Med-Surg Exam 1 - part 2
Save
Students also studied
INTRODUÇÃO - SEMIOLOGIA I Sociokulturní antropologie jako věd... ffa creed questions in spanish T'es bra
Teacher 27 terms Teacher 25 terms Teacher 12 terms Teacher
cliffordrosasi Preview wakanie Preview wangzhao463 Preview cliff
What conditions inside the body are measured for body temperature
homeostasis?
blood electrolyte values (sodium, potassium, calcium)
blood pH
blood volume
What is homeostasis Keeping conditions inside the body as close to normal as possible.
What are homeostatic mechanisms Controls that the body has to help maintain homeostasis in order to prevent
dangerous changes.
Total body weight of water normal value is? 55-60% in healthy adults
50-55% older adults
* maintaining normal fluid volume and composition is very important to
homeostasis *
Name the compartments of distribution of body fluids Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
- Inside the cell, making up ²/₃ of body water
- Usually 28 liters of fluid
- Normal state → ICF remains in osmotic equal with ECF
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
- Outside the cells, such as interstitial spaces (10.5 L), plasma/blood vessels (3.5 L)
and makes up ¹/₃ of body water
- Not static → ions, proteins, & nutrients are always moving across cell membranes
Transcellular Fluid (1% of the ECF compartment)
- Pleural, cerebral-spinal fluid, joints
, What is the TBW? Total body water = Sum of all fluids = 60% body weight
ICF = 40%
ECF = 20% (5% plasma, 14% interstitial, 1% transcellular)
Factors that influence the amount and distribution of body Age -
fluids older adults has less body water than younger
Gender -
males have a greater muscle mass percentage and muscle cells contain mostly
water
Amount of fat -
obese person has less total water because fat cells contain almost no water
(adipose tissue is hydrophobic)
Obligatory Urine Output 400 - 600 mL/day is the minimum amount of urine needed to excrete toxic waste
products.
* The kidney works with various hormones to maintain fluid balance when ECF
concentrations, volumes, or pressures change
Measurable Intake of Fluids are: Oral fluids
Parenteral fluids (taken through IV)
Enemas
Irrigation fluids
NOT MEASURED
Solid foods
Measurable Output of Fluids are: Urine
Emesis
Feces
Drainage from body cavities
NOT MEASURED
Perspiration
Vaporization through the lungs
Insensible Water Loss Water loss from skin, lungs, and stool. It cannot be controlled and is approx. 500 -
1000 mL/day.
What factors can impact insensible water loss? Loss increases greatly during:
Thyroid crisis
Trauma
Burns
States of extreme stress
Fever
also, when environment is hot and dry
Save
Students also studied
INTRODUÇÃO - SEMIOLOGIA I Sociokulturní antropologie jako věd... ffa creed questions in spanish T'es bra
Teacher 27 terms Teacher 25 terms Teacher 12 terms Teacher
cliffordrosasi Preview wakanie Preview wangzhao463 Preview cliff
What conditions inside the body are measured for body temperature
homeostasis?
blood electrolyte values (sodium, potassium, calcium)
blood pH
blood volume
What is homeostasis Keeping conditions inside the body as close to normal as possible.
What are homeostatic mechanisms Controls that the body has to help maintain homeostasis in order to prevent
dangerous changes.
Total body weight of water normal value is? 55-60% in healthy adults
50-55% older adults
* maintaining normal fluid volume and composition is very important to
homeostasis *
Name the compartments of distribution of body fluids Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
- Inside the cell, making up ²/₃ of body water
- Usually 28 liters of fluid
- Normal state → ICF remains in osmotic equal with ECF
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
- Outside the cells, such as interstitial spaces (10.5 L), plasma/blood vessels (3.5 L)
and makes up ¹/₃ of body water
- Not static → ions, proteins, & nutrients are always moving across cell membranes
Transcellular Fluid (1% of the ECF compartment)
- Pleural, cerebral-spinal fluid, joints
, What is the TBW? Total body water = Sum of all fluids = 60% body weight
ICF = 40%
ECF = 20% (5% plasma, 14% interstitial, 1% transcellular)
Factors that influence the amount and distribution of body Age -
fluids older adults has less body water than younger
Gender -
males have a greater muscle mass percentage and muscle cells contain mostly
water
Amount of fat -
obese person has less total water because fat cells contain almost no water
(adipose tissue is hydrophobic)
Obligatory Urine Output 400 - 600 mL/day is the minimum amount of urine needed to excrete toxic waste
products.
* The kidney works with various hormones to maintain fluid balance when ECF
concentrations, volumes, or pressures change
Measurable Intake of Fluids are: Oral fluids
Parenteral fluids (taken through IV)
Enemas
Irrigation fluids
NOT MEASURED
Solid foods
Measurable Output of Fluids are: Urine
Emesis
Feces
Drainage from body cavities
NOT MEASURED
Perspiration
Vaporization through the lungs
Insensible Water Loss Water loss from skin, lungs, and stool. It cannot be controlled and is approx. 500 -
1000 mL/day.
What factors can impact insensible water loss? Loss increases greatly during:
Thyroid crisis
Trauma
Burns
States of extreme stress
Fever
also, when environment is hot and dry
