BIOS255 Comprehensive
Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CRRECT ANSWERS
LATEST 2026-2027
Negative Feedback Control Center - CORRECT ANSWER-The temperature control center
received information from the two sets of temperature receptors & sends commands to the
effectors
Negative Feedback Effectors - CORRECT ANSWER-Sweat glands & smooth muscle in the walls of
blood vessels supplying the skin respond
Positive Feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-* Stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or
enhances the original change (rather than opposing it)
* Tends to produce extreme responses
* Does not restore homeostasis
Positive Feedback Loop - CORRECT ANSWER-* Escalating cycle
* Typically occurs when a potentially dangerous or stressful process must be completed quickly
before the body can restore homeostasis
Steps of Positive Feedback in Blood Clotting - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Damage to cells in the blood
vessel wall releases chemicals that begin the process of blood clotting
,2. The chemicals start chain reactions in which cells, cell fragments, & soluble proteins in the
blood begin to form a clot
3. As clotting continues, each step releases chemicals that further accelerate the process
4. This escalating process is a positive feedback loop that ends with the formation of a blood
clot, which patches the vessel wall & stops the bleeding
Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Epithelia
* Glands (Exocrine & Endocrine)
Functions of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Provide physical protection
* Control permeability
* Provide sensation
* Produce specialized secretions
Characteristic of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Specialized contacts with other cells
* Polarity (different ends of cell do different things)
* Avascularity (NO blood supply)
* Regeneration (can divide to make new cells)
* Cellularity (lots of cells in close contact)
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue: Specialized Contacts - CORRECT ANSWER-Epithelial cells are
held close together by cell junctions
Features of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Surfaces: Apical surface-Faces exterior of
body or internal space; Base- Attached to underlying tissues
* Polarity: Refers to structural differences between exposed & attached surfaces
, Connective tissue overview - CORRECT ANSWER-* Varies widely in appearance & function
(Found throughout the body, but never exposed to surface)
* Ranges from highly vascular to avascular
* Many contain sensory receptors that detect pain, pressure, temperature, & other stimuli
3 basic components shared by connective tissues - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Specialized cells
2. Extracellular protein fibers
3. Fluid called ground substance
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Reticular Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Strong & form branching
network
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Collagen Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Thick, very strong
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Elastic Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Slender, very stretchy
Connective Tissue Ground Substance - CORRECT ANSWER-* Clear & colorless
* Viscous (syrupy) due to presence of proteoglycans & glycoproteins
* Allows substances to travel between blood capillaries & cells
Cartilage overview - CORRECT ANSWER-* Matrix is a firm gel containing chondroitin sulfates
(cartilage), polysaccharide dervatives
* Only 1 type of cell (chondrocyte)
* Avascular
Osseous Tissue (Bone Tissue) - CORRECT ANSWER-* Connective tissue with solid, crystalline
matrix
Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CRRECT ANSWERS
LATEST 2026-2027
Negative Feedback Control Center - CORRECT ANSWER-The temperature control center
received information from the two sets of temperature receptors & sends commands to the
effectors
Negative Feedback Effectors - CORRECT ANSWER-Sweat glands & smooth muscle in the walls of
blood vessels supplying the skin respond
Positive Feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-* Stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or
enhances the original change (rather than opposing it)
* Tends to produce extreme responses
* Does not restore homeostasis
Positive Feedback Loop - CORRECT ANSWER-* Escalating cycle
* Typically occurs when a potentially dangerous or stressful process must be completed quickly
before the body can restore homeostasis
Steps of Positive Feedback in Blood Clotting - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Damage to cells in the blood
vessel wall releases chemicals that begin the process of blood clotting
,2. The chemicals start chain reactions in which cells, cell fragments, & soluble proteins in the
blood begin to form a clot
3. As clotting continues, each step releases chemicals that further accelerate the process
4. This escalating process is a positive feedback loop that ends with the formation of a blood
clot, which patches the vessel wall & stops the bleeding
Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Epithelia
* Glands (Exocrine & Endocrine)
Functions of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Provide physical protection
* Control permeability
* Provide sensation
* Produce specialized secretions
Characteristic of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Specialized contacts with other cells
* Polarity (different ends of cell do different things)
* Avascularity (NO blood supply)
* Regeneration (can divide to make new cells)
* Cellularity (lots of cells in close contact)
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue: Specialized Contacts - CORRECT ANSWER-Epithelial cells are
held close together by cell junctions
Features of Epithelial Tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-* Surfaces: Apical surface-Faces exterior of
body or internal space; Base- Attached to underlying tissues
* Polarity: Refers to structural differences between exposed & attached surfaces
, Connective tissue overview - CORRECT ANSWER-* Varies widely in appearance & function
(Found throughout the body, but never exposed to surface)
* Ranges from highly vascular to avascular
* Many contain sensory receptors that detect pain, pressure, temperature, & other stimuli
3 basic components shared by connective tissues - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Specialized cells
2. Extracellular protein fibers
3. Fluid called ground substance
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Reticular Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Strong & form branching
network
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Collagen Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Thick, very strong
Extracellular Protein Fibers - Elastic Fibers - CORRECT ANSWER-Slender, very stretchy
Connective Tissue Ground Substance - CORRECT ANSWER-* Clear & colorless
* Viscous (syrupy) due to presence of proteoglycans & glycoproteins
* Allows substances to travel between blood capillaries & cells
Cartilage overview - CORRECT ANSWER-* Matrix is a firm gel containing chondroitin sulfates
(cartilage), polysaccharide dervatives
* Only 1 type of cell (chondrocyte)
* Avascular
Osseous Tissue (Bone Tissue) - CORRECT ANSWER-* Connective tissue with solid, crystalline
matrix
