MS Cardio - Practice Test
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of Fatima
University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
This Exam contains :
MS Cardio - Practice Test
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of Fatima University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
, MS Cardio - Practice Test
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of
Fatima University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
,A client has developed acute pulmonary accurate predictor. lymphangitis. When reviewing this
edema. Which test result should the ACE inhibitors correct heart failure by: patient's medication administration
nurse expect? 1. Increasing preload record, the nurse should anticipate
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray which of the following?
2. Causing vasoconstriction
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis A)
3. Increasing afterload.
3. Bradycardia by ECG Coumadin
4. Reducing afterload
4. Decreased PAWP by (warfarin) B)
hemodynamic monitoring Answer: 4 Lasix
Rational: ACE inhibitors reduce afterload (furosemide) C)
Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-
through vasodilation, thereby reducing An
ray Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client
heart failure. antibiotic
with acute pulmonary edema shows
D)
interstitial edema as a result of the A nurse on a medical unit is caring for a An antiplatelet aggregator
heart's failure to pump adequately. patient who has been diagnosed with
Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because Ans:
the ABG analysis of a client in acute C
pulmonary edema shows respiratory
alkalosis or acidosis. Feedback:
Bradycardia is incorrect because the ECG
would most likely indicate tachycardia. Lymphangitis is an acute inflammation of
Decreased PAWP is incorrect because the lymphatic channels caused by an
PAWP rises in the client with acute infectious process. Antibiotics are always
pulmonary edema. a component of treatment. Diuretics are
of nominal use. Anticoagulants and
A nurse checks an infant's apical pulse antiplatelet aggregators are not
before digoxin (Lanoxin) administration indicated in this form of infection.
and finds that the pulse rate is 90
beats/minute. Which action is most A client is returning from the operating
appropriate for the nurse? room after inguinal hernia repair. The
1. Withhold the digoxin and notify nurse notes that he has fluid volume
the physician. excess from the operation and is at risk
2. Administer the digoxin and notify for left-sided heart failure. Which sign or
the physician. symptom indicates left-sided heart
3. Administer the digoxin and document failure?
the infant's pulse rate.
4. Withhold the digoxin and document a) Bibasilar crackles
the infant's pulse rate. b) Dependent edema
c) Jugular vein distention
Answer: 1. Withhold the digoxin and d) Right upper quadrant pain
notify the physician.
Rationale: The nurse should withhold a) Bibasilar crackles
the digoxin and notify the physician
because an apical pulse below 100 Bibasilar crackles are a sign of alveolar
beats/minute in an infant is considered fluid, a sequelae of left ventricular fluid,
bradycardic. The nurse should also or pressure overload and indicate left-
document her findings and interventions sided heart failure. Jugular vein
in the medical record. distention, right upper quadrant pain
Administering the drug to a bradycardic (hepatomegaly), and dependent edema
infant could further decrease his heart are caused by right- sided heart failure,
rate and compromise his status. usually a chronic condition.
Withholding the drug and not notifying
A client with chest pain arrives in the
the physician could compromise the
emergency department and receives
existing treatment plan.
nitroglycerin, morphine (Duramorph),
A nurse is monitoring a patient newly oxygen, and aspirin. The physician
admitted with acute heart failure (HF). diagnoses acute coronary syndrome.
Which of the following When the client arrives on the unit, his
laboratory/diagnostic results would vital signs are stable and he has no
indicate the presence of significant HF? complaints of pain. The nurse reviews
1. BNP of 1000 pg/mL the physician's orders. In addition to the
2. Sodium of 150 medications already given, which
3. Potassium of 5.7 mEq/L medication does the nurse expect the
4. pH of 7.30 physician to order?
Answer: 1 a) Nitroprusside (Nipride)
Rationale: The BNP is a significant b) Furosemide (Lasix)
diagnostic and monitoring tool for HF. c) Carvedilol (Coreg)
Any value greater than 400 pg/mL d) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
indicates significant HF. Although all of
the additional laboratory values may be c) Carvedilol (Coreg)
elevated (sodium and potassium) or
decreased (pH) in HF, BNP is the most A client with suspected myocardial
, infarction should receive aspirin, decreasing venous congestion.
nitroglycerin, morphine, and a beta- a) Ambulate as tolerated. 22. A patient with mitral valve stenosis
adrenergic blocker such as carvedilol. b) Avoid elevating affected extremity.
is receiving health education at an
Digoxin treats arrhythmias; there is no c) Take anticoagulant therapy
outpatient clinic. To minimize the
indication that the client is having when symptoms occur.
patient's symptoms, the nurse should
arrhythmias. Furosemide is used to treat d) Avoid sitting for too long.
teach the patient to do which of the
signs of heart failure, which isn't e) Perform leg exercises each hour.
following?
indicated at this point. Nitroprusside
A) Eat a high-protein, low-
increases blood pressure. This client has a) Ambulate as tolerated.
d) Avoid sitting for too long.
carbohydrate diet.
stable vital signs and isn't hypotensive.
