Essentials of Pediatric
Nursing – (5th Edition
(Kyle & Carman) All
Chapters Included
1. Which statement best reflects family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
A. The nurse makes decisions independently to reduce parental stress
B. Parents are encouraged to participate as partners in the child’s care
C. The physician is the sole leader of the care team
D. Parents should not be present during procedures
Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s
life and promotes collaboration between the family and healthcare team.
2. A 6-month-old infant should most likely be able to:
A. Walk independently
B. Say 2-word phrases
C. Roll from back to abdomen
D. Ride a tricycle
Answer: C
,Rationale: By 6 months, infants commonly roll over, sit with support, and transfer
objects hand-to-hand.
3. Which is the most appropriate method to assess pain in a preverbal infant?
A. Numeric rating scale
B. FLACC scale
C. Visual analog scale
D. FACES scale only
Answer: B
Rationale: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is widely used for
infants and young children who cannot self-report pain.
4. The nurse is teaching parents about atraumatic care. Which action best
demonstrates this principle?
A. Restraining the child immediately for all procedures
B. Performing painful procedures without preparation
C. Using topical anesthetic before IV insertion when appropriate
D. Separating the child from parents to improve cooperation
Answer: C
Rationale: Atraumatic care aims to reduce physical and psychological distress.
Topical anesthetics can reduce pain during procedures.
5. Which immunization is typically administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. Hepatitis B
D. DTaP
,Answer: C
Rationale: The first dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine is routinely recommended at
birth.
6. A toddler is hospitalized. Which behavior is expected during separation from
parents?
A. Quiet acceptance immediately
B. Regression and protest behaviors
C. Advanced language development
D. Refusal to engage in any play
Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers often demonstrate protest, despair, and detachment during
separation anxiety.
7. Which statement by a parent of a preschooler indicates understanding of
discipline?
A. “Spanking is the best way to stop tantrums.”
B. “Time-out should last about one minute per year of age.”
C. “Rules should change every day so the child learns flexibility.”
D. “I should ignore all misbehavior.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Time-out is a developmentally appropriate discipline strategy for
preschoolers, generally 1 minute per year of age.
8. The anterior fontanel normally closes by approximately:
A. 2 months
, B. 6 months
C. 12–18 months
D. 3 years
Answer: C
Rationale: The anterior fontanel typically closes between 12 and 18 months of age.
9. Which finding in a child with dehydration requires immediate intervention?
A. Dry lips
B. Slight thirst
C. Delayed capillary refill and lethargy
D. Decreased appetite
Answer: C
Rationale: Poor perfusion and altered mental status are signs of more severe
dehydration requiring urgent evaluation.
10. The nurse is caring for a child with acute otitis media. Which parental statement
shows correct understanding?
A. “I should stop the antibiotic once the fever is gone.”
B. “Pain relief is important even if antibiotics are prescribed.”
C. “Ear infections are never associated with URI symptoms.”
D. “My child should not drink fluids.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain control is an important part of management. Antibiotics, if
prescribed, should be completed as directed.
11. A child with croup is most likely to present with:
Nursing – (5th Edition
(Kyle & Carman) All
Chapters Included
1. Which statement best reflects family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
A. The nurse makes decisions independently to reduce parental stress
B. Parents are encouraged to participate as partners in the child’s care
C. The physician is the sole leader of the care team
D. Parents should not be present during procedures
Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s
life and promotes collaboration between the family and healthcare team.
2. A 6-month-old infant should most likely be able to:
A. Walk independently
B. Say 2-word phrases
C. Roll from back to abdomen
D. Ride a tricycle
Answer: C
,Rationale: By 6 months, infants commonly roll over, sit with support, and transfer
objects hand-to-hand.
3. Which is the most appropriate method to assess pain in a preverbal infant?
A. Numeric rating scale
B. FLACC scale
C. Visual analog scale
D. FACES scale only
Answer: B
Rationale: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is widely used for
infants and young children who cannot self-report pain.
4. The nurse is teaching parents about atraumatic care. Which action best
demonstrates this principle?
A. Restraining the child immediately for all procedures
B. Performing painful procedures without preparation
C. Using topical anesthetic before IV insertion when appropriate
D. Separating the child from parents to improve cooperation
Answer: C
Rationale: Atraumatic care aims to reduce physical and psychological distress.
Topical anesthetics can reduce pain during procedures.
5. Which immunization is typically administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. Hepatitis B
D. DTaP
,Answer: C
Rationale: The first dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine is routinely recommended at
birth.
6. A toddler is hospitalized. Which behavior is expected during separation from
parents?
A. Quiet acceptance immediately
B. Regression and protest behaviors
C. Advanced language development
D. Refusal to engage in any play
Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers often demonstrate protest, despair, and detachment during
separation anxiety.
7. Which statement by a parent of a preschooler indicates understanding of
discipline?
A. “Spanking is the best way to stop tantrums.”
B. “Time-out should last about one minute per year of age.”
C. “Rules should change every day so the child learns flexibility.”
D. “I should ignore all misbehavior.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Time-out is a developmentally appropriate discipline strategy for
preschoolers, generally 1 minute per year of age.
8. The anterior fontanel normally closes by approximately:
A. 2 months
, B. 6 months
C. 12–18 months
D. 3 years
Answer: C
Rationale: The anterior fontanel typically closes between 12 and 18 months of age.
9. Which finding in a child with dehydration requires immediate intervention?
A. Dry lips
B. Slight thirst
C. Delayed capillary refill and lethargy
D. Decreased appetite
Answer: C
Rationale: Poor perfusion and altered mental status are signs of more severe
dehydration requiring urgent evaluation.
10. The nurse is caring for a child with acute otitis media. Which parental statement
shows correct understanding?
A. “I should stop the antibiotic once the fever is gone.”
B. “Pain relief is important even if antibiotics are prescribed.”
C. “Ear infections are never associated with URI symptoms.”
D. “My child should not drink fluids.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain control is an important part of management. Antibiotics, if
prescribed, should be completed as directed.
11. A child with croup is most likely to present with:
