BIOL 2457 – FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
What kind of bond holds atoms in a water molecule together? - ANS polar covalent bonds
The concentration of hydrogen ions is 10 times as great in the wine as in a tomato. -
ANS Wine has a pH of 3. Tomatoes have a pH of 4. Which statement below is correct?
The secondary level of protein structure - ANS Which level of protein structure would be
affected by an agent that breaks hydrogen bonds?
A and C: (A) Fibrous proteins are tough insoluble in water; they play structural roles (C) Globular
proteins readily enter aqueous solutions and function only when they are in solution -
ANS Why is it significant that keratin and collagen are fibrous proteins and myoglobin and
hemoglobin are globular proteins?
A polysaccharide that is formed in a liver and muscle cells to store glucose is - ANS glycogen
What molecule is produced by the phosphorylation of ADP? - ANS Adenosine Triphosphate
(ATP)
The mass number of an atom represents the number of - ANS protons + neutrons
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Peptide bonds link - ANS two amino acids
High heat capacity -- water carries away heat when it changes from a liquid to a gas -
ANS Which property of water accounts for the cooling effect of perspiration?
are consumed during the reaction - ANS All of the following are true concerning enzymes,
except that they
Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the _________________ system. -
ANS digestive
Which type of section would divide the body down the midline between the eyes? -
ANS midsagittal section
The head is __________________ to the feet. - ANS superior
A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in
__________________ - ANS anatomical position
The serious membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the -
ANS peritoneum
The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed -
ANS homeostasis
Which of the following terms refers to the foot? - ANS pedal
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, The thoracic cavity includes the - ANS heart and lungs
The wrist is _______________ to the elbow - ANS distal
The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of the liver cell is to - ANS cytology
Cells will lose water because the salt solution is a hypertonic solution - ANS Some
pediatricians recommend the use of a 10% salt solution to relieve congestion for infants with
stuffy noses. What effect would such a solution have on the cells lining the nasal cavity, and
why?
If the cell membrane became freely permeable to sodium ions (Na+), how would the
intracellular environment be affected? - ANS It would become more positive
Tubulin is to microtubules as actin is to - ANS microfilaments
Which type of integral protein allows water and small ions to diffuse through the cell
membrane? - ANS channel proteins
B and C are correct
Answer B: Osmosis is the movement of water rather than solute.
Answer C: In osmosis, water flows across a membrane toward the solution that has a higher
concentration of solutes, because that is where water concentration is lower. - ANS What is
so special about osmosis, compared with diffusion?
What does the presence of many mitochondria imply about a cell's energy requirements? -
ANS A high demand for energy
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
What kind of bond holds atoms in a water molecule together? - ANS polar covalent bonds
The concentration of hydrogen ions is 10 times as great in the wine as in a tomato. -
ANS Wine has a pH of 3. Tomatoes have a pH of 4. Which statement below is correct?
The secondary level of protein structure - ANS Which level of protein structure would be
affected by an agent that breaks hydrogen bonds?
A and C: (A) Fibrous proteins are tough insoluble in water; they play structural roles (C) Globular
proteins readily enter aqueous solutions and function only when they are in solution -
ANS Why is it significant that keratin and collagen are fibrous proteins and myoglobin and
hemoglobin are globular proteins?
A polysaccharide that is formed in a liver and muscle cells to store glucose is - ANS glycogen
What molecule is produced by the phosphorylation of ADP? - ANS Adenosine Triphosphate
(ATP)
The mass number of an atom represents the number of - ANS protons + neutrons
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Peptide bonds link - ANS two amino acids
High heat capacity -- water carries away heat when it changes from a liquid to a gas -
ANS Which property of water accounts for the cooling effect of perspiration?
are consumed during the reaction - ANS All of the following are true concerning enzymes,
except that they
Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the _________________ system. -
ANS digestive
Which type of section would divide the body down the midline between the eyes? -
ANS midsagittal section
The head is __________________ to the feet. - ANS superior
A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in
__________________ - ANS anatomical position
The serious membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the -
ANS peritoneum
The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed -
ANS homeostasis
Which of the following terms refers to the foot? - ANS pedal
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, The thoracic cavity includes the - ANS heart and lungs
The wrist is _______________ to the elbow - ANS distal
The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of the liver cell is to - ANS cytology
Cells will lose water because the salt solution is a hypertonic solution - ANS Some
pediatricians recommend the use of a 10% salt solution to relieve congestion for infants with
stuffy noses. What effect would such a solution have on the cells lining the nasal cavity, and
why?
If the cell membrane became freely permeable to sodium ions (Na+), how would the
intracellular environment be affected? - ANS It would become more positive
Tubulin is to microtubules as actin is to - ANS microfilaments
Which type of integral protein allows water and small ions to diffuse through the cell
membrane? - ANS channel proteins
B and C are correct
Answer B: Osmosis is the movement of water rather than solute.
Answer C: In osmosis, water flows across a membrane toward the solution that has a higher
concentration of solutes, because that is where water concentration is lower. - ANS What is
so special about osmosis, compared with diffusion?
What does the presence of many mitochondria imply about a cell's energy requirements? -
ANS A high demand for energy
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