B) Avoid activities that cause an
e) Perform leg exercises each hour.
The client teaching instructions for a increased heart rate.
57- year-old male client with Nurses instruct clients with C) Avoid large crowds and public events.
thrombophlebitis who is being D) Perform deep breathing and
thrombophlebitis to prevent
discharged should include recurrences by being active, avoiding coughing exercises.
knee bending or leg crossing, elevating
legs periodically, and taking long- term
anticoagulant therapy exactly as
prescribed. Clients should also watch for
and report signs that indicate impaired
clotting: nosebleeds, bleeding gums,
rectal bleeding, easy bruising, and
prolonged oozing from minor cuts.
The nurse is assigned the following client
assignment on the clinical unit. For which
client does the nurse anticipate
cardioversion as a possible medical
treatment?
a) A client with atrial dysrhythmias
b) A client with poor kidney perfusion
c) A new myocardial infarction client
d) A client with third-degree heart block
a) A client with atrial dysrhythmias
The nurse is correct to identify a client
with atrial dysrhythmias as a candidate
for cardioversion. The goal of
cardioversion is to restore the normal
pacemaker of the heart, as well as,
normal conduction. A client with a
myocardial infarction has tissue damage.
The client with poor perfusion has
circulation problems. The client with
heart block has an impairment in the
conduction system and may require a
pacemaker.
The most important reason for a nurse
to encourage a client with peripheral
vascular disease to initiate a walking
program is that this form of exercise:
a) aids in weight reduction.
b) decreases venous congestion.
c) reduces stress.
d) increases high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) level.
Regular walking is the best way to
decrease venous congestion because
using the leg muscles as a pump helps
return blood to the heart. Regular
exercise also aids in stress reduction and
weight reduction and increases the
formation of HDLs — which are all
beneficial to a client with peripheral
vascular disease. However, these
changes don't have as significant an
effect on the client's condition as
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of Fatima
University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
This Exam contains :
MS Cardio - Practice Test
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of Fatima University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
, MS Cardio - Practice Test
medical surgical nursing (Our Lady of
Fatima University)
Questions with correct answers
2026 Updated | GUARANTEED PASS.
,A client has developed acute pulmonary accurate predictor. lymphangitis. When reviewing this
edema. Which test result should the ACE inhibitors correct heart failure by: patient's medication administration
nurse expect? 1. Increasing preload record, the nurse should anticipate
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray which of the following?
2. Causing vasoconstriction
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis A)
3. Increasing afterload.
3. Bradycardia by ECG Coumadin
4. Reducing afterload
4. Decreased PAWP by (warfarin) B)
hemodynamic monitoring Answer: 4 Lasix
Rational: ACE inhibitors reduce afterload (furosemide) C)
Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-
through vasodilation, thereby reducing An
ray Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client
heart failure. antibiotic
with acute pulmonary edema shows
D)
interstitial edema as a result of the A nurse on a medical unit is caring for a An antiplatelet aggregator
heart's failure to pump adequately. patient who has been diagnosed with
Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because Ans:
the ABG analysis of a client in acute C
pulmonary edema shows respiratory
alkalosis or acidosis. Feedback:
Bradycardia is incorrect because the ECG
would most likely indicate tachycardia. Lymphangitis is an acute inflammation of
Decreased PAWP is incorrect because the lymphatic channels caused by an
PAWP rises in the client with acute infectious process. Antibiotics are always
pulmonary edema. a component of treatment. Diuretics are
of nominal use. Anticoagulants and
A nurse checks an infant's apical pulse antiplatelet aggregators are not
before digoxin (Lanoxin) administration indicated in this form of infection.
and finds that the pulse rate is 90
beats/minute. Which action is most A client is returning from the operating
appropriate for the nurse? room after inguinal hernia repair. The
1. Withhold the digoxin and notify nurse notes that he has fluid volume
the physician. excess from the operation and is at risk
2. Administer the digoxin and notify for left-sided heart failure. Which sign or
the physician. symptom indicates left-sided heart
3. Administer the digoxin and document failure?
the infant's pulse rate.
4. Withhold the digoxin and document a) Bibasilar crackles
the infant's pulse rate. b) Dependent edema
c) Jugular vein distention
Answer: 1. Withhold the digoxin and d) Right upper quadrant pain
notify the physician.
