D115 master set-Advanced
Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nurse Questions and
Answers
Elitestudyvault
[COMPANY NAME] [Company address]
2026-2035
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology
for Advanced Practice Nurse Questions and
Answers
Which type of genetic disease affects males more frequently than females? - correct answer Sex-Linked
recessive. Since males only have one X and one Y, if the affected chromosome has the illness, it will be
expressed.
In which two conditions are chromosomal abnormalities the leading known cause? - correct answer
Intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage. Chromosome abnormalities are the leading known cause of
intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage.
What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic studies? - correct answer Chorionic villus sampling
(CVS), amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples of prenatal diagnostic
studies and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form of genetic testing that provides genetic information
found in utero and is usually performed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An amniocentesis is a
form of genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid and is usually performed during the second
trimester, between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of a zygote having one chromosome with a
normal complement of genes and one chromosome with a missing gene? - correct answer Cri du chat
syndrome (translated as "cry of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the cry often
heard from a baby affected by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome can present as a microcephalic, low
birth-weight baby with a piercing cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip generations? - correct answer The disease can be transmitted
through female carriers.
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome, the mother may provide an unaffected X to a
daughter or son. Furthermore, a daughter may not show signs of the disease because she has the other
X (the only X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
,Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the disease rate among the entire population to the
disease rate in an unexposed population? - correct answer Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an
actual occurrence of disease.
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on? - correct answer Many factors
from lifestyle to genetics affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each case
individually provides the most thorough and accurate assessment.
What refers to the silenced gene of a gene pair. - correct answer The imprinted gene is the silent gene of
a gene pair.
What is the primary reason that some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing? -
correct answer The underlying chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic illness depletes the body's reserves to fight against
illness.
Which cells are the body's primary defense against parasite invasion? - correct answer Eosinophils are
the body's primary defense against parasites.
What Phagocytes bacteria? - correct answer Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing bacteria.
What is the first response to a foreign pathogen? - correct answer Helper T cells
Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the
antigen? - correct answer Immunogenicity is primarily based on the ability to recognize something
foreign.
How are erythrocytes destroyed when mismatched blood is administered, causing an ABO
incompatibility? - correct answer The complement pathway is activated in response to blood
incompatibility.
What is the hypersensitivity reaction that causes atopic dermatitis? - correct answer An immediate (type
I) hypersensitivity reaction causes atopic dermatitis.
, Which four infections are considered fungal infections? - correct answer Infection with a fungus is called
mycosis and includes dermatophytes (e.g., tineas, which refers to several skin mycoses, including
ringworm and athlete's foot) and yeasts, which include candida and aspergillus.
When is the earliest after sexual transmission of HIV that lab results can detect infection? - correct
answer Lab testing can detect HIV RNA 4 to 10 days after sexual transmission, whereas HIV antibody
testing may take 23 to 90 days to result in a positive test. Repeat testing may be needed to rule out a
false negative test due to testing too soon after exposure, especially if a high likelihood of exposure is
suspected.
What is a characteristic of exotoxins? - correct answer Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.
Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer? -
correct answer The results of decreased fat consumption have been widely studied and have
demonstrated a decreased risk of developing colon cancer.
Which cancer is an individual who has worked with asbestos for over 40 years most likely to develop? -
correct answer Asbestos exposure results in an increased risk of lung and lung lining cancer.
Which statement is true regarding ultraviolet (UV) light?
The degree of damage is not affected by the light's wavelength. - correct answer UV light causes basal
cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma when the UVB rays hit DNA strands, causing thymine base
pairs that are side by side to pair together, becoming thymine dimers. These thymine dimers lead to cell
death or cancer.
Which cancer does exercise have a convincing impact on reducing? - correct answer Exercise-induced
myokines cause apoptosis of colon cancer cells.
Low healthcare literacy is recognized as a major risk factor in blood pressure control and has been shown
to have adverse effects on health outcomes.
true or false - correct answer TRUE
By providing patient education at the appropriate literacy level, improved health outcomes may result.
