PRN1409 / PRN 1409 Exam 1 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Client-Centered Care III Review | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A Guaranteed | Rasmussen

PRN1409 / PRN 1409 Exam 1 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Client-Centered Care III Review | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A Guaranteed | Rasmussen Q: The process by which a team of professionals evaluates a health care institutions practices and policies and the outcomes of patient care is called ________. Answer the Joint Commission accreditation Q: The surgical department is structured and engineered to provide a safe and efficient environment for patients and staff members. Many different designs can be used, but all must achieve the following objective(s): Answer infection control Q: __________ and __________ areas (those with the greatest potential sources of infection) are physically separated when possible Answer clean and contaminated Q: ____________ engineering in the operating room (OR) follows national medical engineering standards for electrical circuits, in-line gases, lighting, and other utilities. Answer Environmental Q: All of the following are core principles of operating room design except _____________. Answer personnel policies Q: __________ create(s) boundaries between areas that carry the highest potential sources of infection and those that are the cleanest. Answer Traffic patterns Q: _______ is the area where instruments and equipment are cleaned and disinfected: Answer Central core Q: ___________ is the primary accreditation organization for all healthcare facilities. Answer Joint Commission Q: The clean utility room within the surgical department is a(n) ________ area. Answer semirestricted Q: What attire is required to enter the restricted area? Answer Hair cap, mask, facial hair covering, complete scrub suit Q: The purpose of floor plans is to provide efficiency, environmental safety, and __________ in the surgical department. Answer infection control Q: The air pressure in the surgical suite is maintained at a level of __________ higher than the air pressure in adjacent semirestricted areas. Answer 10% Q: When the operating room door is opened, the ______________pressure from within the room pushes air Answer positive; out Q: The current standard for humidity in the operating room is ___________. Answer 20% to 60 Q: ___________ filtered air enters the operating room ceiling vents and is combined with _________ air in the room. Answer Fresh; existing Q: High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are installed in the operating room ventilation system and remove particles equal to or larger than ___________. Answer 0.3 µm Q: Some types of surgical procedures require a specialized room that contains the equipment and technology of that specialty. This room is called a ________________ Answer special procedure room Q: All of the following are compressed gasses except _______________. Answer suction Q: Which piece of equipment is covered with a sterile drape and placed over the patient during the procedure for quick access to instruments? Answer Mayo stand Q: Which piece of equipment is the sterile pack opened onto that provides a sterile surface for instruments and supplies? Answer back table Q: The Family waiting room is: Answer Unrestricted area Q: The Surgical suite is: Answer Restricted area Q: The Sterile instrument room is: Answer Restricted area Q: The Personnel must wear surgical attire (mask not necessary) is: Answer Semirestricted area Q: The Personnel dressed in street clothes is: Answer Unrestricted area Q: Match the items in the alphabetic list to the numbered items 1. Defines the relationship between management and staff members 2. Role is to provide extracorporeal oxygenation of the blood during CABG 3. Transportation of the patient to and from the surgical department 4. Has completed a one or two year program in a vocational or technical 5.Assists the OR director Answer 1. B) chain of command 2. A) Cardio Vascular Perfusionist 3. D) Surgical Orderly or aide 4. E) Licensed practical nurse 5. C) Perioperative Nurse manager Q: Match the items in alphabetic list to the numbered items Answer 6. Is adjacent to the OR 7. Provides centralized control of surgical devices and equipment through a sterile remote or voice activated system 8.Sterile wrapped supplies are stored in designated ares adjacent to the operating suites nearby 9. Check in point where the surgeon,anesthesiologist and circulating nurse can confirm that all documentation is in order 10. Are located outside the surgical suites so that personnel can proceed directly to surgery immediately after hand antisepsis 