Which statement is the most inclusive definition of a risk factor?
Something that increases a person's chances of developing a disease
Pollutants in the environment
Choices someone makes about how they live their life
A genetic alteration that can negatively impact someone's health - ANSWER Something
that increases a person's chances of developing a disease
RATIONALE: The most inclusive definition of a risk factor is something that increases a per-
son's chances of developing a disease.
Risk factors can be genetic, environmental, lifestyle choices, or a combination of them. Un-
derstanding risk factors and taking steps to limit their impact on health helps prevent the
disease or lessen the impact of disease on health.
Which are better steps to health? Select all that apply.
Eat 5 to 10 servings of vegetables and fruit daily.
Visit your healthcare provider if you notice any change in your normal state of health.
Be physically active on a regular basis.
Smoke a pack of cigarettes daily.
Follow cancer screening guidelines.
Follow safety instructions at home when using, storing, and disposing of hazardous materi-
als.
Protect yourself and your family from the sun. - ANSWER All these things can make any-
one healthy except for smoking. To maintain your health, you should be a non-smoker and
avoid secondhand smoke.
1
,For each listed item below, click to specify if it is a body system or pathophysiological pro-
cess.
Neurologic
Immunity
Oxygenation
Hematological
Tissue integrity - ANSWER Neurologic- BODY SYSTEM
Immunity- PATHO
Oxygenation- PATHO
Hematological- BODY SYSTEM
Tissue integrity- PATHO
What benefits are gained by asking questions when someone has clinical manifestations of
altered homeostasis? Select all that apply.
A single right answer is confirmed
Evidence is located
Insight is provided
Data is collected
Assumptions are challenged - ANSWER ALL answers are correct with the exception of "A
single right answer is confirmed" (See Image)
RATIONALE: Benefits gained by asking questions of a person who may be experiencing clini-
cal manifestations of altered homeostasis include assumptions of the person asking the
questions are challenged, insight is gained about what may be causing the alteration, evi-
dence is located to support a specific pathophysiological alteration, and data is collected.
2
,Due to the complexity of the human body, it is unlikely that a single right answer can be con-
firmed as to why the person is having the clinical manifestations. Often, diagnostic tests are
needed for a diagnosis to be confirmed.
The process to determine which ____ matter most uses knowledge from ______ and an un-
derstanding of normal human anatomy and ______ and development, the ability to ask rele-
vant ________, and an attitude that ________ finding the source of the person's problem. -
ANSWER Cues
Pathophysiology
Anatomy and Physiology
Questions
Values
RATIONALE: The process to determine which cues matter most uses knowledge from patho-
physiology and an understanding of normal human anatomy and physiology, the ability to
ask relevant questions, and an attitude that values finding the source of the person's prob-
lem.
The use of knowledge from previous courses is important in both pathophysiology and the
nursing courses you will be taking. Taking the time to understand the content and commit it
to memory, rather than learning enough to pass a test, is crucial to being a successful stu-
dent and nurse.
The basic ______ processes that cause altered health are the _______. How the original
______ and symptoms differ is often related to the body of ______ involved. - ANSWER
Pathophysiological
The same
Signs and Symptoms
System
RATIONALE: The basic pathophysiological processes that cause altered health are the same.
How the signs and symptoms differ is often related to the body system involved.
3
, Think of it like this. . . Inflammation of the ankle results in redness, warmth, and swelling
that is visible and can be touched. Inflammation of the brain has the same redness, warmth,
and swelling, only it is not visible and cannot be touched.
So recognizing inflammation as the cause of a severe headache, rather than an alteration in
perfusion, is going to require a bit more knowledge, skill, and attitude of inquiry.
Based on which factors are the number and types of tests needed to confirm an alteration in
health chosen? Select all that apply. - ANSWER Condition of the person
Pathophysiologic process suspected
Cues related to body system
RATIONALE: The exact tests ordered by the healthcare provider are based on the condition
of the person seeking care, making the ability to recognize and understand cues important.
In addition, the suspected pathophysiologic process may determine which tests are needed.
The preference of the healthcare provider and ability of the person to pay for care should
not be used when providing care.
Based on Jeb's information, which steps can he take to get back to the level of health he had
before he fell? Select all that apply.
