HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
PRACTICE CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ humans can survive most easily without which of the following?.
Answer: gallbladder
◍ what is the shaft of a bone called?.
Answer: diaphysis
◍ WHERE ARE THE PRESSORECEPTORS AND CHEMORECEPTORS
(SPECIALIZED SENSORY NERVES THAT ASSIST WITH THE
REGULATION OF CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION) LOCATED?
A. CIRCLE OF WILLIS
B. CEREBRAL ARTERIES
C. ABDOMINAL AORTA
D. CAROTID BODY.
Answer: CAROTID BODY
◍ WHICH MINERAL HELPS TO MAINTAIN FLUID BALANCE IN THE
BODY?
A. POTASSIUM
B. COBALT
C. CHROMIUM
D. SULFUR.
Answer: POTASSIUM
◍ what type of bone is the patella?.
Answer: sesamoid
◍ WHICH KINDS OF MUSCLES ARE INVOLVED IN PERISTALSIS?
A. SMOOTH MUSCLES
, B. CARDIAC MUSCLES
C. SKELETAL MUSCLES
D. EPAXIAL MUSCLES.
Answer: SMOOTH MUSCLES
◍ estrogen serves what primary function in the female reproductive system?.
Answer: it initiates the preparation of the endometrium
◍ MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS THAT NORMALLY MOVE FOOD
ALONG THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ARE KNOWN AS
________________.
A. DEFECATION
B. OSMOSIS
C. PERISTALSIS
D. CIRCULATION.
Answer: PERISTALSIS
◍ THE HYPOTHALAMUS IS PART OF THE _______________.
A. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
B. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
C. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
D. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.
Answer: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
◍ which pair of hormones regulates blood calcium homeostasis?.
Answer: parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
◍ which blood vessel returns blood from the systemic circuit to the heart?.
Answer: superior vena cava
◍ WHICH ORGAN SYSTEM IS PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR
REGULATING MUSCLE GROWTH?
A. SKELETAL SYSTEM
B. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
C. NERVOUS SYSTEM
D. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.
, Answer: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
◍ which organelles are hair-like extensions that move substances over a cell's
surface?.
Answer: cilia
◍ WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF AMYLASE?
A. BREAKING DOWN STARCH
B. DIGESTING FAT
C. BREAKING DOWN PROTEIN
D. ABSORBING WATER.
Answer: BREAKING DOWN STARCH
◍ WHAT CONDITION MIGHT RESULT FROM LACK OF VITAMIN C?
A. KWASHIORKOR
B. PELLAGRA
C. RICKETS
D. SCURVY.
Answer: SCURVY
◍ WHAT IS THE ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN THE FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
A. STIMULATES OVULATION
B. CONVERSION OF THE FOLLICLE TO THE CORPUS LUTEUM
C. STIMULATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
D. STIMULATES THE START OF MENSTRUATION.
Answer: STIMULATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
ENDOMETRIUM
◍ TESTICULAR ACTIVITY IS UNDER THE CONTROL OF WHICH
HORMONE?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. GH
D. BOTH FSH AND LH.
Answer: BOTH FSH AND LH
PRACTICE CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ humans can survive most easily without which of the following?.
Answer: gallbladder
◍ what is the shaft of a bone called?.
Answer: diaphysis
◍ WHERE ARE THE PRESSORECEPTORS AND CHEMORECEPTORS
(SPECIALIZED SENSORY NERVES THAT ASSIST WITH THE
REGULATION OF CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION) LOCATED?
A. CIRCLE OF WILLIS
B. CEREBRAL ARTERIES
C. ABDOMINAL AORTA
D. CAROTID BODY.
Answer: CAROTID BODY
◍ WHICH MINERAL HELPS TO MAINTAIN FLUID BALANCE IN THE
BODY?
A. POTASSIUM
B. COBALT
C. CHROMIUM
D. SULFUR.
Answer: POTASSIUM
◍ what type of bone is the patella?.
Answer: sesamoid
◍ WHICH KINDS OF MUSCLES ARE INVOLVED IN PERISTALSIS?
A. SMOOTH MUSCLES
, B. CARDIAC MUSCLES
C. SKELETAL MUSCLES
D. EPAXIAL MUSCLES.
Answer: SMOOTH MUSCLES
◍ estrogen serves what primary function in the female reproductive system?.
Answer: it initiates the preparation of the endometrium
◍ MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS THAT NORMALLY MOVE FOOD
ALONG THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ARE KNOWN AS
________________.
A. DEFECATION
B. OSMOSIS
C. PERISTALSIS
D. CIRCULATION.
Answer: PERISTALSIS
◍ THE HYPOTHALAMUS IS PART OF THE _______________.
A. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
B. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
C. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
D. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.
Answer: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
◍ which pair of hormones regulates blood calcium homeostasis?.
Answer: parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
◍ which blood vessel returns blood from the systemic circuit to the heart?.
Answer: superior vena cava
◍ WHICH ORGAN SYSTEM IS PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR
REGULATING MUSCLE GROWTH?
A. SKELETAL SYSTEM
B. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
C. NERVOUS SYSTEM
D. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.
, Answer: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
◍ which organelles are hair-like extensions that move substances over a cell's
surface?.
Answer: cilia
◍ WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF AMYLASE?
A. BREAKING DOWN STARCH
B. DIGESTING FAT
C. BREAKING DOWN PROTEIN
D. ABSORBING WATER.
Answer: BREAKING DOWN STARCH
◍ WHAT CONDITION MIGHT RESULT FROM LACK OF VITAMIN C?
A. KWASHIORKOR
B. PELLAGRA
C. RICKETS
D. SCURVY.
Answer: SCURVY
◍ WHAT IS THE ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN THE FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
A. STIMULATES OVULATION
B. CONVERSION OF THE FOLLICLE TO THE CORPUS LUTEUM
C. STIMULATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
D. STIMULATES THE START OF MENSTRUATION.
Answer: STIMULATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
ENDOMETRIUM
◍ TESTICULAR ACTIVITY IS UNDER THE CONTROL OF WHICH
HORMONE?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. GH
D. BOTH FSH AND LH.
Answer: BOTH FSH AND LH
