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ATI - Med Surg Practice Questions
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has
osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse in
the teaching?
a) "Place throw rugs on wooden floors at home. "
b) "Supplement your diet with vitamin E."
c) "Swim laps for 20 minutes twice per week."
d) "Take calcium supplements with meals." - -Correct answer-d)
"Take calcium supplements with meals." (The nurse should instruct
the client to take calcium carbonate supplements with or following
meals to increase absorption and effectiveness.)
2. A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is taking
digoxin. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify
as increasing the risk for the client to develop digoxin toxicity?
a) Potassium chloride
b) Famotidine
c) Levothyroxine
d) Furosemide - -Correct answer-d) Furosemide (The nurse should
identify that loop diuretics, such as furosemide, increase the urinary
excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia
increases the risk for the development of digoxin toxicity.)
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3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with an
adult client who weighs 45.4 kg (100 lb.). Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a) "I should insert the needle at a 90-degree angle."
b) "I should give my shot in my belly tissue."
c) "I will pull back on the syringe plunger to look for blood before I
push the medication in."
d) "I will use the side of my hand to pull my skin to the side prior to
administering the insulin." - -Correct answer-b) "I should give my
shot in my belly tissue."
4. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a
mechanical mitral valve replacement. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a) "I will notify my dentist about this procedure."
b) "I will take an enteric-coated aspirin daily."
c) "I will use a firm-bristled toothbrush."
d) "I will weigh myself once a week." - -Correct answer-a) "I will
notify my dentist about this procedure." (The nurse should instruct
the client to notify his dentist about the mechanical mitral valve
replacement before any procedures so antibiotic therapy can be
initiated to reduce the risk of endocardial infection.)
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record for an older adult client
who is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Based on the client data,
which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Click on the
"Exhibit" button for additional client information. There are three
tabs that contain separate categories of data.) View the Exhibit
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Exhibit 1 Exhibit 2 Exhibit 3 Diagnosis Results Sodium 142 mEq/
Potassium 4.2 mEq/L BUN 36 mg/dL Creatinine 1.4 mg/dL Nurses'
Notes 1200: Alert and oriented x3 Lungs clear to auscultation
Decreased skin turgor Dry mucous membranes Graphic Record
Temperature 0800: 37.7° C (99.9° F) 1200: 37.2° C (99.0° F) Pulse
0800: 96/min 1200:105/min Respiratory rate 0800: 18/min 1200:
20/min Blood pressure 0800; 118/62 mmHg 1200: 104/65 mm Hg
a) Encourage the client to ambulate.
b) Administer an antipyretic medication.
c) Notify the charge nurse of the client's BUN level
d) Keep the temperature i - -Correct answer-c) Notify the charge
nurse of the client's BUN level (The client's BUN level is above the
expected reference range of 10 to 20 mg/dL, which indicates
dehydration and impaired renal function. The nurse should notify the
charge nurse of this finding and anticipate interventions to restore
the client's fluid volume.)
6. A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based
precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to assistive
personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? (Select all that apply).
a) "Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
d) "Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
e) "Wear a face mask when in the client's room." - -Correct answer-a)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
(Clients who have C. difficile require contact precautions, which
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include using disposable utensils and dishes during meals to prevent
exposure to contaminants by others.)
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room." (When
using contact precautions, the health care staff should dedicate
equipment to single-client use to prevent transmission of the
pathogen.)
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution." (The health
care staff should use a bleach solution to clean equipment to prevent
transmission of the pathogen.)
7. A nurse is admitting a client who is suspected having active
tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first? (chap. 20)
a) Administer antituberculosis medication.
b) Institute airborne precautions.
c) Obtain sputum cultures.
d) Auscultate breath sounds. - -Correct answer-b) Institute airborne
precautions. (The greatest risk from this client is transmitting TB to
staff and other clients. Therefore, the first action the nurse should
take is to implement airborne precautions.)
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has a
Jackson-Pratt drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
a) Fill the bulb reservoir with 0.9% sodium chloride.
b) Allow the Jackson-Pratt drain to hang freely.
c) Cut a slit in a gauze sponge and apply it around the tubing
insertion site.
