PSY 2012 EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-4) VERIFIED 100% CORRECT.
Psychology - (ANSWER)The scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior
ABC's of Psychology - (ANSWER)Affect- What we feel
Behavior- What we do
Cognitions- What we think
Structuralism - (ANSWER)Wundt and Titchener
Identify basic elements of the conscious experience through introspection
However, important aspects of human psychology occur outside of conscious experience
Functionalism - (ANSWER)William James
Understand the adaptive purposes of psychological characteristics and why it has caused us to be able
to survive
Natural selection (Darwin)- survival and reproduction
Behaviorism - (ANSWER)Watson, Skinner, and Thorndike
Uncover the laws of learning by looking at observable behavior and being able to take measurements
and collect date
-conditioning
-rewards and punishments
Cognitivism - (ANSWER)Piaget
Thinking affects behavior
Interpretation of rewards and punishments determines behavior
Ex: Would you run up and dow the aisle in front class for $1 vs $100?
,PSY 2012 EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-4) VERIFIED 100% CORRECT.
Ex: Teaching children what to do and what not to do
Psychoanalysis - (ANSWER)Freud
Internal psychological processes of which were unaware
Ex: Someone says red and another word automatically pops into your head (like apple)
The role of childhood experiences shape your responses
Clinical psychologist - (ANSWER)Perform assessments, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders
Counseling - (ANSWER)Work with people experiencing temporary of self-contained problems
Ex: Marital or occupational difficulties
School psychologist - (ANSWER)Assess and develop intervention programs
Developmental psychologist - (ANSWER)Study why and how people change over time
-Most work with infants and children
Experimental psychologist (social/cognitive) - (ANSWER)Use sophisticated research methods to study
memory language thinking and social behavior of humans
Bio-psychologist - (ANSWER)Examine physiological bases of behavior
Forensics psychologist - (ANSWER)Assess, diagnose, and assist with rehabilitation and treatment of
prison inmates
Basic research - (ANSWER)Acquisition of knowledge for knowledge sake
Increase understanding of fundamental principles
, PSY 2012 EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-4) VERIFIED 100% CORRECT.
Applied research - (ANSWER)Answers specific questions aimed at solving practical problems
Common sense is useful in psychology - (ANSWER)Serves as a mental shortcut
Learn when to and when not to trust your common sense
Levels of analysis - (ANSWER)Molecular (smallest element)(Bottom rung)
Neurochemical
Physiological
Mental
Behavioral
Social (largest element) (Top rung)
Levels of analysis - (ANSWER)-Psychology spans multiple levels of analysis
-Like rungs on a ladder
-Lower levels tied to biological influences
-Higher levels tied to social influences
-We can't just examine one level- you must use them all
-Each level tells something different
Challenge: Human behavior is difficult to predict - (ANSWER)Actions are produced by many factors
We should be skeptical of attempts to explain complex behaviors with a single casual factor
Challenge: psychological influences are rarely independent of each other - (ANSWER)Ex: Anorexia
Nervosa, anxiety, compulsive exercise, perfectionism, excessive concern with body image, TV exposure
to programs that feature thin models
Challenge: People display individual differences in thinking, emotion, and personality -
(ANSWER)Variations among people in their thinking, emotions, personality, or behavior
Help explain why people respond differently to the same situation
Psychology - (ANSWER)The scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior
ABC's of Psychology - (ANSWER)Affect- What we feel
Behavior- What we do
Cognitions- What we think
Structuralism - (ANSWER)Wundt and Titchener
Identify basic elements of the conscious experience through introspection
However, important aspects of human psychology occur outside of conscious experience
Functionalism - (ANSWER)William James
Understand the adaptive purposes of psychological characteristics and why it has caused us to be able
to survive
Natural selection (Darwin)- survival and reproduction
Behaviorism - (ANSWER)Watson, Skinner, and Thorndike
Uncover the laws of learning by looking at observable behavior and being able to take measurements
and collect date
-conditioning
-rewards and punishments
Cognitivism - (ANSWER)Piaget
Thinking affects behavior
Interpretation of rewards and punishments determines behavior
Ex: Would you run up and dow the aisle in front class for $1 vs $100?
,PSY 2012 EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-4) VERIFIED 100% CORRECT.
Ex: Teaching children what to do and what not to do
Psychoanalysis - (ANSWER)Freud
Internal psychological processes of which were unaware
Ex: Someone says red and another word automatically pops into your head (like apple)
The role of childhood experiences shape your responses
Clinical psychologist - (ANSWER)Perform assessments, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders
Counseling - (ANSWER)Work with people experiencing temporary of self-contained problems
Ex: Marital or occupational difficulties
School psychologist - (ANSWER)Assess and develop intervention programs
Developmental psychologist - (ANSWER)Study why and how people change over time
-Most work with infants and children
Experimental psychologist (social/cognitive) - (ANSWER)Use sophisticated research methods to study
memory language thinking and social behavior of humans
Bio-psychologist - (ANSWER)Examine physiological bases of behavior
Forensics psychologist - (ANSWER)Assess, diagnose, and assist with rehabilitation and treatment of
prison inmates
Basic research - (ANSWER)Acquisition of knowledge for knowledge sake
Increase understanding of fundamental principles
, PSY 2012 EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-4) VERIFIED 100% CORRECT.
Applied research - (ANSWER)Answers specific questions aimed at solving practical problems
Common sense is useful in psychology - (ANSWER)Serves as a mental shortcut
Learn when to and when not to trust your common sense
Levels of analysis - (ANSWER)Molecular (smallest element)(Bottom rung)
Neurochemical
Physiological
Mental
Behavioral
Social (largest element) (Top rung)
Levels of analysis - (ANSWER)-Psychology spans multiple levels of analysis
-Like rungs on a ladder
-Lower levels tied to biological influences
-Higher levels tied to social influences
-We can't just examine one level- you must use them all
-Each level tells something different
Challenge: Human behavior is difficult to predict - (ANSWER)Actions are produced by many factors
We should be skeptical of attempts to explain complex behaviors with a single casual factor
Challenge: psychological influences are rarely independent of each other - (ANSWER)Ex: Anorexia
Nervosa, anxiety, compulsive exercise, perfectionism, excessive concern with body image, TV exposure
to programs that feature thin models
Challenge: People display individual differences in thinking, emotion, and personality -
(ANSWER)Variations among people in their thinking, emotions, personality, or behavior
Help explain why people respond differently to the same situation
