AP Psychology Objective Assessment Guide Exam
Questions and Already graded Solutions and Assured
Satisfactions 2025/2026
Bipolar Cells - correct answer Connect rods/cones to ganglion cells
Ganglion Cells - correct answer Where opponent-processing occurs
Blind Spot - correct answer Occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye
Feature Detectors - correct answer Specialized cells that can see motion,
shapes, lines, etc
Experiments by Hubel and Weisel
Trichromatic Theory - correct answer Young-Helmholtz Theory
Three types of cones in the eye: red, blue, and green
The three cones can make millions of combinations of colors
Explains color blindness
Opponent-Process Theory - correct answer The sensory receptors come in
pairs (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)
Explains afterimages
Visual Capture - correct answer The visual system overwhelms all others
Perceptual Constancy - correct answer Recognize that objects do not
physically change shape despite changes in sensory input
,Phi Phenomenon - correct answer Illusion of movement created when two
or more lights next to each other blink on or off in succession
Stroboscopic Effect - correct answer A rapid series of slightly varying
images perceived as a moving image
Interposition - correct answer Monocular Cue
Overlapping images appear closer
Relative Size - correct answer Monocular Cue
2 objects that are similar in size, the smaller one is further away
Relative Clarity - correct answer Monocular Cue
Hazy images appear farther away
Texture Gradient - correct answer Monocular Cue
Coarser objects appear closer
Relative Height - correct answer Monocular Cue
Things higher in our field of vision appear farther away
Linear Perspective - correct answer Monocular Cue
Parallel lines converge with distance
Retinal Disparity - correct answer Binocular Cue
,As an object comes closer to us, the differences in the images for our eyes
becomes greater
Uses both eyes and sends messages to the brain to determine how close the
object is
Convergence - correct answer Binocular Cue
As an object comes closer, our eyes have to come together
Top-Down Processing - correct answer Information processing guided by
"higher level" mental processes
Associated with perception
"second"
Bottom-Up Processing - correct answer Processing begins with sense
receptors and works "up" to the brain
Associated with sensation
"First"
Auditory System - correct answer Pathway of Sound: sound -> pinna ->
auditory canal -> ear drum (tympanic membrane) -> Hammer, anvil, stirrup ->
oval window -> cochlea -> auditory nerve -> temporal lobes
Outer Ear - correct answer Pinna (ear)
Auditory Canal
Middle Ear - correct answer Ear Drum
Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup
, Inner Ear - correct answer Cochlea (where sounds are processed)
Place Theory - correct answer The location where the hair cells bend
determines the sound
Best explains high pitches
Frequency Theory - correct answer The rate at which action potentials are
sent determines the sound
All hairs vibrate, just at different speeds
Explains low pitches
Touch - correct answer Mechanoreceptors -> spinal cord -> thalamus ->
somatosensory cortex
Gate Control Theory - correct answer We have a "gate" to control how
much pain is experienced
Spinal cord blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain
Kinesthetic Sense - correct answer Sense of body position
Tells us where our body parts are
Vestibular Sense - correct answer Sense of balance
Tells us where our body is oriented in space
Semicircular canals in the inner ear affect this
Taste (gustation) - correct answer 5 taste receptors: bitter, salty, sweet,,
sour, umami (savory)
Taste buds are located on papillae
Questions and Already graded Solutions and Assured
Satisfactions 2025/2026
Bipolar Cells - correct answer Connect rods/cones to ganglion cells
Ganglion Cells - correct answer Where opponent-processing occurs
Blind Spot - correct answer Occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye
Feature Detectors - correct answer Specialized cells that can see motion,
shapes, lines, etc
Experiments by Hubel and Weisel
Trichromatic Theory - correct answer Young-Helmholtz Theory
Three types of cones in the eye: red, blue, and green
The three cones can make millions of combinations of colors
Explains color blindness
Opponent-Process Theory - correct answer The sensory receptors come in
pairs (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)
Explains afterimages
Visual Capture - correct answer The visual system overwhelms all others
Perceptual Constancy - correct answer Recognize that objects do not
physically change shape despite changes in sensory input
,Phi Phenomenon - correct answer Illusion of movement created when two
or more lights next to each other blink on or off in succession
Stroboscopic Effect - correct answer A rapid series of slightly varying
images perceived as a moving image
Interposition - correct answer Monocular Cue
Overlapping images appear closer
Relative Size - correct answer Monocular Cue
2 objects that are similar in size, the smaller one is further away
Relative Clarity - correct answer Monocular Cue
Hazy images appear farther away
Texture Gradient - correct answer Monocular Cue
Coarser objects appear closer
Relative Height - correct answer Monocular Cue
Things higher in our field of vision appear farther away
Linear Perspective - correct answer Monocular Cue
Parallel lines converge with distance
Retinal Disparity - correct answer Binocular Cue
,As an object comes closer to us, the differences in the images for our eyes
becomes greater
Uses both eyes and sends messages to the brain to determine how close the
object is
Convergence - correct answer Binocular Cue
As an object comes closer, our eyes have to come together
Top-Down Processing - correct answer Information processing guided by
"higher level" mental processes
Associated with perception
"second"
Bottom-Up Processing - correct answer Processing begins with sense
receptors and works "up" to the brain
Associated with sensation
"First"
Auditory System - correct answer Pathway of Sound: sound -> pinna ->
auditory canal -> ear drum (tympanic membrane) -> Hammer, anvil, stirrup ->
oval window -> cochlea -> auditory nerve -> temporal lobes
Outer Ear - correct answer Pinna (ear)
Auditory Canal
Middle Ear - correct answer Ear Drum
Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup
, Inner Ear - correct answer Cochlea (where sounds are processed)
Place Theory - correct answer The location where the hair cells bend
determines the sound
Best explains high pitches
Frequency Theory - correct answer The rate at which action potentials are
sent determines the sound
All hairs vibrate, just at different speeds
Explains low pitches
Touch - correct answer Mechanoreceptors -> spinal cord -> thalamus ->
somatosensory cortex
Gate Control Theory - correct answer We have a "gate" to control how
much pain is experienced
Spinal cord blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain
Kinesthetic Sense - correct answer Sense of body position
Tells us where our body parts are
Vestibular Sense - correct answer Sense of balance
Tells us where our body is oriented in space
Semicircular canals in the inner ear affect this
Taste (gustation) - correct answer 5 taste receptors: bitter, salty, sweet,,
sour, umami (savory)
Taste buds are located on papillae
