Bio 210 Exam 5 Study Guide Questions and
Answers Already Graded A+ 2026
Griffith's experiments with heat killed pathogenic bacteria and live non-pathogenic
bacteria indicated something from the dead bacteria could do something to the living,
non-pathogenic bacteria that he called transformation. What changes were observed in
colony appearance and pathogenicity? ANSWER>> When the heat-killed S cells were
mixed with the living R cells they combined and formed living S cells- smooth
encapsulated cells
What biological macromolecule did Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod identify as Griffith's
transforming factor ANSWER>> DNA
Chromatin is composed of protein and DNA. Likewise bacterial viruses (bacteriophage)
are composed of DNA and protein. In the Hershey and Chase experiments which of
these two molecules entered the bacterial cell and which stayed on the outside?
ANSWER>> S-protein stays outside cells
P-DNA enters cells
In the structure of DNA, what part of DNA synthesis (replication) was obvious from the
double-stranded structure? ANSWER>> Semi-conservative
Replication is involved in which of the two major DNA functions? ANSWER>> Hereditary
Function
1
, Transcription and translation are involved in which of the two major DNA functions
ANSWER>> Cell Regulation Function
Name the 5 enzymes needed for DNA replication ANSWER>> 1. Helicase
2. DNA polymerase III
3. DNA polymerase I
4. Primase
5. Ligase
Name the DNA binding protein ANSWER>> Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein =
SSBP
What is the function of SSBP ANSWER>> 1. Binds single-stranded DNA
2. Permits replication to copy single strands
What is the function of Helicase ANSWER>> 1. Unwinds DNA
2. Permits DNA strand separation
What is the function of DNA polymerase III ANSWER>> 1. Replicates DNA
2. Synthesizes long strands of DNA
What is the function of DNA polymerase I ANSWER>> 1. Repairs DNA
2. Cuts out mismatched DNA
3. Cuts out RNA
4. Synthesizes short strands of DNA
5. Replaces RNA primer with DNA
6. Proof-reads DNA
Why are two DNA polymerases necessary ANSWER>> Because they have two different
functions and we need one for each direction of replication
What is the function of primase ANSWER>> 1. Special RNA polymerase
2. Initiates DNA replication
3. Synthesizes short RNA primer
2
Answers Already Graded A+ 2026
Griffith's experiments with heat killed pathogenic bacteria and live non-pathogenic
bacteria indicated something from the dead bacteria could do something to the living,
non-pathogenic bacteria that he called transformation. What changes were observed in
colony appearance and pathogenicity? ANSWER>> When the heat-killed S cells were
mixed with the living R cells they combined and formed living S cells- smooth
encapsulated cells
What biological macromolecule did Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod identify as Griffith's
transforming factor ANSWER>> DNA
Chromatin is composed of protein and DNA. Likewise bacterial viruses (bacteriophage)
are composed of DNA and protein. In the Hershey and Chase experiments which of
these two molecules entered the bacterial cell and which stayed on the outside?
ANSWER>> S-protein stays outside cells
P-DNA enters cells
In the structure of DNA, what part of DNA synthesis (replication) was obvious from the
double-stranded structure? ANSWER>> Semi-conservative
Replication is involved in which of the two major DNA functions? ANSWER>> Hereditary
Function
1
, Transcription and translation are involved in which of the two major DNA functions
ANSWER>> Cell Regulation Function
Name the 5 enzymes needed for DNA replication ANSWER>> 1. Helicase
2. DNA polymerase III
3. DNA polymerase I
4. Primase
5. Ligase
Name the DNA binding protein ANSWER>> Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein =
SSBP
What is the function of SSBP ANSWER>> 1. Binds single-stranded DNA
2. Permits replication to copy single strands
What is the function of Helicase ANSWER>> 1. Unwinds DNA
2. Permits DNA strand separation
What is the function of DNA polymerase III ANSWER>> 1. Replicates DNA
2. Synthesizes long strands of DNA
What is the function of DNA polymerase I ANSWER>> 1. Repairs DNA
2. Cuts out mismatched DNA
3. Cuts out RNA
4. Synthesizes short strands of DNA
5. Replaces RNA primer with DNA
6. Proof-reads DNA
Why are two DNA polymerases necessary ANSWER>> Because they have two different
functions and we need one for each direction of replication
What is the function of primase ANSWER>> 1. Special RNA polymerase
2. Initiates DNA replication
3. Synthesizes short RNA primer
2
