BIOD 102 Exam 1 | Questions and Answers Latest
Updated (Graded A+)- Portage Learning
1. Replication of DNA begins at a single origin of replication and then
proceeds the entire length of the strand, in one direction (T/F)
False
2. What enzyme is responsible for relieving the stress associated with
the twisting and untwisting of a DNA strand during replication.
Topoisomerase
3. As a replicated DNA strand elongates, what enzyme is responsible for
adding nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
4. The energy required to add a nucleotide to a growing chain is
supplied by an exergonic reaction involving the hydrolysis of the
nucleotide's pyrophosphate tail (T/F)
True
5. During elongation, in which direction are new nucleotides being
added to the leading strand?
5' —> 3'
6. The leading strand requires # of RNA primers, and the lagging
strand requires # of RNA primers.
One; more than one (2)
7. What replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides in a newly
synthesized strand?
DNA Polymerase
8. A class of DNA polymerase patrols newly added nucleotides and will
remove nucleotides that are erroneous. How does the polymerase
"know" a nucleotide is misplaced.
Newly added nucleotides are compared to the complimentary
template (parent) strand.
9. Mismatch repair is the process of identifying nucleotides that are
inappropriately matched, such as guanine with a thymine, and
removes the incorrect nucleotide from the newly synthesized strand
(t/f)
True
10. Nucleotide excision repair (cutting DNA) is accomplished by
what enzyme?
Nucleases
11. Telomeres contain a large proportion of vital coding DNA (T/F)
, False
12. What cells of the body are shielded from telomere shortening?
Germ cells
13. Telomerase activity in somatic cells has implications for:
Cancer
14. Match the following to their descriptions: Gene, Genotype,
Phenotype, Transcription
a) Unit of hereditary composed of DNA; passed from parent to
offspring
b) Sequence of genetic information
c) Observable characteristics resulting from genotype.
d) The process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template
15. Process of interpreting mRNA to sequence of amino
acids/proteins
Translation
16. # of bases encode for # of different amino acids
4; 20
17. is read in a triple codon reading frame
mRNA
18. The TATA box is necessary for initiation of transcription and is
located on the DNA strand (t/f)
True
19. What enzyme is responsible for converting a DNA strand into
RNA?
RNA polymerase
20. Pre-mRNA may undergo what modifications?
5' cap, 3’ poly-A tail, splicing of introns
21. What is the role of tRNA in the cell?
Transfer amino acids from cytosol to the growing amino acid chain.
22. Which RNA molecules are responsible for transferring amino
acids during translation?
tRNA
23. Why is the amino acid methionine (met) added at initiation of
translation?
Updated (Graded A+)- Portage Learning
1. Replication of DNA begins at a single origin of replication and then
proceeds the entire length of the strand, in one direction (T/F)
False
2. What enzyme is responsible for relieving the stress associated with
the twisting and untwisting of a DNA strand during replication.
Topoisomerase
3. As a replicated DNA strand elongates, what enzyme is responsible for
adding nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
4. The energy required to add a nucleotide to a growing chain is
supplied by an exergonic reaction involving the hydrolysis of the
nucleotide's pyrophosphate tail (T/F)
True
5. During elongation, in which direction are new nucleotides being
added to the leading strand?
5' —> 3'
6. The leading strand requires # of RNA primers, and the lagging
strand requires # of RNA primers.
One; more than one (2)
7. What replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides in a newly
synthesized strand?
DNA Polymerase
8. A class of DNA polymerase patrols newly added nucleotides and will
remove nucleotides that are erroneous. How does the polymerase
"know" a nucleotide is misplaced.
Newly added nucleotides are compared to the complimentary
template (parent) strand.
9. Mismatch repair is the process of identifying nucleotides that are
inappropriately matched, such as guanine with a thymine, and
removes the incorrect nucleotide from the newly synthesized strand
(t/f)
True
10. Nucleotide excision repair (cutting DNA) is accomplished by
what enzyme?
Nucleases
11. Telomeres contain a large proportion of vital coding DNA (T/F)
, False
12. What cells of the body are shielded from telomere shortening?
Germ cells
13. Telomerase activity in somatic cells has implications for:
Cancer
14. Match the following to their descriptions: Gene, Genotype,
Phenotype, Transcription
a) Unit of hereditary composed of DNA; passed from parent to
offspring
b) Sequence of genetic information
c) Observable characteristics resulting from genotype.
d) The process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template
15. Process of interpreting mRNA to sequence of amino
acids/proteins
Translation
16. # of bases encode for # of different amino acids
4; 20
17. is read in a triple codon reading frame
mRNA
18. The TATA box is necessary for initiation of transcription and is
located on the DNA strand (t/f)
True
19. What enzyme is responsible for converting a DNA strand into
RNA?
RNA polymerase
20. Pre-mRNA may undergo what modifications?
5' cap, 3’ poly-A tail, splicing of introns
21. What is the role of tRNA in the cell?
Transfer amino acids from cytosol to the growing amino acid chain.
22. Which RNA molecules are responsible for transferring amino
acids during translation?
tRNA
23. Why is the amino acid methionine (met) added at initiation of
translation?
