Berne and Levy Physiology 8th Edition Test Bank Koeppen Comprehensive Verified Questions and Detailed Answers for Medical and Nursing Students Updated 2026–2027 Complete Study and Exam Preparation Resource Covering Human Physiology Concepts and Mechanisms

Berne and Levy Physiology 8th Edition
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Berne and Levy Physiology 8th Edition KoeppenTest Bank

KoeppenChapter 01: Principles of Cell Function Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The subcellular structure that degrades proteins is called the:
L L L L L L L L




A. Tight junction L




B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosome
D. Plasma membrane L




E. Ribosome
ANS: C

2. An experiment is done to measure the uptake of an amino acid into a cell. The
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




foll owing data are obtained:
L L L L




N




If Na+ is removed from the extracellular bathing solution, or if a drug is added
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L that L




preve nts the cell from making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the uptake of amino
L L L L L L L L L L L L L acid L




into th e cell is markedly reduced. According to this information, which of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L the L




followingmechan isms is probably responsible for the transport of the amino acid
L L L L L L L L L L L L into L




the cell?
L




A. Passive diffusion through the lipid bilayer
L L L L L




B. Uniporter
C. Transport ATPase L




D. Na+ symporter L




E. Na+ antiporter
L




ANS: D L L




3. A membrane permeable by only Na+ separates two compartments contain
L L L L L L L L L L



ing Na2SO4,shown as follows:
L L L

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Electrodes are placed in both compartments, and a voltage is applied (that of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




compartme nt A is held at 0 mV). What voltage applied to compartment B would
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




resultin no net mo vement of Na+ across the membrane separating the compartments?
L L L L L L L L L L L L




A. –60 mV L




B. –30 mV L




C. 0 mVL




D. +30 mV L L




E.
+60 m L L




V ANS: EL L




4. The resting membrane potentN
L ial oRf a Ic e llGis – TV L L L L L L L L




B85.m U S N concentrations of several ions are indicat
CV. The intracellular and extracellular L L L L L L L L L L L



ed in the following table, as is the calculated
L L L L L L L L




Nernst equilibrium potential (Ei) for each of these ions:
L L L L L L L L




Ion Concentration Concentration Ei
Inside Cell L Outside Cell L



+
Na 12 mEq/L L 145 mEq/L L 66 mV L




K+ 150 mEq/L L 4 mEq/L
L –96 mV L




Cl– 30 mEq/L L 105 mEq/L L –33 mV L




Ca++ 0.0001 mmol/dL L 1 mmol/dL
L 122 mV L




The membrane has channels for Na+, K+, Cl–
L L L L L L L




, and Ca++. The conductance of the membrane is the greatest for which ion
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




?

A. Na+
B. K+
C. Cl–
D. Ca++
ANS:
B

5. A cell contains the following membrane transporters:
L L L L L L




Na+ channelK+ channe
L L



l Na+,K+-ATPase
L

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The resting membrane voltage of the cell is –80 mV, and the intracellular and
L L L L L L L L L L L L L



extracellular ion concentrations are as follows:
L L L L L




Ion Intracellular Extracellular
Concentration Concentration
Na+ 10 mEq/L L 145 mEq/L L




K+ 120 mEq/L L 4 mEq/L L




The cell is treated with a drug to inhibit the Na+,K+-
L L L L L L L L L L




ATPase. What would be the effect ofthis drug on the following parameters?
L L L L L L L L L L L




Intracellular [Na+] L Intracellular [K+] L Cell Volume
L Membrane Voltage
L




A. Decrease Decrease Decrease Depolarize
B. Increase Decrease Increase Depolarize
C. Increase Increase Increase No change
L




D. Decrease Increase Decrease Hyperpolarize
E. Increase Increase Decrease Hyperpolarize

ANS: B

6. Which of the labeled proteins (shaded) is attached to the membrane
L L L L L L L L L L L




by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor?
L L L L




ANS: E


7.
A cell has channels for Na+, K+, and Cl–
L L L L L L L L




in its plasma membrane. The resting membrane potential is –
L L L L L L L L L




60 mV (cell interior negative). The intracellular and extracellular
L L L L L L L L L




concentrations for these ions, as well as the calculated Nernst potentials,
L L L L L L L L L L L




are listed as follows:
L L L

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Ion Intracellular L Extracellular L Ei
Concentration Concentration
Na+ 14 mEq/L L 140 mEq/L L 60 mV L




