AGACNP-BC Practice Exam LATEST 2026 UPDATE FAST
REVIWED FROM ACTUAL TEST 100 QUESTIONS AND 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS| A+ GRADE Q&A | INSTANT
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1. A patient with acute decompensated heart failure presents with pulmonary edema. Which
medication is first-line for rapid symptom relief?
A. Metoprolol
B. Lisinopril
C. Furosemide
D. Spironolactone
Loop diuretics like furosemide provide rapid fluid removal and symptom relief in acute
pulmonary edema.
2. Which hemodynamic parameter is most indicative of cardiogenic shock?
A. Increased cardiac output
B. Decreased systemic vascular resistance
C. Decreased cardiac index
D. Increased preload only
Cardiogenic shock is defined by reduced cardiac output, reflected as a low cardiac index.
3. A patient with sepsis has a lactate level of 5 mmol/L. What does this indicate?
A. Normal perfusion
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Tissue hypoperfusion
D. Renal failure
Elevated lactate indicates anaerobic metabolism due to inadequate tissue perfusion.
4. Which ECG finding is characteristic of hyperkalemia?
A. U waves
B. ST depression
C. Peaked T waves
D. Prolonged QT interval
Hyperkalemia causes tall, peaked T waves due to altered cardiac conduction.
5. A patient presents with sudden unilateral weakness and aphasia. What is the priority
intervention?
A. Start heparin
B. Administer aspirin
C. Activate stroke protocol
D. Give antihypertensives
Rapid stroke protocol activation ensures timely imaging and thrombolytic evaluation.
6. Which condition is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy?
A. Ischemic stroke within 3 hours
B. Recent intracranial hemorrhage
C. Hypertension
D. Diabetes
History of intracranial hemorrhage is an absolute contraindication due to bleeding risk.
, 7. What is the primary cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
A. Cardiac failure
B. Inflammatory lung injury
C. Airway obstruction
D. Chronic infection
ARDS results from diffuse inflammatory damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane.
8. Which ventilator setting is most important in ARDS management?
A. High tidal volume
B. Low tidal volume ventilation
C. High oxygen only
D. Low PEEP
Low tidal volume reduces ventilator-induced lung injury.
9. A patient with COPD exacerbation has CO₂ retention. What acid-base imbalance is
expected?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
CO₂ retention leads to respiratory acidosis.
10. Which medication is first-line for anaphylaxis?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Steroids
C. Epinephrine
D. Albuterol
Epinephrine reverses airway constriction and hypotension rapidly.
11. A patient with DKA will most likely have which electrolyte abnormality?
A. Hypokalemia initially
B. Hyperkalemia initially
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyponatremia only
Despite total body potassium loss, serum potassium is initially elevated.
12. What is the priority treatment in DKA?
A. Insulin only
B. Fluid resuscitation
C. Potassium replacement
D. Bicarbonate
Fluids restore perfusion and are the first step before insulin.
13. Which lab value confirms acute kidney injury?
A. Hemoglobin drop
B. Rise in serum creatinine
C. Low sodium
D. Elevated glucose
AKI is defined by an increase in serum creatinine or decreased urine output.
14. Which finding suggests pulmonary embolism?
A. Bradycardia
B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
REVIWED FROM ACTUAL TEST 100 QUESTIONS AND 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS| A+ GRADE Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A patient with acute decompensated heart failure presents with pulmonary edema. Which
medication is first-line for rapid symptom relief?
A. Metoprolol
B. Lisinopril
C. Furosemide
D. Spironolactone
Loop diuretics like furosemide provide rapid fluid removal and symptom relief in acute
pulmonary edema.
2. Which hemodynamic parameter is most indicative of cardiogenic shock?
A. Increased cardiac output
B. Decreased systemic vascular resistance
C. Decreased cardiac index
D. Increased preload only
Cardiogenic shock is defined by reduced cardiac output, reflected as a low cardiac index.
3. A patient with sepsis has a lactate level of 5 mmol/L. What does this indicate?
A. Normal perfusion
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Tissue hypoperfusion
D. Renal failure
Elevated lactate indicates anaerobic metabolism due to inadequate tissue perfusion.
4. Which ECG finding is characteristic of hyperkalemia?
A. U waves
B. ST depression
C. Peaked T waves
D. Prolonged QT interval
Hyperkalemia causes tall, peaked T waves due to altered cardiac conduction.
5. A patient presents with sudden unilateral weakness and aphasia. What is the priority
intervention?
A. Start heparin
B. Administer aspirin
C. Activate stroke protocol
D. Give antihypertensives
Rapid stroke protocol activation ensures timely imaging and thrombolytic evaluation.
6. Which condition is a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy?
A. Ischemic stroke within 3 hours
B. Recent intracranial hemorrhage
C. Hypertension
D. Diabetes
History of intracranial hemorrhage is an absolute contraindication due to bleeding risk.
, 7. What is the primary cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
A. Cardiac failure
B. Inflammatory lung injury
C. Airway obstruction
D. Chronic infection
ARDS results from diffuse inflammatory damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane.
8. Which ventilator setting is most important in ARDS management?
A. High tidal volume
B. Low tidal volume ventilation
C. High oxygen only
D. Low PEEP
Low tidal volume reduces ventilator-induced lung injury.
9. A patient with COPD exacerbation has CO₂ retention. What acid-base imbalance is
expected?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
CO₂ retention leads to respiratory acidosis.
10. Which medication is first-line for anaphylaxis?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Steroids
C. Epinephrine
D. Albuterol
Epinephrine reverses airway constriction and hypotension rapidly.
11. A patient with DKA will most likely have which electrolyte abnormality?
A. Hypokalemia initially
B. Hyperkalemia initially
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyponatremia only
Despite total body potassium loss, serum potassium is initially elevated.
12. What is the priority treatment in DKA?
A. Insulin only
B. Fluid resuscitation
C. Potassium replacement
D. Bicarbonate
Fluids restore perfusion and are the first step before insulin.
13. Which lab value confirms acute kidney injury?
A. Hemoglobin drop
B. Rise in serum creatinine
C. Low sodium
D. Elevated glucose
AKI is defined by an increase in serum creatinine or decreased urine output.
14. Which finding suggests pulmonary embolism?
A. Bradycardia
B. Sudden dyspnea and chest pain
