PALS Precourse Self-Assessment Answers –
American Heart Association (AHA ) PALS Precourse
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A 3 year old boy presents with multiple-system trauma.
The child was an unrestrained passenger in a high-speed
motor vehicle crash. On primary assessment, he is
unresponsive to voice or painful stimulation. His
respiratory rate is 5/min, heart rate, and pulses re 170/min,
systolic blood pressure is 60 mmHg, capillary refill is 5
seconds, and Sp02 is 75% on room air. Which action
should you take first?
A.) Establish immediate vascular access
B.) While a colleague provides spinal motion restriction,
open the airway with a jaw thrust and provided bag-mask
ventilation.
C.) Provide 100% oxygen by simple mask.
D.) Perform immediate endotracheal intubation. - Answer-
B.) While a colleague provides spinal motion restriction,
open the airway with a jaw thrust and provide bag-mask
ventilation.
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You are a caring for a 6 year old patient who is receiving
positive pressure mechanical ventilation via an
endotracheal tube. The child begins to move his head and
suddenly becomes cyanotic, and his heart rate decreases.
His Sp02 is 65%. You remove the child from the
mechanical ventilation and begin to provide manual
ventilation with a bag via endotracheal tube. During
manual ventilation with 100% oxygen, the child's color and
heart rate improve slightly and his blood pressure remains
adequate. Breath sounds and chest expansion are present
and adequate on the right side and are present but
consistently diminished on the left side. The trachea is not
deviated and the neck veins are not distended. A suction
catheter passes easily beyond the tip of the endotracheal
tube. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this
child's acute deterioration?
A.) Tracheal tube obstruction
B.) Tracheal tube displacement int - Answer-B.) Tracheal
tube displacement into the right main bronchus.
You just assisted with the elective endotracheal intubation
of a child with respiratory failure and a perfusing rhythm.
Which provides a reliable, prompt assessment of correct
endotracheal tube placement in this child?
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A.) Adequate bilateral breath sounds and chest expansion
plus detection of ETCO2 with waveform capnography.
B.) Confirmation of appropriate oxygen and carbon dioxide
tensions on arterial blood gas analysis.
C.) Absence of audible breath sounds over the abdomen
during positive pressure ventilation.
D.) Auscultation of breath sounds over the lateral chest
bilaterally plus presence of mist in the endotracheal tube. -
Answer-A.) Adeuquate bilateral breath sounds and chest
expansion plus detection of ETCO2 with waveform
capnography.
What compression to ventilation ratio should be used for 2
rescuer infant CPR?
A.) 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
B.) 15 compressions to 2 breaths.
C.) 20 compressions to 2 breaths.
D.) 5 compressions to 1 breath. - Answer-B.) 15
compressions to 2 breaths.