BSNC 2000 - FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT.
Why is it important for hospitalized pt to receive optimal nutrition - (ANSWER)promotes healing
prevents infection
provides energy for mobilization
prevents dehydration -> promotes perfusion
supports the increased energy demand
(malnutrition can extend hospital stays)
Daily Energy Expenditure breakdown - (ANSWER)BMR (60%)
physical activity (25%)
thermic effect of food (digestion) (8%)
non-exercise activity thermogenesis (7%)
Which hormone influences BMR? - (ANSWER)thyroid hormone
which macromolecule has the highest thermic effect of food? Which is the lowest? - (ANSWER)protein =
highest
fat = lowest
Why are older adults more at risk for malnutrition? (potential causes) - (ANSWER)dec appetite/taste
dec swallowing/saliva, chewing
dec mobility/ability to cook for themselves
atrophy of GI cells (dec acidity)
cognitive changes (dementia)
reduced organ function
meds
Consequences of malnutrition - (ANSWER)energy imbalances (effects weight)
, BSNC 2000 - FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT.
nutritional deficiencies
nutritional toxicities
Obesity (def) - (ANSWER)complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease characterized by excessive
body fat that impairs health
(fat =/= unhealthy)
How is appetite regulated? - (ANSWER)hypothalamus = hunger and satiety centres
sensory neurons
hormones
microbiome
response: altered appetite and energy expenditure
Hunger centre in the brain - (ANSWER)lateral hypothalamus
Satiety centre in the brain - (ANSWER)ventromedial hypothalamus
which hormone increases hunger? - (ANSWER)ghrelin
low blood glucose + ghrelin -> hunger
which hormones signal satiety? - (ANSWER)Cholecystokinin (CKK), Leptin
fatty meal -> CCK promotes bile release
Why is it important for hospitalized pt to receive optimal nutrition - (ANSWER)promotes healing
prevents infection
provides energy for mobilization
prevents dehydration -> promotes perfusion
supports the increased energy demand
(malnutrition can extend hospital stays)
Daily Energy Expenditure breakdown - (ANSWER)BMR (60%)
physical activity (25%)
thermic effect of food (digestion) (8%)
non-exercise activity thermogenesis (7%)
Which hormone influences BMR? - (ANSWER)thyroid hormone
which macromolecule has the highest thermic effect of food? Which is the lowest? - (ANSWER)protein =
highest
fat = lowest
Why are older adults more at risk for malnutrition? (potential causes) - (ANSWER)dec appetite/taste
dec swallowing/saliva, chewing
dec mobility/ability to cook for themselves
atrophy of GI cells (dec acidity)
cognitive changes (dementia)
reduced organ function
meds
Consequences of malnutrition - (ANSWER)energy imbalances (effects weight)
, BSNC 2000 - FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT.
nutritional deficiencies
nutritional toxicities
Obesity (def) - (ANSWER)complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease characterized by excessive
body fat that impairs health
(fat =/= unhealthy)
How is appetite regulated? - (ANSWER)hypothalamus = hunger and satiety centres
sensory neurons
hormones
microbiome
response: altered appetite and energy expenditure
Hunger centre in the brain - (ANSWER)lateral hypothalamus
Satiety centre in the brain - (ANSWER)ventromedial hypothalamus
which hormone increases hunger? - (ANSWER)ghrelin
low blood glucose + ghrelin -> hunger
which hormones signal satiety? - (ANSWER)Cholecystokinin (CKK), Leptin
fatty meal -> CCK promotes bile release
