TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Critical thinking is characteristically. Answer: self-directed,
self-disciplined,
self-monitored,
self-corrective
◉ Stereotype. Answer: A fixed or a oversimplified conception of a
person, group, or idea
◉ Egocentrism. Answer: the tendency to view everything in
relationship to oneself
◉ Sociocentrism. Answer: assumption that one's own social group is
inherently superior to all others
◉ First-order thinking (ordinary thinking). Answer: Spontaneous
and non-reflective, contains insight, prejudice, good and bad
reasoning
,◉ Second-order thinking (critical thinking). Answer: First-order
thinking that is consciously realized (i.e., analyzed, assessed, and
reconstructed)
◉ Weak sense critical thinkers. Answer: Ignore the flaws in their
own thinking, Often seek to win an argument through intellectual
trickery or deceit.
◉ Strong sense critical thinkers. Answer: Consistent pursuit of what
is intellectually fair and just, strive to be ethical
◉ Fair mindedness. Answer: The commitment to consider al
relevant opinions equally without regards to one's own sentiments
or selfish interests.
◉ Intellectual unfairness. Answer: Feel no responsibility to
represent viewpoints with which they disagree fairly and accurately
◉ Intelectual humility. Answer: Commitment to discovering the
extent of one's own ignorance on any issue
◉ Intellectual arrogance. Answer: Overestimation of how much one
knows
,◉ Intellectual Courage. Answer: Confronting ideas, viewpoints, or
beliefs with fairness, even when doing so is painful
◉ Intellectual cowardice. Answer: Fear of ideas that do not conform
to one's own
◉ Intellectual Empathy. Answer: Inhabiting the perspectives of
others in order to genuinely understand them
◉ Intellectual self-centeredness. Answer: Thinking centered on self
◉ Intellectual Integrity. Answer: Holding oneself to the same
rigorous intellectual standards that one expects others to meet
◉ Intellectual dishonesty. Answer: Marked by contradictions and
inconsistencies of which the perpetrator is unconscious
◉ Intellectual Perseverance. Answer: Working one's way through
intellectual complexities despite frustrations inherent in doing so,
Not giving up when confronted by complicated problems that don't
lend themselves to easy solutions
◉ Intellectual laziness. Answer: Giving up quickly when confronted
with a tough intellectual challenge
, ◉ Confidence in Reason. Answer: Proceeds from the belief that both
the individual's and society's higher interests are best served by
unfettered reason
◉ Intellectual distrust of reason. Answer: Lack of confidence in
reason, Inclines us to assert the truth of our own beliefs, flawed
though they might be
◉ Intellectual Autonomy. Answer: Thinking for oneself while
adhering to standards of rationality
◉ Intellectual conformity. Answer: Intellectual dependence, Society
rewards conformity of thought, which perpetuates the status quo
(political, economic, or intellectual), while providing scant incentive
for true intellectual autonomy
◉ Tactics for the beginning critical thinker. Answer: Use "wasted"
time,
Handle one problem per day,
Internalize intellectual standards,
Keep an intellectual journal,
Practice intellectual strategies,
Reshape your character,