MICROBIOLOGY (MIC 205) FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

MICROBIOLOGY (MIC 205) FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS .A young father observed his infant daughter became lethargic and experience trouble feeding. He became alarmed as the infant became "floppy" and took his daughter to the clinic. Upon questioning, it was revealed that the infant had been fussy and had been given a pacifier coated with honey. The clinician in charge immediately ordered an antitoxin as the infant took a turn for the worse and had to be placed on a ventilator. Stool samples revealed a Gram-positive, rod, spore-forming bacterium. Which microbe do you think the infant was diagnosed and treated for? - ANSWERS-clostridium botulinum .A woman aged 29 years and member of an Amish community gave birth to her child at home, assisted by an unlicensed childbirth assistant. At 10 days postpartum, the patient developed numbness in the face and neck pain, leading to a stiff neck and jaw and extreme difficulty swallowing and breathing. Upon admission to the hospital, the patient was administered medication including muscle relaxants, antibodies to fight the suspected microbe, antibiotics, and additionally she required mechanical ventilation. Her infant was closely monitored, as infants are at particular risk for this disease. The clinician suspected and treated the woman for a disease caused by the Gram-positive, rod, spore forming bacterium: - ANSWERS-clostridium tetani .Which statement is NOT true relating to biogenesis? - ANSWERS-it was the claim that some forms of life can arise from nonliving matter .examples of prokaryotes - ANSWERS-bacteria and archaea .a substance made by a mold that can inhibit some bacteria is - ANSWERS-penicillin .Which scientist applied germ theory specifically in obstetric procedures? - ANSWERS-Ignaz Semmelweiss .example of an E.I.D - ANSWERS-SARS disease .which of the following is true about fungi - ANSWERS-- mold is the unicellular form - yeasts are the multicellular form - hyphae are branching filaments that can be observed under the microscope .Which of the following statements is NOT true relating to Smallpox? - ANSWERS-Severe disease could be prevented using a method devised for the first time by Lady Montague .which scientist applied germ theory specifically in surgical procedures - ANSWERS-joseph lister .What is true about the Gram-positive cell wall? - ANSWERS-- crystal violet iodine complex becomes trapped in peptidoglycan during staining - layer of mycolic acid is removed by acid-alcohol during staining - lipopolysaccharide is embedded in the outer membrane .What is true about the Gram-negative cell wall? -ANSWERS-outer membrane surrounds a thin layer of peptidoglycan outer membrane is removed by the decolorizer during the Gram-stain layer of mycolic acid is removed by acid-alcohol during staining lipopolysaccharide is embedded in the outer membrane .this type of microbe is not a bacterium and has pseudomurein in its cell wall - ANSWERS-archaea .what do all bacterial cells contain in their cell wall - ANSWERS-- outer membrane - lipopolysaccharide - side chain amino acids and cross bridge amino acids - wall teichoic acid - lopoteichoic acid .A bacterial cell is placed in a solution and its plasma membrane shrinks as water leaves the cell. Which statement is correct about the solution the cell was in and what happened to the cell? - ANSWERS-hypertonic solution; plasmolysis .Which statement is completely true about Mycobacteria when they are stained using Acid-fast staining? - ANSWERS-carbolfuchsin is trapped in the mycolic acid, making mycobacterium fuschia .Which of the following microbes fixes nitrogen and has a symbiotic relationship with plant roots? - ANSWERS-rhizobium .Within a week of returning from a trip to Africa, a traveler reported developing fever, chills, and muscle aches. The patient reported being bitten repeatedly by mosquitoes during her trip and did not get any of the recommended vaccinations before traveling. Which microbe do you think the clinician diagnosed in the patient? - ANSWERS-yellow fever virus .The structures that allow bacteria to be motile and exhibit positive or negative taxis are: - ANSWERS-flagella .Which structure is external to the cell wall and can either protect bacteria from being phagocytosed or allow bacteria to form communities on surfaces? - ANSWERS-glycocalyx .This microbe stains pink when Gram-stained and can be a pathogen. - ANSWERS-not enough information .You may use different methods to narrow down a pathogen in a patient sample, and more specifically, use _______________________ to specifically distinguish between microbes on slides using light microscopy. - ANSWERS-differential staining .Which of the following is true about detection methods using serology? - ANSWERS-- based on the type and amount of antibody, we can track how recently a person was infected with a particular microbe - based on the fact that we can use antibodies to differentiate between microbes - techniques include slide agglutination, ELISA and western blotting .Which of the following is completely true about setting up a slide agglutination experiment? - ANSWERS-- a positive control is necessary to confirm that all of your reagents are working correctly - a negative control is necessary to confirm that you have not cross contaminated samples - a patient sample is tested for the presence of a particular microbe using antibodies .What type of ELISA uses antibody as "bait" and is used to detect antigen, and is also known as a "sandwich" ELISA? - ANSWERS-direct ELISA