K+ 150 mEq/L L 5 mEq/L L –89 mV L




Cl– 10 mEq/L L 100 mEq/L L –60 mV L




A drug is applied to the cell that increases the permeability of the cell by Cl–
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




(i.e., it opens Cl–
L L L




channels). What effect will this drug have on the net movement of Cl–
L L L L L L L L L L L L



acrossthe plasma membrane? L L




A. Net Cl– movement out of the cell will be increased.
L L L L L L L L L




B. Net Cl– movement into the cell will be increased.
L
L
L L L L L L




C. There will be no change in the net movement of Cl–.
L L L L L L L L L L




ANS: C



8. Reducing the extracellular [K+] would be expected to have which of the follo wing
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




effects on the resting membrane potential and on the excitability of ve ntricular
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




myocytes?

Membrane Potential L Excitability
A. Unchanged Unchanged
B. Hyperpolarized GDT
ecBre.aC
seO
d
C. Hyperpolarized Increased
D. Depolarized Decreased
E. Depolarized Increased

ANS: B


9. A cell is bathed in an isotonic NaCl solution that contains 5 mmol/L of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




glucose. The intracellular concentration of glucose is 10 mmol/L. What is the
L L L L L L L L L L L L




most likely mechanism for the transport of glucose across the plasma
L L L L L L L L L L L




membrane into this cel l? L L L L




A. Glucose uniporter L




B. Na+-glucose symporter L




C. Na+-glucose antiporter L




D. Diffusion of glucose through the lipid bilayer of the membr
L L L L L L L L L L




ane ANS: B
L L




10. A blood sample is taken from an individual whose blood osmolality is 295
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




mOs m per kilogram of water. Red blood cells from this sample are then
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




placed in the following solutions: L L L L

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1-5



Solution Osmolality (mOsm/kg H2O) L L Reflection L




Coefficien L




t ( of
TV L L




Solute
1. NaCl 300 1
2. Fructose 300 0.5
3. Urea 300 0
4. CaCl2 100 1
5. KCl 150 1

The red blood cells in which of these solutions will swell to the greatest degree?
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5 ANS
L




: C
L




11. A solution that causes a cell to shrink is:
L L L L L L L L




A. Isotonic
B. Hypotonic
C. Hypertonic
ANS: C L L




12. Osmosis is: L




A. The active transport of water
L L L L




B. The number of solute particles in 1 kg of water
L L L L L L L L L




C. The diffusion of water across cell membranes
L L L L L L



D. The defined as the weight of a volume of a solution divided by the
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




weight of an equivalent volume of distilled water
L L L L L L L




E. The amount of a substance relative to its molecular wei
L L L L L L L L L L




ght ANS: C
L L

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Koeppen: Berne and Levy Physiology, 8th Edition L




Chapter 02: Homeostasis of Body
FluidsTest Ban
k Multiple Cho
ice

1.
A 100 mmol/L solution of MgCl2 would be expected to have an osmolality
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




of which ofthe following?
L L L




A. 50 mOsm/kg H2O L L




B. 100 mOsm/kg H2O L L




C. 200 mOsm/kg H2O L L




D. 300 mOsm/kg H2O L L




E. 350 mOsm/kg H2
L L L




O ANS: D
L L




2.
Three individuals, each weighing 55 kg and each having a plasma [Na+] of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




145 mEq/L, receive infusions of different solutions. Individual A receives 1 L of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L



isoton ic NaCl (290 L L L




mOsm/kg H2O); individual BNreUcR
L eiSvIesN1GLTofB .a m
C aOnMn i t o l solution (290 mOsm/kg
L L TV L
L
L L L L L L L L




H2O); and individual C receives 1 L of a 5% dextrose in water (D5W) solution
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




(290 mOs m/kg H2O). Assuming that there is no urine output, and after
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




complete equilibratio n of the
L L L L




extracellular and intracellular fluid, which of these individuals will have a lower plasma[Na+]?
L L L L L L L L L L L L




