NR 507 Week 1-4 Midterm Exams NR
507 Adv Pathophysiology Actual Week 1
4 Midterm Exam Complete 1- 100 Exam
Questions With Correct Answers Graded
A+
answers- Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory
response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma answers- coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) answers- -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity
and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles answers- smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that become
the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles answers- innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria answers- the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria answers- embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
, purpose of the lamina propria answers- white blood cells are present to help protect the
airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma answers- the WBCs
protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that damages
host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain answers- columnar epithelial
ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain answers- smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do answers- control the airways ability
to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation answers- When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like it
should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air
inside
how does hyperinflation occur? answers- the ongoing inflammatory process of asthma
produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar answers- -expanded thorax and hypercapnia
(retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma answers- tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? answers- These drugs block the effects of the
parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma answers- the parasympathetic system is
stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic
receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
bronchitis answers- inflammation of the bronchial tubes
3 characteristics of bronchitis answers- bronchial inflammation
hypersecretion of mucus
507 Adv Pathophysiology Actual Week 1
4 Midterm Exam Complete 1- 100 Exam
Questions With Correct Answers Graded
A+
answers- Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory
response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma answers- coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) answers- -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity
and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles answers- smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that become
the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles answers- innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria answers- the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria answers- embedded with connective tissue cells and
immune cells
, purpose of the lamina propria answers- white blood cells are present to help protect the
airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma answers- the WBCs
protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that damages
host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain answers- columnar epithelial
ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain answers- smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do answers- control the airways ability
to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation answers- When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like it
should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air
inside
how does hyperinflation occur? answers- the ongoing inflammatory process of asthma
produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar answers- -expanded thorax and hypercapnia
(retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma answers- tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? answers- These drugs block the effects of the
parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma answers- the parasympathetic system is
stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic
receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
bronchitis answers- inflammation of the bronchial tubes
3 characteristics of bronchitis answers- bronchial inflammation
hypersecretion of mucus