Pathophysiology for Advanced
Practice Nurse Questions and
Answers
Elitestudyvault
[COMPANY NAME] [Company address]
2026-2035
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology
for Advanced Practice Nurse Questions and
Answers
Which type of genetic disease affects males more frequently than females? - correct answer Sex-Linked
recessive. Since males only have one X and one Y, if the affected chromosome has the illness, it will be
expressed.
In which two conditions are chromosomal abnormalities the leading known cause? - correct answer
Intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage. Chromosome abnormalities are the leading known cause of
intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage.
What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic studies? - correct answer Chorionic villus sampling
(CVS), amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples of prenatal diagnostic
studies and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form of genetic testing that provides genetic information
found in utero and is usually performed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An amniocentesis is a
form of genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid and is usually performed during the second
trimester, between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of a zygote having one chromosome with a
normal complement of genes and one chromosome with a missing gene? - correct answer Cri du chat
syndrome (translated as "cry of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the cry often
heard from a baby affected by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome can present as a microcephalic, low
birth-weight baby with a piercing cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip generations? - correct answer The disease can be transmitted
through female carriers.
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome, the mother may provide an unaffected X to a
daughter or son. Furthermore, a daughter may not show signs of the disease because she has the other
X (the only X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
,Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the disease rate among the entire population to the
disease rate in an unexposed population? - correct answer Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an
actual occurrence of disease.
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on? - correct answer Many factors
from lifestyle to genetics affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each case
individually provides the most thorough and accurate assessment.
What refers to the silenced gene of a gene pair. - correct answer The imprinted gene is the silent gene of
a gene pair.
What is the primary reason that some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing? -
correct answer The underlying chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic illness depletes the body's reserves to fight against
illness.
Which cells are the body's primary defense against parasite invasion? - correct answer Eosinophils are
the body's primary defense against parasites.
What Phagocytes bacteria? - correct answer Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing bacteria.
What is the first response to a foreign pathogen? - correct answer Helper T cells
Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the
antigen? - correct answer Immunogenicity is primarily based on the ability to recognize something
foreign.
How are erythrocytes destroyed when mismatched blood is administered, causing an ABO
incompatibility? - correct answer The complement pathway is activated in response to blood
incompatibility.
What is the hypersensitivity reaction that causes atopic dermatitis? - correct answer An immediate (type
I) hypersensitivity reaction causes atopic dermatitis.
, Which four infections are considered fungal infections? - correct answer Infection with a fungus is called
mycosis and includes dermatophytes (e.g., tineas, which refers to several skin mycoses, including
ringworm and athlete's foot) and yeasts, which include candida and aspergillus.
When is the earliest after sexual transmission of HIV that lab results can detect infection? - correct
answer Lab testing can detect HIV RNA 4 to 10 days after sexual transmission, whereas HIV antibody
testing may take 23 to 90 days to result in a positive test. Repeat testing may be needed to rule out a
false negative test due to testing too soon after exposure, especially if a high likelihood of exposure is
suspected.
What is a characteristic of exotoxins? - correct answer Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.
Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer? -
correct answer The results of decreased fat consumption have been widely studied and have
demonstrated a decreased risk of developing colon cancer.
Which cancer is an individual who has worked with asbestos for over 40 years most likely to develop? -
correct answer Asbestos exposure results in an increased risk of lung and lung lining cancer.
Which statement is true regarding ultraviolet (UV) light?
The degree of damage is not affected by the light's wavelength. - correct answer UV light causes basal
cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma when the UVB rays hit DNA strands, causing thymine base
pairs that are side by side to pair together, becoming thymine dimers. These thymine dimers lead to cell
death or cancer.
Which cancer does exercise have a convincing impact on reducing? - correct answer Exercise-induced
myokines cause apoptosis of colon cancer cells.
Low healthcare literacy is recognized as a major risk factor in blood pressure control and has been shown
to have adverse effects on health outcomes.
true or false - correct answer TRUE
By providing patient education at the appropriate literacy level, improved health outcomes may result.
