Biology I Exam1 questions and answers Graded A+
latest update
5 steps of scientific method - ✅✅1. observation
2. question
3. hypothesis
4. experiment
5. conclusion
observation - ✅✅act of viewing the world around us
question - ✅✅made based off of an observation
hypothesis - ✅✅a tentative explanation for an observation
controlled experiment - ✅✅- test several groups
- introduce a single variable per treatment
- keep conditions as similar as possible from one group to the next
conclusion - ✅✅supports/refutes hypothesis
- more experimentation needed if refuted
prediction - ✅✅a guess of what might happen based on observation-- the
outcome you would observe if your hypothesis was supported
,theory - ✅✅a sound explanation of the world supported through continued
observation and experiments over a long period of time
3 components of a controlled experiment - ✅✅1. variable
2. test group
3. control group
variable - ✅✅feature of an experiment that is changed from one treatment to
the next
test group - ✅✅exposed to variable in an experiment
control group - ✅✅not exposed to the variable in an experiment
importance of test group & control group - ✅✅they allow researchers to
determine whether the variable in an experiment has an effect
independent variable - ✅✅manipulation performed on the test group
(ex. hours of tutoring)
which axis is the independent variable found on a graph? - ✅✅x-axis
dependent variable - ✅✅effect that is being measured
(ex. test score)
, which axis is the dependent variable found on a graph? - ✅✅y-axis
theory of evolution - ✅✅set of hypotheses that provide a powerful explanation
for both biological observations & the diversity of life
why do we learn that the theory of evolution is the single most important theory
in all of biology? - ✅✅there's lots of evidence from asking/testing good
scientific questions
(ex. anatomy, fossil record, biogeography, molecular biology)
7 ways living organisms are different from non-living organisms - ✅✅1.
organization - complex organization
2. response - ability to change in response to the environment
3. reproduction - ability to reproduce
4. evolution - capacity to evolve
5. metabolism - chemical rxns that sustain life
6. homeostasis - maintenance of stable internal environment
7. growth - regulated growth/cell division
1st law of thermodynamics - ✅✅energy can neither be created nor destroyed;
it can only be transformed from one form into another
how does the 1st law of thermodynamics apply to living organisms? - ✅✅-
living organisms transform energy from sunlight --> chemical energy
- cells convert energy by expending it & giving off heat as a by product
latest update
5 steps of scientific method - ✅✅1. observation
2. question
3. hypothesis
4. experiment
5. conclusion
observation - ✅✅act of viewing the world around us
question - ✅✅made based off of an observation
hypothesis - ✅✅a tentative explanation for an observation
controlled experiment - ✅✅- test several groups
- introduce a single variable per treatment
- keep conditions as similar as possible from one group to the next
conclusion - ✅✅supports/refutes hypothesis
- more experimentation needed if refuted
prediction - ✅✅a guess of what might happen based on observation-- the
outcome you would observe if your hypothesis was supported
,theory - ✅✅a sound explanation of the world supported through continued
observation and experiments over a long period of time
3 components of a controlled experiment - ✅✅1. variable
2. test group
3. control group
variable - ✅✅feature of an experiment that is changed from one treatment to
the next
test group - ✅✅exposed to variable in an experiment
control group - ✅✅not exposed to the variable in an experiment
importance of test group & control group - ✅✅they allow researchers to
determine whether the variable in an experiment has an effect
independent variable - ✅✅manipulation performed on the test group
(ex. hours of tutoring)
which axis is the independent variable found on a graph? - ✅✅x-axis
dependent variable - ✅✅effect that is being measured
(ex. test score)
, which axis is the dependent variable found on a graph? - ✅✅y-axis
theory of evolution - ✅✅set of hypotheses that provide a powerful explanation
for both biological observations & the diversity of life
why do we learn that the theory of evolution is the single most important theory
in all of biology? - ✅✅there's lots of evidence from asking/testing good
scientific questions
(ex. anatomy, fossil record, biogeography, molecular biology)
7 ways living organisms are different from non-living organisms - ✅✅1.
organization - complex organization
2. response - ability to change in response to the environment
3. reproduction - ability to reproduce
4. evolution - capacity to evolve
5. metabolism - chemical rxns that sustain life
6. homeostasis - maintenance of stable internal environment
7. growth - regulated growth/cell division
1st law of thermodynamics - ✅✅energy can neither be created nor destroyed;
it can only be transformed from one form into another
how does the 1st law of thermodynamics apply to living organisms? - ✅✅-
living organisms transform energy from sunlight --> chemical energy
- cells convert energy by expending it & giving off heat as a by product
