NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Exam1 2026
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What is epidemiology? - ANSWERS-study of the patterns of disease involving
populations. Based on the spread and contact of diseases in people.
What are the levels of disease prevention? - ANSWERS-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Explain Primary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Preventing"; altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure of disease for people.
Name the hormones released during alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome -
ANSWERS-Corticotrophin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone,
catecholamines( norepinephrine and epinephrine) and cortisol
Explain the Role of corticotrophin releasing hormone in alarm stage - ANSWERS-
activates the sympathetic nervous system and adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Explain the role of norepinephrine during alarm stage - ANSWERS-helps to slow down
certain organs such as the GI and GU systems to prepare the body for fight or flight.
,Examples of Primary Prevention - ANSWERS-Vaccinations and Handwashing
Explain Secondary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Screening"; early detection, screening,
and management of disease to catch disease early before it spreads
Examples of Secondary Prevention - ANSWERS-PAP smears for STDs, lab work for
HBA1C check, mammogram
Explain Tertiary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Treating" and preventing further
complications from a disorder or disease after the person has the condition
Examples of Tertiary Prevention - ANSWERS-Rehab for hip surgery, relearning ADL's
after amputation, Wound care after stroke to prevent pressure ulcers.
What is Pathophysiology - ANSWERS-is the study of what happens when the normal
anatomy and physiology go wrong, causing disorder and disease process of the human
body.
What 4 things does pathophysiology include? - ANSWERS-Etiology, Pathogenesis,
Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Implications
What is etiology - ANSWERS-study of causes or reasons for phenomena. Includes
Idiopathic conditions that have an unknown origin or cause.
What is pathogenesis? - ANSWERS-development or evolution of disease from initial
stimulus to the expression of manifestations as time occurs.
What are clinical manifestations? - ANSWERS-Signs and symptoms of disorder.
, What are treatment implications? - ANSWERS-Which combine the etology,
pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations to determine the best treatment of condition
per individual.
What are signs? - ANSWERS-Objective or observed manifestations of disease.
What are symptoms? - ANSWERS-Subjective feelings of abnormality in the body.
What is objective data - ANSWERS-What you observe and can measure.
What are examples of objective data? - ANSWERS-rash, low blood pressure, bleeding
What is subjective data? - ANSWERS-What the patient may report to you
What are examples of subjective data? - ANSWERS-pain scale, they feel suicidal,
fatigued.
What is homeostasis? - ANSWERS-a state of equilibrium in which all body systems are
in balance and the body is at its most optimal in functioning. Stable.
What is allostasis? - ANSWERS-ability to successfully adapt to challenges. It is not a
balance but an attempt to adapt to achieve homeostasis. Example: sweating to lower
ones body temp.
Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome - ANSWERS-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Explain alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome - ANSWERS-Where the
sympathetic nervous system is activated due to stress. Fight or Flight responses are
activated and energy is given off by the HPA axis to flee or fight the danger ahead.
Blood must be redirected to vital organs in this stage to give the organs energy to work.
MOST Recent Tested,Actual Exam
Questions (2026) WITH Recent Newest
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Correct Detailed & Verified ANSWERS
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Exam Guarantee Pass!!
What is epidemiology? - ANSWERS-study of the patterns of disease involving
populations. Based on the spread and contact of diseases in people.
What are the levels of disease prevention? - ANSWERS-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Explain Primary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Preventing"; altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure of disease for people.
Name the hormones released during alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome -
ANSWERS-Corticotrophin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone,
catecholamines( norepinephrine and epinephrine) and cortisol
Explain the Role of corticotrophin releasing hormone in alarm stage - ANSWERS-
activates the sympathetic nervous system and adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Explain the role of norepinephrine during alarm stage - ANSWERS-helps to slow down
certain organs such as the GI and GU systems to prepare the body for fight or flight.
,Examples of Primary Prevention - ANSWERS-Vaccinations and Handwashing
Explain Secondary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Screening"; early detection, screening,
and management of disease to catch disease early before it spreads
Examples of Secondary Prevention - ANSWERS-PAP smears for STDs, lab work for
HBA1C check, mammogram
Explain Tertiary Prevention - ANSWERS-"Treating" and preventing further
complications from a disorder or disease after the person has the condition
Examples of Tertiary Prevention - ANSWERS-Rehab for hip surgery, relearning ADL's
after amputation, Wound care after stroke to prevent pressure ulcers.
What is Pathophysiology - ANSWERS-is the study of what happens when the normal
anatomy and physiology go wrong, causing disorder and disease process of the human
body.
What 4 things does pathophysiology include? - ANSWERS-Etiology, Pathogenesis,
Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Implications
What is etiology - ANSWERS-study of causes or reasons for phenomena. Includes
Idiopathic conditions that have an unknown origin or cause.
What is pathogenesis? - ANSWERS-development or evolution of disease from initial
stimulus to the expression of manifestations as time occurs.
What are clinical manifestations? - ANSWERS-Signs and symptoms of disorder.
, What are treatment implications? - ANSWERS-Which combine the etology,
pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations to determine the best treatment of condition
per individual.
What are signs? - ANSWERS-Objective or observed manifestations of disease.
What are symptoms? - ANSWERS-Subjective feelings of abnormality in the body.
What is objective data - ANSWERS-What you observe and can measure.
What are examples of objective data? - ANSWERS-rash, low blood pressure, bleeding
What is subjective data? - ANSWERS-What the patient may report to you
What are examples of subjective data? - ANSWERS-pain scale, they feel suicidal,
fatigued.
What is homeostasis? - ANSWERS-a state of equilibrium in which all body systems are
in balance and the body is at its most optimal in functioning. Stable.
What is allostasis? - ANSWERS-ability to successfully adapt to challenges. It is not a
balance but an attempt to adapt to achieve homeostasis. Example: sweating to lower
ones body temp.
Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome - ANSWERS-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Explain alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome - ANSWERS-Where the
sympathetic nervous system is activated due to stress. Fight or Flight responses are
activated and energy is given off by the HPA axis to flee or fight the danger ahead.
Blood must be redirected to vital organs in this stage to give the organs energy to work.
