HOMEOSTASIS LAB - SOPHIA LEARNING
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ trachea.
Answer: provide air flow
◍ the skeletal system.
Answer: -bones-Provides support-Protects tissues-Stores minerals-Forms
blood cells-calcium is important for muscle function-body regulate Ca+ if
not enough it will take from bones-axial skeleton: skull and
ribs-appendicular skeleton: limbs
◍ prostate gland.
Answer: secrete fluid that nourishes and protect sperm
◍ spleen.
Answer: recycle RBC, fight bacteria
◍ nucleus.
Answer: located near the center of the cell, surrounded by semi-fluid
cytoplasm- the control center is the Nucleus-The DNA contains all the
instructions needed for building the whole body-The instructions are given
through building proteins-DNA is necessary for cell reproduction-Cell that
looses its DNA die-most of the DNA is often oval or spherical, the shape of
the nucleus conforms to the shape of the cell. Example, if the cell is
elongated, the nucleus is elongated as well.-The nuclear envelope-Nucleoli:
synthesize ribosome which is essential for producing proteins-Chromatin
◍ levels of organization:organism level.
Answer: all organ systems working together to maintain health
,◍ the female reproductive system.
Answer: -Produces sex cells and hormones-Supports embryonic and fetal
development from fertilization to birth
◍ cytoplasm.
Answer: cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma
membraneIt consists of Cytosol: Semitransparent fluid that suspends the
other elements example water and nutrientsOrganelles - Metabolic
machinery of the cellInclusionsAre chemical substances that may or may
not be present-cell type specificMost inclusions are stored nutrients or cell
productsExample lipid droplets and glycogen granules
◍ cellular basis of life.
Answer: -important for cell organization-made up of primarily four
elements:Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Smaller amounts of
other elements-Though 4 elements build cells, other elements are
necessaryExamples: Calcium important for blood clotting, muscle
contraction and relaxation Iron important for hemoglobin, which carries
oxygenIodine important for thyroid hormone that controls metabolism,
regulate energy metabolismSodium and Potassium ions are essential if nerve
impulses are to be transmitted and for muscle contractionlipids: synthesize
cell membranesnucleic acid: code for proteinsgenetic materials: important
for reproduction
◍ homeostasis.
Answer: -The maintenance of a stable internal environment-Body
temperature, pH, blood ion concentration, blood glucose, blood pressure,
oxygenation-body ability to maintain balance-Every organism must
maintain homeostasis to survive!-Adjustments in physiological systems are
made to preserve homeostasis necessary for organism to live
◍ the respiratory system.
Answer: -Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur -Produces
sound-deliver air with oxygen-produce sound and sense of smell
◍ osteoblast.
, Answer: form bones
◍ centrioles.
Answer: Lie close to the nucleusRod shaped bodies that lie at right angles to
each otherGenerate microtubulesCell divisionDirect the formation of the
mitotic spindle
◍ five key components of homeostasis model.
Answer: 1. sensor - detects regulated varible2. set point - normal range or
desired value3. error detector - compares actual value to set point4.
controller - determines effector output5. effectors - act to restore the
regulated variablethese all operate through negative feedback to counter
disturbances
◍ body cavities.
Answer: -Closed, fluid-filled spaces in the trunk lined by a thin serous
membrane-Functions: Help protect internal organsAllow change in size and
shape of organs-Many internal organs are located within these
cavities-Organs within the cavities are called viscera-Viscera are also
surrounded by serous membrane-Two major divisions separated by
diaphragm:Thoracic cavityAbdominopelvic cavity
◍ homeostatic regulation.
Answer: A typical homeostatic loop contains:A receptorSensitive to a
stimulusA control centerReceives and processes information and sends a
"command" An effector cell or organResponds to oppose or enhance the
stimulus
◍ osteoclast.
Answer: remove minerals from bones
◍ specialized connective tissue.
Answer: cartilage, bone, blood
◍ cells historical perspective.
Answer: The smallest unit or the building blocks of all living things,
including human, animal and plants Late 1600s: Robert Hooke plant
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ trachea.