Rationale: The nurse should withhold a) Bibasilar crackles
the digoxin and notify the physician
because an apical pulse below 100 Bibasilar crackles are a sign of alveolar
beats/minute in an infant is considered fluid, a sequelae of left ventricular fluid,
bradycardic. The nurse should also or pressure overload and indicate left-
document her findings and interventions sided heart failure. Jugular vein
in the medical record. distention, right upper quadrant pain
Administering the drug to a bradycardic (hepatomegaly), and dependent edema
infant could further decrease his heart are caused by right- sided heart failure,
rate and compromise his status. usually a chronic condition.
Withholding the drug and not notifying
A client with chest pain arrives in the
the physician could compromise the
emergency department and receives
existing treatment plan.
nitroglycerin, morphine (Duramorph),
A nurse is monitoring a patient newly oxygen, and aspirin. The physician
admitted with acute heart failure (HF). diagnoses acute coronary syndrome.
Which of the following When the client arrives on the unit, his
laboratory/diagnostic results would vital signs are stable and he has no
indicate the presence of significant HF? complaints of pain. The nurse reviews
1. BNP of 1000 pg/mL the physician's orders. In addition to the
2. Sodium of 150 medications already given, which
3. Potassium of 5.7 mEq/L medication does the nurse expect the
4. pH of 7.30 physician to order?
Answer: 1 a) Nitroprusside (Nipride)
Rationale: The BNP is a significant b) Furosemide (Lasix)
diagnostic and monitoring tool for HF. c) Carvedilol (Coreg)
Any value greater than 400 pg/mL d) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
indicates significant HF. Although all of
the additional laboratory values may be c) Carvedilol (Coreg)
elevated (sodium and potassium) or
decreased (pH) in HF, BNP is the most A client with suspected myocardial
, infarction should receive aspirin, decreasing venous congestion.
nitroglycerin, morphine, and a beta- a) Ambulate as tolerated. 22. A patient with mitral valve stenosis
adrenergic blocker such as carvedilol. b) Avoid elevating affected extremity.
is receiving health education at an
Digoxin treats arrhythmias; there is no c) Take anticoagulant therapy
outpatient clinic. To minimize the
indication that the client is having when symptoms occur.
patient's symptoms, the nurse should
arrhythmias. Furosemide is used to treat d) Avoid sitting for too long.
teach the patient to do which of the
signs of heart failure, which isn't e) Perform leg exercises each hour.
following?
indicated at this point. Nitroprusside
A) Eat a high-protein, low-
increases blood pressure. This client has a) Ambulate as tolerated.
d) Avoid sitting for too long.
carbohydrate diet.
stable vital signs and isn't hypotensive.
B) Avoid activities that cause an
e) Perform leg exercises each hour.
The client teaching instructions for a increased heart rate.
57- year-old male client with Nurses instruct clients with C) Avoid large crowds and public events.
thrombophlebitis who is being D) Perform deep breathing and
thrombophlebitis to prevent
discharged should include recurrences by being active, avoiding coughing exercises.
knee bending or leg crossing, elevating
legs periodically, and taking long- term
anticoagulant therapy exactly as
prescribed. Clients should also watch for
and report signs that indicate impaired
clotting: nosebleeds, bleeding gums,
rectal bleeding, easy bruising, and
prolonged oozing from minor cuts.
The nurse is assigned the following client
assignment on the clinical unit. For which
client does the nurse anticipate
cardioversion as a possible medical
treatment?
a) A client with atrial dysrhythmias
b) A client with poor kidney perfusion
c) A new myocardial infarction client
d) A client with third-degree heart block
a) A client with atrial dysrhythmias
The nurse is correct to identify a client
with atrial dysrhythmias as a candidate
for cardioversion. The goal of
cardioversion is to restore the normal
pacemaker of the heart, as well as,
normal conduction. A client with a
myocardial infarction has tissue damage.
The client with poor perfusion has
circulation problems. The client with
heart block has an impairment in the
conduction system and may require a
pacemaker.
The most important reason for a nurse
to encourage a client with peripheral
vascular disease to initiate a walking
program is that this form of exercise:
a) aids in weight reduction.
b) decreases venous congestion.
c) reduces stress.
d) increases high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) level.
Regular walking is the best way to
decrease venous congestion because
using the leg muscles as a pump helps
return blood to the heart. Regular
exercise also aids in stress reduction and
weight reduction and increases the
formation of HDLs — which are all
beneficial to a client with peripheral
vascular disease. However, these
changes don't have as significant an
effect on the client's condition as
