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SHS 401 final exam Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
What structures do disorders of the outer ear involve?
Ans: The pinna and the external auditory canal
What are the disorders of the outer ear?
Ans: Anotia, microtia, pre-auricular pits or tags, atresia,
excessive cerumen, stenosis, foreign bodies, collapsing ear
canals, otitis externa\swimmer's ear, tumors, Herpes Zoster
Oticus, and Exocytosis.
What is anotia?
Ans: Absent pinna
What is microtia?
Ans: Abnormally-shaped pinna (peanut ear)
hereditary: autosomal dominant
High incidence in japanese and Navajo
More males
Not usually bilateral unless something else going on
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What are pre-auricular pits or tags?
Ans: Abnormally-formed portions of the pinna
Hereditary: dominant
appears anteriorly, unilateral
May be a sign of unilateral loss
What is atresia?
Ans: Absent external auditory canal or severe stenosis leading
to an abnormally-small tympanic membrane (can occur with
anotia or microtia).
Pinna can be present but canal is either incomplete (does not
lead to the TM) or not present at all.
If pinna is present, it is not generally "normal" in appearance
audiogram for atresia
Ans: Degree of hearing loss will vary according to opening of
ear canal and associated anomalities of the middle ear.
Complete atresia (no ear canal at all), significant hearing loss.
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Must measure both air and bone conduction testing to
determine the extent of loss.
Immitance for atresia
Ans: Can it be performed?
Depends (stenotic (small) or absent)
Tympanometry: have to have an opening to test is ear drum
working.
Acoustic Reflexes: can't measure the TM movement so can't do
it either.
OAES for atresia
ABR for atresia
Ans: OAES: depends (stenotic or absent)
Can perform where anotia is, need ear canal
ABR: depends on stimulus you use (air conducted vs bone
conduction)
Treatment for Atresia
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Ans: surgical options depend on the specific condition of the
middle ear and cochlea.
Surgery can be done in stages
Because there can be injuries associated with creating an ear
canal surgeons will usually wait until a childs head is adult size.
If middle ear and cochlea are of adequate integrity, hearing aids
are an option, particularly during waiting period before
reconstructive surgery.
Bone anchored hearing aid or bone conduction aid.
Treatment of Anotia and Microtia
Ans: reconstruction of the pinna or orthotic pinna
surgery is not warranted for medical purposes
Or bone conduction hearing aid.
Or bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA)
a screw outside of skull, enough scar tissue, hook hearing aid --
> need to have healthy cochlea to do this.
Excessive Cerumen (ear wax)
Ans: Most common outer ear disorder
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
SHS 401 final exam Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
What structures do disorders of the outer ear involve?
Ans: The pinna and the external auditory canal
What are the disorders of the outer ear?
Ans: Anotia, microtia, pre-auricular pits or tags, atresia,
excessive cerumen, stenosis, foreign bodies, collapsing ear
canals, otitis externa\swimmer's ear, tumors, Herpes Zoster
Oticus, and Exocytosis.
What is anotia?
Ans: Absent pinna
What is microtia?
Ans: Abnormally-shaped pinna (peanut ear)
hereditary: autosomal dominant
High incidence in japanese and Navajo
More males
Not usually bilateral unless something else going on
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |2
What are pre-auricular pits or tags?
Ans: Abnormally-formed portions of the pinna
Hereditary: dominant
appears anteriorly, unilateral
May be a sign of unilateral loss
What is atresia?
Ans: Absent external auditory canal or severe stenosis leading
to an abnormally-small tympanic membrane (can occur with
anotia or microtia).
Pinna can be present but canal is either incomplete (does not
lead to the TM) or not present at all.
If pinna is present, it is not generally "normal" in appearance
audiogram for atresia
Ans: Degree of hearing loss will vary according to opening of
ear canal and associated anomalities of the middle ear.
Complete atresia (no ear canal at all), significant hearing loss.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |3
Must measure both air and bone conduction testing to
determine the extent of loss.
Immitance for atresia
Ans: Can it be performed?
Depends (stenotic (small) or absent)
Tympanometry: have to have an opening to test is ear drum
working.
Acoustic Reflexes: can't measure the TM movement so can't do
it either.
OAES for atresia
ABR for atresia
Ans: OAES: depends (stenotic or absent)
Can perform where anotia is, need ear canal
ABR: depends on stimulus you use (air conducted vs bone
conduction)
Treatment for Atresia
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |4
Ans: surgical options depend on the specific condition of the
middle ear and cochlea.
Surgery can be done in stages
Because there can be injuries associated with creating an ear
canal surgeons will usually wait until a childs head is adult size.
If middle ear and cochlea are of adequate integrity, hearing aids
are an option, particularly during waiting period before
reconstructive surgery.
Bone anchored hearing aid or bone conduction aid.
Treatment of Anotia and Microtia
Ans: reconstruction of the pinna or orthotic pinna
surgery is not warranted for medical purposes
Or bone conduction hearing aid.
Or bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA)
a screw outside of skull, enough scar tissue, hook hearing aid --
> need to have healthy cochlea to do this.
Excessive Cerumen (ear wax)
Ans: Most common outer ear disorder
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