6. C) Sub Sterile Room 7.D) Integrated OR System 8. E) Sterile instrument room 9.B) Patient preoperative holding area 10. A) Scrub Sinks Q: The primary goal Answer Keep bioburden to an absolute minimum Q: A common statement that support the overarching principle Answer Sterile to sterile and unsterile to unsterile Q: What's strike though contamination? Answer Signs of moisture contact or holes in the materials Q: When In doubt.... Answer Throw it out Q: Verification of sterility is achieved through what Answer Biological indicator Q: How do you pass a ringed instrument-where do you hold it? Answer Box lock Q: When the heavier air is forced out of the autoclave by the pressure of the steam, what is this called? Answer Gravity displacement sterilizer Q: All of the following are sterilization methods used on instruments to be ready for use on a pt except? Answer Washer sterilizer Q: What is activated glutaraldehyde commercially named? Answer Cidex (immersed for 10hrs) Q: Sterile surgical team members can pass each other back to back or front to front. True/False Answer True A clean-contaminated case (where the bowel is opened) must have ____ set up. Answer A clean and dirty Ethylene oxide is utilized in which type of sterilization method? Answer Gas sterilization What is the min. exposure time for an unwrapped single no-lumen instrument in the gravity displacement cycle? 3 minutes If basins are nested they must be separated by a porous material. True The Bowie Dick (DART) test is unique to which of the following? Prevacuum sterilizer.. test ran w an empty chamber so residual air is not trapped. Paracetic acid is used in which of these methods of sterilization? Steris... used to sterilize rigid and flexible endoscope for 30min at 50degrees... quick turnaround, not in SPD hospital inquired infection nosocomial infection What is the process utilized for cleaning instruments in the ultrasonic cleaner? Cavitation Aneorobic does not require oxygen transient flora microbes that are picked up by touching contaminated objects or people Three areas of SPD Decontam, assemble, and staging Cavitation Mechanical process used by ultrasound cleaners during which air pockets implode to dislodge debris and soil from crevices and serrations of surgical instruments and equipment Colonization Growth and collection of microbes into a group that lives in a particular area After decontam you should... Inspect, reassemble, and prepare Chelation a method of cleaning instruments in which the chosen cleaning solution uses the process of binding ions, such as iron and magnesium, in the solution to prevent their deposit on the surface of surgical instruments Enzymatic catalysts that aid in breaking down organic soil such as blood and tissue into solution emulsification Dispersing two liquids not capable of being mixed Solubilization the action by which the solubility of a substance is increased within a solution What is the best overall disinfectant? Glutaraldehyde (cidex) Sodium hypochlorite Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for surfaces, floors, and equipment Phenol (carbolic acid) an intermediate level disinfectant; used to disinfect large areas such as floors and countertops Autoclave apparatus for sterilizing by steam under pressure Biological indicators Method for testing the sterilization capability of a sterilizer Intermediate level disinfectant Level of disinfections in which most microorganisms are killed except spores Lumen opening within a hollow tube or organ Mycology study of fungi Parasitology study of parasites/invertebrates that cause diseases SSI surgical site infection Ultrasonic cleaner Instrument that loosens and removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid. Uses cavitation What is not a classification of pt care items Hypercritical Where should the biological test pack be placed on the steam sterilization cart for the first run of the day? Bottom rack, front of sterilizer, over the drain When nested basin sets are being sterilized, how should they be placed in the steam sterilizer? Fold side down with a towel used to separate them Which of the following should NEVER be processed by immediate-use (flash) sterilization methods? Implantable devices Which method of sterilization uses gamma rays or beta particles and is chiefly used by large manufacturing companies? ionizing radiation Which sterilization method is most commonly used, safest, least expensive, and appropriate for the majority of surgical instruments? saturated steam What would be the exposure phase time for an unwrapped instrument set with some lumens in a prevacuum/dynamic air removal steam autoclave? 