BIOD 210 Exam 7 | Questions and Answers Latest
Updated (Graded A+)- Portage Learning
1. T/F: Almost all cancer gene mutations are inherited
False
2. True or false: Few cancer mutations are inherited.
True
3. A tumor that can invade other issues is called tumor. If it does
not yet have the capacity to invade tissues, that tumor is called a
tumor
Malignant; benign
4. What are the two properties that are shared by cancer cells?
a) Abnormal growth/proliferation
b) The ability to relocate to other areas of the body (metastasis)
5. In order to be classified as a cancer, a cell must demonstrate what two
properties?
1. Abnormal growth/ proliferation
2. The ability to relocate to other areas of the body (Metastasis)
6. The two major therapies currently available to cancer patients are
and
Chemotherapy; radiation therapy
7. The fused "Philadelphia chromosome" in myelogenous leukemia is
form a mutated gene.
BCR-ABL
8. The fused chromosomes that forms a mutated BCR-ABL gene in
chronic myelogenous leukemia is known as the chromosome.
Philadelphia
9. Match the following terms to the correct description: Driver,
Passenger, Stem cell, tumor, metastasis.
Mutation that imparts a growth advantage on a cancer
Undifferentiated cell that can still become part of any system
Mutation that does not contribute to the phenotype of cancer
Defects in cells that lead to a loss of localization restraints
Solid mass growth resulting from a loss of proliferation control
10. Using the development of colon cancer as an example, explain
how the process of tumorigenesis can occur in distinct stages through
the accumulation of mutations.
The first stage of colon cancer involves the growth of a polyp, or
adenoma, which is a small cluster of cells that is defective in a gene
called APC. APC encodes for the differentiation of normal intestinal
cells, so the polyp accumulates undifferentiated cells. A polyp is still
benign and localized to its spot in the colon. Over time, genetic
, mutations occur in the polyp, and typically the mutation of the Kras
gene, which regulates cell growth, causes it to become constitutively
active. The polyp becomes quite large at this point, up to 1 cm. In the
third stage of colon cancer, more mutations occur in the polyp that
control cell growth, death, and cell cycle regulation. The adenoma
becomes a carcinoma and can invade other regions of the colon as
well as travel to other regions of the body to form metastases.
11. Most scientists believe that the biggest driver of a cancer
phenotype is
The inability of a cancer cell to repair DNA damage
12. Differentiated cells are cells that provide a specific function
in the body.
Mature
13. True or false: Differentiated cells have matured to provide a
specific function in the body.
True
14. A tumor that is confined to a localized region of the body is
called a tumor. If that tumor breaks off and can invade other
tissues, it is called a tumor.
benign; malignant
15. Most scientists believe that the biggest driver of a cancer
phenotype is the inability of the cell to:
Repair
16. T/F: Differentiated cells have matured to provide a specific
function in the body.
True
17. Give three examples of differentiated cells that still divide.
Cells lining the GI tract, epithelial cells in the skin, hair follicle cells,
cells in the immune system
18. Match the following terms to the correct description: G1/S,
G2/M, M
Ensures that the cell is an adequate size and DNA is undamaged
Ensures that all DNA replication and repair is completed
Ensures that spindle fibers are fully formed and attached to the
kinetochores/centromere system
19. True or False: The two classes of proteins that monitor the
progression of the cell cycle are the cyclins and cyclin-dependent
kinases (CDKs)
True
Updated (Graded A+)- Portage Learning
1. T/F: Almost all cancer gene mutations are inherited
False
2. True or false: Few cancer mutations are inherited.
True
3. A tumor that can invade other issues is called tumor. If it does
not yet have the capacity to invade tissues, that tumor is called a
tumor
Malignant; benign
4. What are the two properties that are shared by cancer cells?
a) Abnormal growth/proliferation
b) The ability to relocate to other areas of the body (metastasis)
5. In order to be classified as a cancer, a cell must demonstrate what two
properties?
1. Abnormal growth/ proliferation
2. The ability to relocate to other areas of the body (Metastasis)
6. The two major therapies currently available to cancer patients are
and
Chemotherapy; radiation therapy
7. The fused "Philadelphia chromosome" in myelogenous leukemia is
form a mutated gene.
BCR-ABL
8. The fused chromosomes that forms a mutated BCR-ABL gene in
chronic myelogenous leukemia is known as the chromosome.
Philadelphia
9. Match the following terms to the correct description: Driver,
Passenger, Stem cell, tumor, metastasis.
Mutation that imparts a growth advantage on a cancer
Undifferentiated cell that can still become part of any system
Mutation that does not contribute to the phenotype of cancer
Defects in cells that lead to a loss of localization restraints
Solid mass growth resulting from a loss of proliferation control
10. Using the development of colon cancer as an example, explain
how the process of tumorigenesis can occur in distinct stages through
the accumulation of mutations.
The first stage of colon cancer involves the growth of a polyp, or
adenoma, which is a small cluster of cells that is defective in a gene
called APC. APC encodes for the differentiation of normal intestinal
cells, so the polyp accumulates undifferentiated cells. A polyp is still
benign and localized to its spot in the colon. Over time, genetic
, mutations occur in the polyp, and typically the mutation of the Kras
gene, which regulates cell growth, causes it to become constitutively
active. The polyp becomes quite large at this point, up to 1 cm. In the
third stage of colon cancer, more mutations occur in the polyp that
control cell growth, death, and cell cycle regulation. The adenoma
becomes a carcinoma and can invade other regions of the colon as
well as travel to other regions of the body to form metastases.
11. Most scientists believe that the biggest driver of a cancer
phenotype is
The inability of a cancer cell to repair DNA damage
12. Differentiated cells are cells that provide a specific function
in the body.
Mature
13. True or false: Differentiated cells have matured to provide a
specific function in the body.
True
14. A tumor that is confined to a localized region of the body is
called a tumor. If that tumor breaks off and can invade other
tissues, it is called a tumor.
benign; malignant
15. Most scientists believe that the biggest driver of a cancer
phenotype is the inability of the cell to:
Repair
16. T/F: Differentiated cells have matured to provide a specific
function in the body.
True
17. Give three examples of differentiated cells that still divide.
Cells lining the GI tract, epithelial cells in the skin, hair follicle cells,
cells in the immune system
18. Match the following terms to the correct description: G1/S,
G2/M, M
Ensures that the cell is an adequate size and DNA is undamaged
Ensures that all DNA replication and repair is completed
Ensures that spindle fibers are fully formed and attached to the
kinetochores/centromere system
19. True or False: The two classes of proteins that monitor the
progression of the cell cycle are the cyclins and cyclin-dependent
kinases (CDKs)
True
