ANCC PMHNP Chapter 7 (NONPHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT) Q&A
INDIVIDUAL THERAPIES & THERAPISTS: Ans-Psychoanalytical - FREUD
Cognitive - AARON BECK
Behavioral - ARNOLD LAZARUS
Dialectical Behavioral - Marsha Linehan
Existential - Victor Frankl
Humanistic - Carl Rogers
Psychoanalytic Therapy - Freud Ans-Originated by Sigmund Freud who believed that
behavior is determined by unconscious motivations and instinctual drives
2. Promotes change through the development and psychodynamic factors which shape present
behaviors
Cognitive Therapy - Aaron Beck Ans-1. Events do not cause anxiety and maladaptive
response are the individuals expectations, perceptions, and interpretations of these events that
cause anxiety
2. Allows people to view reality more clearly through an examination of their central distorted
cognitions
3. Goal is to change the clients irrational belief and faulty conceptions and negative cognitive
distortions
Behavioral Therapy - Arnold Lazarus Ans-focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors by
participation in active behavioral techniques such as exposure, relaxation, problem solving and
role playing
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy - Marsha Linehan Ans-Used w/Borderline personality disorder
Focus is emotional regulation, tolerance for distress, self-mgmt. skills, interpersonal
effectiveness, mindfulness with emphasis on treating therapy interfering behaviors.
, Goals-
decrease SI,decrease therapy interfering behaviors
decrease emotional reactivity, self-invalidation, crisis-generating behavior, active passivity
increase realistic decision making
increase accurate communications of emotions
Existential - Viktor Frankl Ans-Philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-
confrontation are encouraged.
Emphasizes accepting freedom and making responsible choices.
States that a basic dimension of humans includes finding meaning and purpose in life, "why am
I here" and "what is my purpose"
goals are to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility.
Humanistic - Carl Rogers Ans-AKA person centered therapy (unconditional positive regard)
concepts include self directed growth and self-actualization people are born with the capacity
to direct themselves to self actualization.
EMDR - Francine Shapiro Ans-eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a form of
behavioral therapy. It integrates the use of rhythmic eye movements to treat traumatic stress
and memories common in PTSD
3 Phases: desensitization, installation, body scan.
EMDR Desensitization Ans-visualize trauma, verbalize negative thoughts remain attentive to
physical sensations. This process occurs for a limited time while the person maintains a
rhythmic eye movement he or she is the instructed to block out negative thoughts to breath
deeply and to verbalize what he or she is thinking, feeling, or imagining
EMDR installation Ans-the person installs and increases strength of positive thought that her
or she has declared as a replacement for the original negative thought
INDIVIDUAL THERAPIES & THERAPISTS: Ans-Psychoanalytical - FREUD
Cognitive - AARON BECK
Behavioral - ARNOLD LAZARUS
Dialectical Behavioral - Marsha Linehan
Existential - Victor Frankl
Humanistic - Carl Rogers
Psychoanalytic Therapy - Freud Ans-Originated by Sigmund Freud who believed that
behavior is determined by unconscious motivations and instinctual drives
2. Promotes change through the development and psychodynamic factors which shape present
behaviors
Cognitive Therapy - Aaron Beck Ans-1. Events do not cause anxiety and maladaptive
response are the individuals expectations, perceptions, and interpretations of these events that
cause anxiety
2. Allows people to view reality more clearly through an examination of their central distorted
cognitions
3. Goal is to change the clients irrational belief and faulty conceptions and negative cognitive
distortions
Behavioral Therapy - Arnold Lazarus Ans-focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors by
participation in active behavioral techniques such as exposure, relaxation, problem solving and
role playing
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy - Marsha Linehan Ans-Used w/Borderline personality disorder
Focus is emotional regulation, tolerance for distress, self-mgmt. skills, interpersonal
effectiveness, mindfulness with emphasis on treating therapy interfering behaviors.
, Goals-
decrease SI,decrease therapy interfering behaviors
decrease emotional reactivity, self-invalidation, crisis-generating behavior, active passivity
increase realistic decision making
increase accurate communications of emotions
Existential - Viktor Frankl Ans-Philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-
confrontation are encouraged.
Emphasizes accepting freedom and making responsible choices.
States that a basic dimension of humans includes finding meaning and purpose in life, "why am
I here" and "what is my purpose"
goals are to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility.
Humanistic - Carl Rogers Ans-AKA person centered therapy (unconditional positive regard)
concepts include self directed growth and self-actualization people are born with the capacity
to direct themselves to self actualization.
EMDR - Francine Shapiro Ans-eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a form of
behavioral therapy. It integrates the use of rhythmic eye movements to treat traumatic stress
and memories common in PTSD
3 Phases: desensitization, installation, body scan.
EMDR Desensitization Ans-visualize trauma, verbalize negative thoughts remain attentive to
physical sensations. This process occurs for a limited time while the person maintains a
rhythmic eye movement he or she is the instructed to block out negative thoughts to breath
deeply and to verbalize what he or she is thinking, feeling, or imagining
EMDR installation Ans-the person installs and increases strength of positive thought that her
or she has declared as a replacement for the original negative thought
