QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE SOLUTION
ACCURATE ANSWERS VERIFIED PREP
MATERIAL GRADED A+
⩥ Domain-Referenced Interpretation. Answer: Assessment results are
interpreted in terms of a relevant and clearly defined set of related tasks
(called a domain). Meaning is similar to criterion-referenced
interpretation but the term is less used, even though it is a more
descriptive term.
⩥ Content-Referenced Interpretation. Answer: Essentially the same
meaning as domain-referenced interpretation when the content domain is
broadly defined to include tasks representing both content and process
(i.e., reactions to the content). This term is declining in use and being
replaced by criterion-referenced interpretation.
⩥ Objective-Referenced Interpretation. Answer: Assessment results are
interpreted in terms of each specific objective that a set of test items
represents. This is frequently called criterion-referenced interpretation,
but the more limited designation is preferable where interpretation is
limited to each separate objective.
⩥ Norm-Referenced Interpretation. Answer: Principal Use-Survey
testing.
,Major Emphasis-Measures individual differences in achievement.
Interpretation of Results-Compares performance to that of other
individuals.
Content Coverage-Typically covers a broad area of achievement.
Nature of Test Plan-Table of specifications is commonly used.
Item Selection Procedures-Items are selected that provide maximum
discrimination among individuals (to obtain a reliable ranking). Easy
items are typically eliminated from the test.
Performance Standards-Level of performance is determined by relative
position in some known group (e.g., ranks fifth in a group of 20).
according to relative position in some known group
a test or other type of assessment designed to provide a measure of
performance that is interpretable in terms of an individual's relative
standing in some known group.
⩥ Criterion-Referenced Interpretation. Answer: Principal Use-Mastery
testing.
Major Emphasis-Describes tasks students can perform.
Interpretation of Results-Compares performance to a clearly specified
achievement domain.
Content Coverage-Typically focuses on a limited set of learning tasks.
Nature of Test Plan-Detailed domain specifications are favored.
Item Selection Procedures-Includes all items needed to adequately
describe performance. No attempt is made to alter item difficulty or to
eliminate easy items to increase the spread of scores.
, Performance Standards-Level of performance is commonly determined
by absolute standards (e.g., demonstrates mastery by defining 90 percent
of the technical terms).
according to a specified domain of clearly fined learning tasks
a test or other type of assessment designed to provide a measure of
performance that is interpretable in terms of a clearly defined and
delimited domain of learning tasks.
Other terms that are less often used but have meanings similar to
criterion referenced:
standards based
objective referenced
content referenced
domain referenced
universe referenced.
⩥ Supply Response. Answer: are higher in realism and the complexity of
tasks they can measure (e.g., ability to originate, integrate, and express
ideas) than selected-response tests, but they are more time consuming to
use and more difficult to score. (students are supply the response: short
answer items and essay items)
⩥ Standard. Answer: a broad statement that describes what students
should learn. Provide the framework for curriculum development.