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ATI - Med Surg Practice Questions
1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has
osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse in
the teaching?
a) "Place throw rugs on wooden floors at home. "
b) "Supplement your diet with vitamin E."
c) "Swim laps for 20 minutes twice per week."
d) "Take calcium supplements with meals." - -Correct answer-d)
"Take calcium supplements with meals." (The nurse should instruct
the client to take calcium carbonate supplements with or following
meals to increase absorption and effectiveness.)
2. A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is taking
digoxin. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify
as increasing the risk for the client to develop digoxin toxicity?
a) Potassium chloride
b) Famotidine
c) Levothyroxine
d) Furosemide - -Correct answer-d) Furosemide (The nurse should
identify that loop diuretics, such as furosemide, increase the urinary
excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia
increases the risk for the development of digoxin toxicity.)
1
, 2
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with an
adult client who weighs 45.4 kg (100 lb.). Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a) "I should insert the needle at a 90-degree angle."
b) "I should give my shot in my belly tissue."
c) "I will pull back on the syringe plunger to look for blood before I
push the medication in."
d) "I will use the side of my hand to pull my skin to the side prior to
administering the insulin." - -Correct answer-b) "I should give my
shot in my belly tissue."
4. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a
mechanical mitral valve replacement. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a) "I will notify my dentist about this procedure."
b) "I will take an enteric-coated aspirin daily."
c) "I will use a firm-bristled toothbrush."
d) "I will weigh myself once a week." - -Correct answer-a) "I will
notify my dentist about this procedure." (The nurse should instruct
the client to notify his dentist about the mechanical mitral valve
replacement before any procedures so antibiotic therapy can be
initiated to reduce the risk of endocardial infection.)
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record for an older adult client
who is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Based on the client data,
which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Click on the
"Exhibit" button for additional client information. There are three
tabs that contain separate categories of data.) View the Exhibit
2
, 3
Exhibit 1 Exhibit 2 Exhibit 3 Diagnosis Results Sodium 142 mEq/
Potassium 4.2 mEq/L BUN 36 mg/dL Creatinine 1.4 mg/dL Nurses'
Notes 1200: Alert and oriented x3 Lungs clear to auscultation
Decreased skin turgor Dry mucous membranes Graphic Record
Temperature 0800: 37.7° C (99.9° F) 1200: 37.2° C (99.0° F) Pulse
0800: 96/min 1200:105/min Respiratory rate 0800: 18/min 1200:
20/min Blood pressure 0800; 118/62 mmHg 1200: 104/65 mm Hg
a) Encourage the client to ambulate.
b) Administer an antipyretic medication.
c) Notify the charge nurse of the client's BUN level
d) Keep the temperature i - -Correct answer-c) Notify the charge
nurse of the client's BUN level (The client's BUN level is above the
expected reference range of 10 to 20 mg/dL, which indicates
dehydration and impaired renal function. The nurse should notify the
charge nurse of this finding and anticipate interventions to restore
the client's fluid volume.)
6. A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based
precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to assistive
personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? (Select all that apply).
a) "Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
d) "Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
e) "Wear a face mask when in the client's room." - -Correct answer-a)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
(Clients who have C. difficile require contact precautions, which
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, 4
include using disposable utensils and dishes during meals to prevent
exposure to contaminants by others.)
b) "Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room." (When
using contact precautions, the health care staff should dedicate
equipment to single-client use to prevent transmission of the
pathogen.)
c) "Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution." (The health
care staff should use a bleach solution to clean equipment to prevent
transmission of the pathogen.)
7. A nurse is admitting a client who is suspected having active
tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first? (chap. 20)
a) Administer antituberculosis medication.
b) Institute airborne precautions.
c) Obtain sputum cultures.
d) Auscultate breath sounds. - -Correct answer-b) Institute airborne
precautions. (The greatest risk from this client is transmitting TB to
staff and other clients. Therefore, the first action the nurse should
take is to implement airborne precautions.)
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has a
Jackson-Pratt drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
a) Fill the bulb reservoir with 0.9% sodium chloride.
b) Allow the Jackson-Pratt drain to hang freely.
c) Cut a slit in a gauze sponge and apply it around the tubing
insertion site.
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