Portage biod 210 genetics module 4
vocab
Spontaneous mutation – answer process by which bacteria undergo random mutations,
some of which may be advantageous to survival in an otherwise hostile environment
selection - answer choosing bacterial colonies in conditions where the desired mutation
grows but the wild-type does not
minimal media - answer a chemically defined media that contains the exact nutrients
needed for growth and nothing extra
prototropic - answerneed no additional nutrients or reagents to grow
logarithimic (log) phase - answer fixed amount of time between periods of replication
resulting in exponential growth
stationary phase - answercease to grow
conjugation - answerprocess by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to
another bacterium via direct contact
auxotrophs - answerbacterial strains that lack essential nutrients or AA such that they
cannot grow without supplementation in minimal medium
prototrophs - answercan synthesize all of the essential nutrients to grow on minimal
medium
F+ cells (fertility) - answer"donor" bacteria who donates the genes
F- cells - answerreceive the genetic information from the donor and integrate it into their
own chromosomes
F- pilus - answersmall structure that mediates physical cell-to-cell contact
fertility factor (F-factor) - answercircular double stranded DNA molecule called a plasmid
R plasmids - answerbacteria that carry plasmids that confer antibiotic resistance
resistance-transfer factor(RTF) - answergenetically similar among bacteria and confer
the genes that are necessary for the transfer of genetic material between bacteria
vocab
Spontaneous mutation – answer process by which bacteria undergo random mutations,
some of which may be advantageous to survival in an otherwise hostile environment
selection - answer choosing bacterial colonies in conditions where the desired mutation
grows but the wild-type does not
minimal media - answer a chemically defined media that contains the exact nutrients
needed for growth and nothing extra
prototropic - answerneed no additional nutrients or reagents to grow
logarithimic (log) phase - answer fixed amount of time between periods of replication
resulting in exponential growth
stationary phase - answercease to grow
conjugation - answerprocess by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to
another bacterium via direct contact
auxotrophs - answerbacterial strains that lack essential nutrients or AA such that they
cannot grow without supplementation in minimal medium
prototrophs - answercan synthesize all of the essential nutrients to grow on minimal
medium
F+ cells (fertility) - answer"donor" bacteria who donates the genes
F- cells - answerreceive the genetic information from the donor and integrate it into their
own chromosomes
F- pilus - answersmall structure that mediates physical cell-to-cell contact
fertility factor (F-factor) - answercircular double stranded DNA molecule called a plasmid
R plasmids - answerbacteria that carry plasmids that confer antibiotic resistance
resistance-transfer factor(RTF) - answergenetically similar among bacteria and confer
the genes that are necessary for the transfer of genetic material between bacteria
