PHIL 347 | EXAM 1 QUESTIONS &
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADE A+
UPDATED 2026/2027
Philosophy -CORRECT ANSWERS- A largely non-empirical inquiry that attempts to identify and answer
fundamental questions about the world
Metaphysics -CORRECT ANSWERS- A branch of philosophy that answers questions about the nature of
reality, our existence, and the universe
Epistemology -CORRECT ANSWERS- A study of the nature of knowledge, belief, and justification
Value Theory -CORRECT ANSWERS- The area of ethics concerned with identifying what is valuable in its
own right and explaining the nature of well-being.
Logic -CORRECT ANSWERS- What methods of thinking and reasoning are good and bad?
Normative Ethics -CORRECT ANSWERS- A branch of philosophy concerned with developing and
evaluating ethical principles and standards for guiding human conduct
Argument -CORRECT ANSWERS- A line of reasoning offered in support of a particular claim of thesis
Premise -CORRECT ANSWERS- Statements that offer support to the conclusion
Conclusion -CORRECT ANSWERS- Claim that the author's proponent is trying to establish
Charity Principle -CORRECT ANSWERS- When clarifying an argument, try to make it as sensible as
possible.
Why?
, Doesn't waste time and energy
Opponents don't have easy ways to avoid our criticisms
So we show proper respect to the intellect of those we are criticizing
ProcessvforvIdentifyingvArgumentsv-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vIdentifyvthevconclusion
2.vIdentifyvthevexplicitvpremises
3.vIdentifyvanyvimplicitvpremises
4.vApplyvthevcharityvprinciple
5.vOutlinevthevargument
EvaluatingvArgumentsv-CORRECTvANSWERS-vValidvForm:vifvthevpremisesv--vassumingvtheyvarevtruev--
ventailvthevconclusion,vthenvthevargumentvisvconsideredvvalid.
Thevpremisesvmustvbevtruevorvatvleastvacceptable.
Badvargumentsvlackvonevorvbothvofvthesevcomponents
ValidvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-
vAnvargumentvwithvavformvthatvrequiresvthevconclusionvtovbevtruevifvthevpremisesvarevtrue
InvalidvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-
vAnvargumentvwithvavformvthatvallowsvthevconclusionvtovbevfalse,vevenvifvthevpremisesvarevtrue.
SoundvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-vAnvargumentvwithvvalidvformvandvtruevpremises
Evaluatingvnon-moralvPremisesv-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vArevthevsourcesvreliable?
2.vIsvtherevconflictingvevidence?
Doesvthevpremises'vsupportvrelyvonvappealsvtovemotionv(withoutvanyvlogicalvreasonsvforvsupport)?
EvaluatingvMoralvPremisesv(ineffectivevmethods)v-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vAppealingvtovtradition
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADE A+
UPDATED 2026/2027
Philosophy -CORRECT ANSWERS- A largely non-empirical inquiry that attempts to identify and answer
fundamental questions about the world
Metaphysics -CORRECT ANSWERS- A branch of philosophy that answers questions about the nature of
reality, our existence, and the universe
Epistemology -CORRECT ANSWERS- A study of the nature of knowledge, belief, and justification
Value Theory -CORRECT ANSWERS- The area of ethics concerned with identifying what is valuable in its
own right and explaining the nature of well-being.
Logic -CORRECT ANSWERS- What methods of thinking and reasoning are good and bad?
Normative Ethics -CORRECT ANSWERS- A branch of philosophy concerned with developing and
evaluating ethical principles and standards for guiding human conduct
Argument -CORRECT ANSWERS- A line of reasoning offered in support of a particular claim of thesis
Premise -CORRECT ANSWERS- Statements that offer support to the conclusion
Conclusion -CORRECT ANSWERS- Claim that the author's proponent is trying to establish
Charity Principle -CORRECT ANSWERS- When clarifying an argument, try to make it as sensible as
possible.
Why?
, Doesn't waste time and energy
Opponents don't have easy ways to avoid our criticisms
So we show proper respect to the intellect of those we are criticizing
ProcessvforvIdentifyingvArgumentsv-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vIdentifyvthevconclusion
2.vIdentifyvthevexplicitvpremises
3.vIdentifyvanyvimplicitvpremises
4.vApplyvthevcharityvprinciple
5.vOutlinevthevargument
EvaluatingvArgumentsv-CORRECTvANSWERS-vValidvForm:vifvthevpremisesv--vassumingvtheyvarevtruev--
ventailvthevconclusion,vthenvthevargumentvisvconsideredvvalid.
Thevpremisesvmustvbevtruevorvatvleastvacceptable.
Badvargumentsvlackvonevorvbothvofvthesevcomponents
ValidvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-
vAnvargumentvwithvavformvthatvrequiresvthevconclusionvtovbevtruevifvthevpremisesvarevtrue
InvalidvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-
vAnvargumentvwithvavformvthatvallowsvthevconclusionvtovbevfalse,vevenvifvthevpremisesvarevtrue.
SoundvArgumentv-CORRECTvANSWERS-vAnvargumentvwithvvalidvformvandvtruevpremises
Evaluatingvnon-moralvPremisesv-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vArevthevsourcesvreliable?
2.vIsvtherevconflictingvevidence?
Doesvthevpremises'vsupportvrelyvonvappealsvtovemotionv(withoutvanyvlogicalvreasonsvforvsupport)?
EvaluatingvMoralvPremisesv(ineffectivevmethods)v-CORRECTvANSWERS-v1.vAppealingvtovtradition
