COMSAE 115 EXAM 2026/2027
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) 2026 EDITION
|BEST DOCUMENT FOR EXAM
QUESTION
What causes a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)?
ANSWER
Rupture of a berry (saccular) aneurysm
RATIONALE
Berry aneurysms are small, saccular outpouchings of cerebral arteries that can
rupture, causing blood to accumulate in the subarachnoid space.
QUESTION
What are the characteristic signs of a basilar skull fracture?
ANSWER
Raccoon eyes, CSF otorrhea, and Battle's sign
RATIONALE
Basilar skull fractures often damage cranial bones and meninges, causing
periorbital bruising, CSF leakage, and mastoid ecchymosis.
,QUESTION
How is G6PD deficiency identified?
ANSWER
Bite cells and Heinz bodies on blood smear; hemolytic anemia after fava bean
ingestion
RATIONALE
G6PD deficiency impairs red blood cell protection against oxidative stress, leading
to hemolysis and characteristic blood smear findings.
QUESTION
What is a thyroid storm?
ANSWER
A life-threatening exacerbation of hyperthyroidism with fever, tachycardia,
confusion, and vomiting, often triggered by surgery
RATIONALE
Excess thyroid hormone accelerates metabolism, causing systemic instability and
organ dysfunction.
QUESTION
What is the main concern with elevated AFP in a pregnant woman?
ANSWER
Neural tube defect (e.g., spina bifida)
RATIONALE
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) crosses from fetal serum to amniotic fluid; elevated levels
suggest incomplete neural tube closure.
QUESTION
How is hereditary spherocytosis diagnosed?
,ANSWER
Spherocytes on blood smear, increased osmotic fragility, and negative Coombs test
RATIONALE
Intrinsic RBC membrane defects cause spherical red cells, leading to hemolytic
anemia.
QUESTION
Which condition is associated with HLA-B27 positivity, low back pain, and
uveitis?
ANSWER
Ankylosing spondylitis
RATIONALE
An autoimmune spondyloarthropathy causing chronic inflammation of axial
skeleton and extra-articular sites.
QUESTION
Which nerve is affected in a patient with 'claw hand'?
ANSWER
Ulnar nerve
RATIONALE
Ulnar nerve injury affects intrinsic hand muscles, producing claw deformity and
sensory loss in the medial hand.
QUESTION
What symptoms occur with a left middle cerebral artery stroke?
ANSWER
Sudden unilateral weakness, facial droop, and expressive aphasia (Broca's area)
, RATIONALE
L MCA infarct affects motor cortex, Broca’s area, and contralateral face and arm.
QUESTION
What are the features of pyruvate kinase deficiency?
ANSWER
Impaired glycolysis leading to nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia
RATIONALE
PK deficiency limits ATP production in RBCs, causing membrane rigidity and
hemolysis.
QUESTION
What is characteristic of a granulosa cell tumor?
ANSWER
'Soap bubble' appearance on ovarian histology
RATIONALE
Granulosa cell tumors are estrogen-secreting ovarian tumors with distinctive
microfollicular structures.
QUESTION
Most likely pathogen in a patient with fever, cough with rusty sputum, and lobar
consolidation?
ANSWER
Streptococcus pneumoniae
RATIONALE
S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired lobar
pneumonia.
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) 2026 EDITION
|BEST DOCUMENT FOR EXAM
QUESTION
What causes a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)?
ANSWER
Rupture of a berry (saccular) aneurysm
RATIONALE
Berry aneurysms are small, saccular outpouchings of cerebral arteries that can
rupture, causing blood to accumulate in the subarachnoid space.
QUESTION
What are the characteristic signs of a basilar skull fracture?
ANSWER
Raccoon eyes, CSF otorrhea, and Battle's sign
RATIONALE
Basilar skull fractures often damage cranial bones and meninges, causing
periorbital bruising, CSF leakage, and mastoid ecchymosis.
,QUESTION
How is G6PD deficiency identified?
ANSWER
Bite cells and Heinz bodies on blood smear; hemolytic anemia after fava bean
ingestion
RATIONALE
G6PD deficiency impairs red blood cell protection against oxidative stress, leading
to hemolysis and characteristic blood smear findings.
QUESTION
What is a thyroid storm?
ANSWER
A life-threatening exacerbation of hyperthyroidism with fever, tachycardia,
confusion, and vomiting, often triggered by surgery
RATIONALE
Excess thyroid hormone accelerates metabolism, causing systemic instability and
organ dysfunction.
QUESTION
What is the main concern with elevated AFP in a pregnant woman?
ANSWER
Neural tube defect (e.g., spina bifida)
RATIONALE
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) crosses from fetal serum to amniotic fluid; elevated levels
suggest incomplete neural tube closure.
QUESTION
How is hereditary spherocytosis diagnosed?
,ANSWER
Spherocytes on blood smear, increased osmotic fragility, and negative Coombs test
RATIONALE
Intrinsic RBC membrane defects cause spherical red cells, leading to hemolytic
anemia.
QUESTION
Which condition is associated with HLA-B27 positivity, low back pain, and
uveitis?
ANSWER
Ankylosing spondylitis
RATIONALE
An autoimmune spondyloarthropathy causing chronic inflammation of axial
skeleton and extra-articular sites.
QUESTION
Which nerve is affected in a patient with 'claw hand'?
ANSWER
Ulnar nerve
RATIONALE
Ulnar nerve injury affects intrinsic hand muscles, producing claw deformity and
sensory loss in the medial hand.
QUESTION
What symptoms occur with a left middle cerebral artery stroke?
ANSWER
Sudden unilateral weakness, facial droop, and expressive aphasia (Broca's area)
, RATIONALE
L MCA infarct affects motor cortex, Broca’s area, and contralateral face and arm.
QUESTION
What are the features of pyruvate kinase deficiency?
ANSWER
Impaired glycolysis leading to nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia
RATIONALE
PK deficiency limits ATP production in RBCs, causing membrane rigidity and
hemolysis.
QUESTION
What is characteristic of a granulosa cell tumor?
ANSWER
'Soap bubble' appearance on ovarian histology
RATIONALE
Granulosa cell tumors are estrogen-secreting ovarian tumors with distinctive
microfollicular structures.
QUESTION
Most likely pathogen in a patient with fever, cough with rusty sputum, and lobar
consolidation?
ANSWER
Streptococcus pneumoniae
RATIONALE
S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired lobar
pneumonia.