BACKGROUND:
Limps when he walks
professional mover
fell on the stairs
surgery to repair a broken leg and damage to his knee
gained 47 pounds
worsening stiffness and pain in his left knee
taking over-the-counter pain medicine, but it does not really help
no longer able to lift heavy objects
needs to take breaks more frequently
4
Something that increases a person's chances of developing a disease
Pollutants in the environment
Choices someone makes about how they live their life
A genetic alteration that can negatively impact someone's health - ANSWER Something
that increases a person's chances of developing a disease
RATIONALE: The most inclusive definition of a risk factor is something that increases a per-
son's chances of developing a disease.
Risk factors can be genetic, environmental, lifestyle choices, or a combination of them. Un-
derstanding risk factors and taking steps to limit their impact on health helps prevent the
disease or lessen the impact of disease on health.
Which are better steps to health? Select all that apply.
Eat 5 to 10 servings of vegetables and fruit daily.
Visit your healthcare provider if you notice any change in your normal state of health.
Be physically active on a regular basis.
Smoke a pack of cigarettes daily.
Follow cancer screening guidelines.
Follow safety instructions at home when using, storing, and disposing of hazardous materi-
als.
Protect yourself and your family from the sun. - ANSWER All these things can make any-
one healthy except for smoking. To maintain your health, you should be a non-smoker and
avoid secondhand smoke.
1
,For each listed item below, click to specify if it is a body system or pathophysiological pro-
cess.
Neurologic
Immunity
Oxygenation
Hematological
Tissue integrity - ANSWER Neurologic- BODY SYSTEM
Immunity- PATHO
Oxygenation- PATHO
Hematological- BODY SYSTEM
Tissue integrity- PATHO
What benefits are gained by asking questions when someone has clinical manifestations of
altered homeostasis? Select all that apply.
A single right answer is confirmed
Evidence is located
Insight is provided
Data is collected
Assumptions are challenged - ANSWER ALL answers are correct with the exception of "A
single right answer is confirmed" (See Image)
RATIONALE: Benefits gained by asking questions of a person who may be experiencing clini-
cal manifestations of altered homeostasis include assumptions of the person asking the
questions are challenged, insight is gained about what may be causing the alteration, evi-
dence is located to support a specific pathophysiological alteration, and data is collected.
2
,Due to the complexity of the human body, it is unlikely that a single right answer can be con-
firmed as to why the person is having the clinical manifestations. Often, diagnostic tests are
needed for a diagnosis to be confirmed.
The process to determine which ____ matter most uses knowledge from ______ and an un-
derstanding of normal human anatomy and ______ and development, the ability to ask rele-
vant ________, and an attitude that ________ finding the source of the person's problem. -
ANSWER Cues
Pathophysiology
Anatomy and Physiology
Questions
Values
RATIONALE: The process to determine which cues matter most uses knowledge from patho-
physiology and an understanding of normal human anatomy and physiology, the ability to
ask relevant questions, and an attitude that values finding the source of the person's prob-
lem.
The use of knowledge from previous courses is important in both pathophysiology and the
nursing courses you will be taking. Taking the time to understand the content and commit it
to memory, rather than learning enough to pass a test, is crucial to being a successful stu-
dent and nurse.
The basic ______ processes that cause altered health are the _______. How the original
______ and symptoms differ is often related to the body of ______ involved. - ANSWER
Pathophysiological
The same
Signs and Symptoms
System
RATIONALE: The basic pathophysiological processes that cause altered health are the same.
How the signs and symptoms differ is often related to the body system involved.
3
, Think of it like this. . . Inflammation of the ankle results in redness, warmth, and swelling
that is visible and can be touched. Inflammation of the brain has the same redness, warmth,
and swelling, only it is not visible and cannot be touched.
So recognizing inflammation as the cause of a severe headache, rather than an alteration in
perfusion, is going to require a bit more knowledge, skill, and attitude of inquiry.
Based on which factors are the number and types of tests needed to confirm an alteration in
health chosen? Select all that apply. - ANSWER Condition of the person
Pathophysiologic process suspected
Cues related to body system
RATIONALE: The exact tests ordered by the healthcare provider are based on the condition
of the person seeking care, making the ability to recognize and understand cues important.
In addition, the suspected pathophysiologic process may determine which tests are needed.
The preference of the healthcare provider and ability of the person to pay for care should
not be used when providing care.
Based on Jeb's information, which steps can he take to get back to the level of health he had
before he fell? Select all that apply.
BACKGROUND:
Limps when he walks
professional mover
fell on the stairs
surgery to repair a broken leg and damage to his knee
gained 47 pounds
worsening stiffness and pain in his left knee
taking over-the-counter pain medicine, but it does not really help
no longer able to lift heavy objects
needs to take breaks more frequently
4
