PNVN – Exam 2, 2026 – Study guide and practice
material
What's the difference between an ileostomy and a colostomy and what do you look out for with
an ileostomy? - correct answer ✔✔ Colostomy has stool that is more formed in nature.
Ileostomy has more liquid formed stool-Pay special attention and care to the skin integrity.
What is dyspepsia? - correct answer ✔✔ Upset stomach and other vague GI complaints
(Indigestion)
What is hematemesis? - correct answer ✔✔ Vomiting bright red blood
What's the difference between a peptic ulcer and a duodenal ulcer? - correct answer ✔✔ Peptic
ulcer-Pt will complain of pain while eating
Duodenal ulcer-Pt will complain of pain hours after eating
What do you use an O&P test for? - correct answer ✔✔ An ova and parasites (O&P) test checks
stool for parasites and their ova (eggs) or cysts and should be sent to a lab for 3
separate/consecutive days for accurate results.
What is paralytic ileus? - correct answer ✔✔ Obstruction of the intestine due to paralysis of the
intestinal muscles (non-mechanical bowel obstruction)
What's the difference between a tap-water enema, glycerin suppository, and a regular stool
suppository? - correct answer ✔✔ Tap-water enema-An injection of plain water into the rectum
in order to stimulate a bowel movement. Usually given to relieve constipation or to clear the
colon before a medical procedure.
Glycerin suppository-It works by drawing water into the intestine and relieving occasional
constipation
, Regular stool softener-to relieve constipation by people who should avoid straining during
bowel movements because of heart conditions, hemorrhoids, and other problem
Which stool softener/laxative is used for bowel training? - correct answer ✔✔ Glycerin
suppository
What happens to the nephron in the kidney as we age? - correct answer ✔✔ Healthy adults
lose almost half of their nephrons
What is TURP-spasm pain caused from and what interventions should you use? - correct answer
✔✔ The urethra will be swollen and sore.
Administer anti-cholinergic medications to reduce bladder spasms
What's another term for kidney stones and what should you do to prevent kidney stones? -
correct answer ✔✔ Urolithiasis-Stay hydrated
What do you measure for placement of an NG tube? - correct answer ✔✔ Distance from the tip
of the nose to earlobe to xiphisternum
What drug class is Tagamet (Cimetidine)? - correct answer ✔✔ H2-receptor antagonist
Why do we give Ranitidine (Zantac) after surgery? - correct answer ✔✔ It inhibits histamine at
H2 receptor site in a gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric secretion.
Why do we do a pre-medication assessment? - correct answer ✔✔ To ensure the patient is
stable and ensure patients vitals are within parameters of medication administration.
To ensure we have the right patient/medication/time/etc.
What are some contraindications of a laxative? - correct answer ✔✔ Hypersensitivity
material
What's the difference between an ileostomy and a colostomy and what do you look out for with
an ileostomy? - correct answer ✔✔ Colostomy has stool that is more formed in nature.
Ileostomy has more liquid formed stool-Pay special attention and care to the skin integrity.
What is dyspepsia? - correct answer ✔✔ Upset stomach and other vague GI complaints
(Indigestion)
What is hematemesis? - correct answer ✔✔ Vomiting bright red blood
What's the difference between a peptic ulcer and a duodenal ulcer? - correct answer ✔✔ Peptic
ulcer-Pt will complain of pain while eating
Duodenal ulcer-Pt will complain of pain hours after eating
What do you use an O&P test for? - correct answer ✔✔ An ova and parasites (O&P) test checks
stool for parasites and their ova (eggs) or cysts and should be sent to a lab for 3
separate/consecutive days for accurate results.
What is paralytic ileus? - correct answer ✔✔ Obstruction of the intestine due to paralysis of the
intestinal muscles (non-mechanical bowel obstruction)
What's the difference between a tap-water enema, glycerin suppository, and a regular stool
suppository? - correct answer ✔✔ Tap-water enema-An injection of plain water into the rectum
in order to stimulate a bowel movement. Usually given to relieve constipation or to clear the
colon before a medical procedure.
Glycerin suppository-It works by drawing water into the intestine and relieving occasional
constipation
, Regular stool softener-to relieve constipation by people who should avoid straining during
bowel movements because of heart conditions, hemorrhoids, and other problem
Which stool softener/laxative is used for bowel training? - correct answer ✔✔ Glycerin
suppository
What happens to the nephron in the kidney as we age? - correct answer ✔✔ Healthy adults
lose almost half of their nephrons
What is TURP-spasm pain caused from and what interventions should you use? - correct answer
✔✔ The urethra will be swollen and sore.
Administer anti-cholinergic medications to reduce bladder spasms
What's another term for kidney stones and what should you do to prevent kidney stones? -
correct answer ✔✔ Urolithiasis-Stay hydrated
What do you measure for placement of an NG tube? - correct answer ✔✔ Distance from the tip
of the nose to earlobe to xiphisternum
What drug class is Tagamet (Cimetidine)? - correct answer ✔✔ H2-receptor antagonist
Why do we give Ranitidine (Zantac) after surgery? - correct answer ✔✔ It inhibits histamine at
H2 receptor site in a gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric secretion.
Why do we do a pre-medication assessment? - correct answer ✔✔ To ensure the patient is
stable and ensure patients vitals are within parameters of medication administration.
To ensure we have the right patient/medication/time/etc.
What are some contraindications of a laxative? - correct answer ✔✔ Hypersensitivity
