,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE+h
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. nitrogen fixation +h c. synthesis of vitamins +h +h
b. production of fermented foods +h d. causative agents of disease
+h +h + h +h +h +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h C: Re
+h
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. fungi.
+ h c. virus.
b. E. coli.
+ h +h d. algae.
ANS: C +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. +h
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
+ h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
+ h
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
+h +h
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
+h + h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. the absence of proteins
+h +h +h
b. the presence of DNA
+h +h +h
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
+h +h +h +h
d. the presence of a cell wall
+h +h +h +h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Remembering
+h +h +h +h +h +h
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
losely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. physical characteristics +h c. DNA sequence comparison +h +h
b. method of reproduction +h +h d. environmental habitat + h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli +h
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: + h 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi + h
ANS: A + h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses + h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h +h
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic t
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
hat targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
+h +h +h +h
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba +h +h
b. Herpes virus +h d. bread mold + h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h +h
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
+ h +h c. Robert Hooke
+h +h
b. Catherine of Siena
+ h +h d. Louis Pasteur
+h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +h
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
C: Remembering
+h
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +h
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
C: Understanding
+h
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. vinegar eel +h c. mold filaments +h
s d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis +h
b. dust mites +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: + h 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE+h
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. nitrogen fixation +h c. synthesis of vitamins +h +h
b. production of fermented foods +h d. causative agents of disease
+h +h + h +h +h +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h C: Re
+h
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. fungi.
+ h c. virus.
b. E. coli.
+ h +h d. algae.
ANS: C +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. +h
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
+ h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
+ h
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
+h +h
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
+h + h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. the absence of proteins
+h +h +h
b. the presence of DNA
+h +h +h
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
+h +h +h +h
d. the presence of a cell wall
+h +h +h +h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Remembering
+h +h +h +h +h +h
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
losely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. physical characteristics +h c. DNA sequence comparison +h +h
b. method of reproduction +h +h d. environmental habitat + h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h +h MSC: Applying
+h +h +h +h +h +h
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli +h
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: + h 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi + h
ANS: A + h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e
+
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses + h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h e +
three domains have in common and how they differ.
h +h +h MSC: Understanding
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h +h
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic t
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
hat targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
+h +h +h +h
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba +h +h
b. Herpes virus +h d. bread mold + h +h
ANS: B +h DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +h
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h +h
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
+ h +h c. Robert Hooke
+h +h
b. Catherine of Siena
+ h +h d. Louis Pasteur
+h +h
ANS: C +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +h
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
C: Remembering
+h
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +h
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MS
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h + h
C: Understanding
+h
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
+h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h +h
a. vinegar eel +h c. mold filaments +h
s d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis +h
b. dust mites +h
ANS: D +h DIF: Moderate REF: + h 1.2
