SOCIOLOGY 1301 FINAL EXAM | 248 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
Who coined the term Sociology Answer - Auguste Comte. Founding father of
sociology
What do Durkheim, Marx, and Webster have in common? Answer - Their
collective interest in explaining the ever present misery lurking within modern
society
What are the steps in the research process Answer - 1. observation
2. hypothesis testing
3 analysis of data
4 generalization
What is the Hawthorne effect Answer - An effect first discovered while
observing work groups. The work groups increased their productivity as soon
as they knew they were being watched. (work harder when watched)
People who deviate from the binary system of gender are refered to as?
Answer - transgendered
What is miscegenation Answer - The mixing of different racial groups through
marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations.
,Arlie Hoschild's study of the effect of speed up of families. Answer - Created
the second shift theory. When a mother comes home after a long day at work
she comes home to her "second shift" of mother chores= role conflict
Symbolic interactionism Answer - most likely to focus on communication
between husband and wife
What is conflict theory? Answer - A theoretical perspective that emphasizes
the role of power and coercion in producing social order.
What are norms? Answer - Specific cultural expectations for how to behave in
a given situation.
What are the two types of norms stated by William Summer Answer -
Folkways- general standards of behavior adhered to by a group
Mores- strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior
What is the strictest form of norms Answer - Taboos
What is role? Answer - Expected behavior associated with a given status in
society
What is a primary group? Answer - Groups consisting of intimate, face to face
interaction and relatively long lasting relationships
Who introduced primary groups? Answer - Charles Horton Cooley
, What is participant observation? Answer - sociological research technique in
which the researcher becomes both the participant and the observer of what
he or she studies.
What is the looking glass self? Answer - explains how a person conception of
self arises through considering our relationship to others
What is the purpose of a deterrent? Answer - For criminals to not want to
repeat a crime.
What is differential association? Answer - Interprets deviance including
criminal behavior, as behavior one learns through interactions with others.
What theory is differential association associated with? Answer - Symbolic
interaction theory
What is institutional racism? Answer - Form of racism where the negative
treatment and oppression of one racial of ethnic group by society's existing
institutions based on the presume inferiority of the oppressed group
How does Durkheim view institutional racism? Answer - Racism exists at the
social structure level rather than the individual level
What is ethnicity? Answer - group of people that share a certain culture
What is discrimination? Answer - Overt negative and unequal treatment of the
members of some social group or stratum solely because of their membership
in that group or stratum.
ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
Who coined the term Sociology Answer - Auguste Comte. Founding father of
sociology
What do Durkheim, Marx, and Webster have in common? Answer - Their
collective interest in explaining the ever present misery lurking within modern
society
What are the steps in the research process Answer - 1. observation
2. hypothesis testing
3 analysis of data
4 generalization
What is the Hawthorne effect Answer - An effect first discovered while
observing work groups. The work groups increased their productivity as soon
as they knew they were being watched. (work harder when watched)
People who deviate from the binary system of gender are refered to as?
Answer - transgendered
What is miscegenation Answer - The mixing of different racial groups through
marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations.
,Arlie Hoschild's study of the effect of speed up of families. Answer - Created
the second shift theory. When a mother comes home after a long day at work
she comes home to her "second shift" of mother chores= role conflict
Symbolic interactionism Answer - most likely to focus on communication
between husband and wife
What is conflict theory? Answer - A theoretical perspective that emphasizes
the role of power and coercion in producing social order.
What are norms? Answer - Specific cultural expectations for how to behave in
a given situation.
What are the two types of norms stated by William Summer Answer -
Folkways- general standards of behavior adhered to by a group
Mores- strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior
What is the strictest form of norms Answer - Taboos
What is role? Answer - Expected behavior associated with a given status in
society
What is a primary group? Answer - Groups consisting of intimate, face to face
interaction and relatively long lasting relationships
Who introduced primary groups? Answer - Charles Horton Cooley
, What is participant observation? Answer - sociological research technique in
which the researcher becomes both the participant and the observer of what
he or she studies.
What is the looking glass self? Answer - explains how a person conception of
self arises through considering our relationship to others
What is the purpose of a deterrent? Answer - For criminals to not want to
repeat a crime.
What is differential association? Answer - Interprets deviance including
criminal behavior, as behavior one learns through interactions with others.
What theory is differential association associated with? Answer - Symbolic
interaction theory
What is institutional racism? Answer - Form of racism where the negative
treatment and oppression of one racial of ethnic group by society's existing
institutions based on the presume inferiority of the oppressed group
How does Durkheim view institutional racism? Answer - Racism exists at the
social structure level rather than the individual level
What is ethnicity? Answer - group of people that share a certain culture
What is discrimination? Answer - Overt negative and unequal treatment of the
members of some social group or stratum solely because of their membership
in that group or stratum.