Answer: provide air flow
◍ the skeletal system.
Answer: -bones-Provides support-Protects tissues-Stores minerals-Forms
blood cells-calcium is important for muscle function-body regulate Ca+ if
not enough it will take from bones-axial skeleton: skull and
ribs-appendicular skeleton: limbs
◍ prostate gland.
Answer: secrete fluid that nourishes and protect sperm
◍ spleen.
Answer: recycle RBC, fight bacteria
◍ nucleus.
Answer: located near the center of the cell, surrounded by semi-fluid
cytoplasm- the control center is the Nucleus-The DNA contains all the
instructions needed for building the whole body-The instructions are given
through building proteins-DNA is necessary for cell reproduction-Cell that
looses its DNA die-most of the DNA is often oval or spherical, the shape of
the nucleus conforms to the shape of the cell. Example, if the cell is
elongated, the nucleus is elongated as well.-The nuclear envelope-Nucleoli:
synthesize ribosome which is essential for producing proteins-Chromatin
◍ levels of organization:organism level.
Answer: all organ systems working together to maintain health
,◍ the female reproductive system.
Answer: -Produces sex cells and hormones-Supports embryonic and fetal
development from fertilization to birth
◍ cytoplasm.
Answer: cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma
membraneIt consists of Cytosol: Semitransparent fluid that suspends the
other elements example water and nutrientsOrganelles - Metabolic
machinery of the cellInclusionsAre chemical substances that may or may
not be present-cell type specificMost inclusions are stored nutrients or cell
productsExample lipid droplets and glycogen granules
◍ cellular basis of life.
Answer: -important for cell organization-made up of primarily four
elements:Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Smaller amounts of
other elements-Though 4 elements build cells, other elements are
necessaryExamples: Calcium important for blood clotting, muscle
contraction and relaxation Iron important for hemoglobin, which carries
oxygenIodine important for thyroid hormone that controls metabolism,
regulate energy metabolismSodium and Potassium ions are essential if nerve
impulses are to be transmitted and for muscle contractionlipids: synthesize
cell membranesnucleic acid: code for proteinsgenetic materials: important
for reproduction
◍ homeostasis.
Answer: -The maintenance of a stable internal environment-Body
temperature, pH, blood ion concentration, blood glucose, blood pressure,
oxygenation-body ability to maintain balance-Every organism must
maintain homeostasis to survive!-Adjustments in physiological systems are
made to preserve homeostasis necessary for organism to live
◍ the respiratory system.
Answer: -Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur -Produces
sound-deliver air with oxygen-produce sound and sense of smell
◍ osteoblast.
, Answer: form bones
◍ centrioles.
Answer: Lie close to the nucleusRod shaped bodies that lie at right angles to
each otherGenerate microtubulesCell divisionDirect the formation of the
mitotic spindle
◍ five key components of homeostasis model.
Answer: 1. sensor - detects regulated varible2. set point - normal range or
desired value3. error detector - compares actual value to set point4.
controller - determines effector output5. effectors - act to restore the
regulated variablethese all operate through negative feedback to counter
disturbances
◍ body cavities.
Answer: -Closed, fluid-filled spaces in the trunk lined by a thin serous
membrane-Functions: Help protect internal organsAllow change in size and
shape of organs-Many internal organs are located within these
cavities-Organs within the cavities are called viscera-Viscera are also
surrounded by serous membrane-Two major divisions separated by
diaphragm:Thoracic cavityAbdominopelvic cavity
◍ homeostatic regulation.
Answer: A typical homeostatic loop contains:A receptorSensitive to a
stimulusA control centerReceives and processes information and sends a
"command" An effector cell or organResponds to oppose or enhance the
stimulus
◍ osteoclast.
Answer: remove minerals from bones
◍ specialized connective tissue.
Answer: cartilage, bone, blood
◍ cells historical perspective.
Answer: The smallest unit or the building blocks of all living things,
including human, animal and plants Late 1600s: Robert Hooke plant
