ATLS POST TEST REVIEW AND KEY
CONCEPTS. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Primary indication for transfer - ANS Unavailability of surgical resources or severe injuries.
GCS score - ANS Glasgow Coma Scale; measures consciousness level.
Tension pneumothorax - ANS Life-threatening condition requiring immediate needle
decompression.
Spinal cord injury below T-10 - ANS Usually spares bowel and bladder function.
Indication for chest tube insertion - ANS Conditions like pneumothorax or massive
hemothorax.
Immediate management of head injury - ANS Prevent secondary brain injury post-trauma.
Celiotomy - ANS Surgical procedure for abdominal exploration.
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage - ANS Procedure to assess intra-abdominal bleeding.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Central venous pressure line - ANS Used for monitoring venous blood pressure.
Frostbite treatment - ANS Initial treatment involves warm (40°C) water immersion.
Shock diagnosis criteria - ANS Systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg.
Hyperflexion fractures - ANS Inherently unstable injuries in upper thoracic spine.
Spinal immobilization - ANS Use scoop stretcher or long spine board.
Signs of hemothorax - ANS Absence of breath sounds and dullness to percussion.
Volume replacement guide - ANS Blood pressure is most reliable indicator.
Magnetic resonance imaging - ANS Used to diagnose spinal cord injuries.
Respiratory rate in shock - ANS May be elevated due to compensatory mechanisms.
Pneumatic antishock garment - ANS Used to stabilize patients in shock.
Diaphragmatic rupture - ANS Contraindication for nasogastric intubation.
Central cord syndrome - ANS Most common spinal cord injury in children.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
CONCEPTS. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Primary indication for transfer - ANS Unavailability of surgical resources or severe injuries.
GCS score - ANS Glasgow Coma Scale; measures consciousness level.
Tension pneumothorax - ANS Life-threatening condition requiring immediate needle
decompression.
Spinal cord injury below T-10 - ANS Usually spares bowel and bladder function.
Indication for chest tube insertion - ANS Conditions like pneumothorax or massive
hemothorax.
Immediate management of head injury - ANS Prevent secondary brain injury post-trauma.
Celiotomy - ANS Surgical procedure for abdominal exploration.
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage - ANS Procedure to assess intra-abdominal bleeding.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Central venous pressure line - ANS Used for monitoring venous blood pressure.
Frostbite treatment - ANS Initial treatment involves warm (40°C) water immersion.
Shock diagnosis criteria - ANS Systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg.
Hyperflexion fractures - ANS Inherently unstable injuries in upper thoracic spine.
Spinal immobilization - ANS Use scoop stretcher or long spine board.
Signs of hemothorax - ANS Absence of breath sounds and dullness to percussion.
Volume replacement guide - ANS Blood pressure is most reliable indicator.
Magnetic resonance imaging - ANS Used to diagnose spinal cord injuries.
Respiratory rate in shock - ANS May be elevated due to compensatory mechanisms.
Pneumatic antishock garment - ANS Used to stabilize patients in shock.
Diaphragmatic rupture - ANS Contraindication for nasogastric intubation.
Central cord syndrome - ANS Most common spinal cord injury in children.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