4 minutes Which of the following diseases is NOT a form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy? toxic shock Which of the following chemicals is a high-level disinfectant when items are immersed for 20 to 30 minutes and a sterilant if items remain immersed for 10 hours? Glutaraldehyde The biological indicator (BI) for the steam sterilization method is: Geobacillus stearothermophilus The recommended biological indicator (BI) for hydrogen peroxide gas plasma is: Bacillus astrophaeus What is the term for inanimate objects that harbor microorganisms that contribute to environmental contamination? fomites What is the term for the process of lubricating stiffened stainless steel surgical instruments by immersion in a water-soluble solution? milking What is the term used to describe the process of removing all soiled linen, waste, and instruments from the room and cleaning of furniture, floors, or other contaminated surfaces in preparation for opening new supplies for a subsequent case? turnover A living carrier that transmits disease is called a Vector Which of the following would be appropriate for soaking instruments covered with bioburden during a surgical procedure? Sterile water resident flora microorganisms that normally reside on the skin Ethylene oxide gas sterilization (EtO) Gas sterilization is used to process materials that cannot be processed using steam sterilization such as heat or moisture sensitive materials. 5 critical points of Steam sterilization Time, contact, temp., moisture, pressure Flash sterilization (now called IUSS) Used for unwrapped items in an emergency situation (ex: dropped instruments needed to continue a surgical procedure) ●Can be gravity or prevacuum ●Porous items, or items with a lumen exposure is 4 min in prevac and 10 min gravity paracetic acid (steris) used to sterilize endoscopes and cameras (30-40 minute cycle) items must be used immediately - cannot be stored Hydrogen peroxide in plasma form (sterrad) Uses gas at a low temp to sterilize heat-sensitive items. Takes 50min to sterilize.. used for cytoscopes and camera scopes ionizing radiation Use gamma and beta rays to sterilize items. Used at manufacturing for prepackaged items Shelf life How long a product may be stored before use. Mechanical indicator device that displays an element of the sterilization process; autoclave w gauges and digital recorders that produce a printout terminal sterilization and disinfection Procedure for destroying pathogens at the end of a surgical case. This is performed to protect the health care worker who will be handling the surgical instruments in the sterile processing department. The levels of disinfection. low - kills some bacteria, microorganisms, viruses but not Tb or spores intermediate - kills Tb, but not necessarily spores high - kills Tb and some spores, but not guaranteed to kill all spores Categories of items to be disinfected or sterilized Critical: all surgical instruments, implants, that come in contact w tissue or w/in a body cavity MUST be sterilized Semi-critical: cystoscope,colonoscopy/laryngoscope... that come in contact w mucous membranes but NOT used w/in a body cavity—must use high level disinfectant Non-critical: OR furniture, table, bp cuff, must use intermediate or low level disinfectant Preparation of items for sterilization Manually cleaned to reduce bioderm, assemble instruments on stringer, internal indicator, instruments in tray, tip protectors, begins after decontamination... 1. Inspection 2. Reassembly 3. Preparation 2 types of peel packs Paper-plastic = steam sterilization Tyvek-plastic = Sterrad and ETO 4 things the labeling gun prints out when placed on instruments 1. Julian date 2. Identification of sterilizer 3. Cycle number for that sterilizer 6 methods of sterilization Steam sterilizer, ionizing radiation (manufacturer), EtO (ethylene oxide gas), Cidex (glutaraldehyde), hydrogen peroxide plasma (sterrad), peracetic acid sterilization (steris) Min. Exposure time for gravity sterilization 250 degrees, 15-17psi, min. exposure 30min. Min. Exposure time for Prevacuum 270 degrees, 27-30psi, min. exposure 4min for wrapped items... tested for air removal w the Bowie Dick test unloading autoclave Chamber pressure must be at 0! Left untouched to dry for 15-60minutes Lumens of instruments must be____. Flushed The areas that sterile drapes are considered sterile Top of drapes/ table level only Where is cavitation utilized w/in decontam Ultrasonic cleaner What is bowel technique? Dirty and clean set up.. Instruments that come into contact with or are used inside the GI tract should be isolated, not used again and removed from the immediate field. Also members of the surgical team may need to re-gown and re-glove prior to closing the wound.