A. Individual A (NaCl infusion). L L L




B. Individual B (mannitol infusion). L L L




C. Individual C (D5W infusion). L L L




D. Individuals A, B, and C will have the same plasma [Na+].
L L L L L L L L L L




ANS: B


3.
Intravenous infusion of 2 L of which of the following solutions will lead to
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




the l argest increase in intracellular fluid volume?
L L L L L L L




A. D5W
B. Isotonic NaCl L



C. Hypotonic NaCl L



D. Hypertonic NaCl L

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ANS: A


4. Intracellular fluid volume is normally what percentage of body
L L L L L L L L L


wei
ght?
A. 60%
B. 40%
C. 20%
D. 10%
E. 5%

ANS: B

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Chapter 03: Signal Transduction, Membrane Receptors, Second Messenger
s, andRegulation of Gene Expression

Test Bank Multiple
L L L



Choices
1. Molecules that are produced by cells and act locally on other cells are called:
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




A. Steroid hormones. L




B. Receptors.
C. Paracrine hormones. L




D. Phosphatases.
E. Iodothyronines.

ANS: C


2.A typical flow of information in a signal transduction pathway would be
L L L L L L L L L L L L




which of the following? L L L




A. Receptor G protein secoNnUdRmSesIsN
enGgTerB .bCioO l Mo gical respon se
L L L L L
L
L L L L L L L



B. Hormone second messenger G protein–coupled receptor
L L L L L L L L




(GPCR) biological response
L L L




C. Hormone second messenger GPCR L L L L L L




D. Hormone receptor second messenger L GPCR biological response L L L L L




E. GPCR second messenger
L L L L



biological response ANS:
L L L L



A

3. The negative side effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on
L L L L L L L L L L



the cardiovascular system are mediated by inhibition of which enzyme?
L L L L L L L L L




A. Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) L




B. -Secretase
L




C. Presenilin 1 L




D. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) L




E. Adenylate L




cyclas e ANS:
L L L



D

4. In the following list, which drug is correctly used to treat the disease listed?
L L L L L L L L L L L L L

, Berne and Levy Physiology 8th Edition
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3-2


A. -Adrenergic receptor agonists with depression
L L L L L




B. Fluoxetine (Prozac) with low blood pressure
L L L L L




C. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) with metastatic colorectal cancer
L L L L L




D. Sildenafil (Viagra) with pulmonary arterial hypertension
L L L L L




E. Cetuximab (Erbitux) and bevacizumab (Avastin) with metastatic breast can
L L L L L L L L L



cer ANS: D
L L

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Koeppen: Berne and Levy Physiology, 8th Edition L




Chapter 04: The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Sys
temsTest Bank
Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following statements does not apply to dendrites?
L L L L L L L L L




A. They can be highly branched. L L L L




B. They can have spines. L L L




C. They are the main output element of the neuron.
L L L L L L L L




D. One neuron can have many dendrites.
L L L L L




E. They are the main target for inputs to the neu
L L L L L L L L L L




ron ANS: C
L L




2. Which of the following statements does not apply to axons?
L L L L L L L L L




A. Typically there is one axon per neuron. L L L L L L




B. Axons lack rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, and a Golgi apparatus.
L L L L L L L L L L




C. They conduct action potentialNsUa R
L waSyfI rNoG
mTthBe.ceCllObMody. L L




D. They are the main output element of the neuron.
L L L L L L L L




E. They can transport material only from the cell body to the axon terminal.
L L L L L L L L L L L L




ANS: E L




3. In a case of hydrocephalus due to blockage of the cerebral aqueduct, which
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




ventr icles are distended?
L L L




A. Lateral ventricles only L L




B. Third ventricle only L L




C. Lateral and third ventricles L L L




D. Fourth ventricle only L L




E. Third and fourth ventricle
L L L L




s ANS: C
L L




4. Astrocytes help maintain the central nervous system (CNS) extracellular milieu by:
L L L L L L L L L L




A. Taking up and redistributing excess K+ and other ions.
L L L L L
L
L L




B. Wrapping extensions of their cytoplasm around axons.
L L L L T L