UAMS MICROBIOLOGY EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026/2027
Name the different organism morphologies - ANS Coccus
Coccobacillus
Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
Spirochete
Name the bacterial arrangements - ANS Coccus
diplococcus
staphylococci
streptococci
sarcina
tetrad
Describe a Filamentous Rod - ANS A long string of bacillus bacteria
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Describe a Fusiform Rod - ANS Bacteria that is pointed on the ends
Describe Pleomorphic Rods - ANS Different lengths and shapes of the same bacteria
What is the melting and liquid temperatures of agar? - ANS Polysaccharide melts at 100C and
stays liquid until 45-50C.
Nutrient Agar - ANS The most basic growth media for bacteria. Examples: TSA and Nutrient
Agars
Enriched Media - ANS Supplemented with various substances to encourage growth of
fastidious organisms. Examples: BAP and Chocolate.
Enrichment Broths - ANS Enhance the growth of specific MOs while inhibiting the growth of
others. Examples: GN, Selenite, LIM and Trans-Vag broths.
Nonselective Media - ANS No antimicrobial substances and allows growth of most organisms.
Examples: BAP and Chocolate.
Selective Media - ANS Contains antimicrobial substances which allows the growth of specific
bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others. Examples: PEA, CNA, MAC, EMB
Microaerophilic - ANS Decreased oxygen (5-10% O2). Example: Campylobacter
Capnophilic - ANS Increased CO2 (5-10% CO2) Example: Haemophilus influenza.
Humidophilic - ANS Increased humidity (70-80%)
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Incinerating - ANS Burns and physically destroys MOs
Intermittent Boiling - ANS Kills all MOs (3-30 minute intervals of boiling at 100C and cooling
kills endospores)
Autoclaving - ANS Steam under pressure (15 psi at 121C for 15 minutes)
Dry Heat - ANS Hot air oven (160C for 2 hours)
Irradiation - ANS Destroys and distorts nucleic acids of MOs. Examples: UV lamps, Gamma
radiation, Electron beam radiation.
Filtration - ANS Physical removal of bacterial cells from liquids, gases and air. Example: HEPA
filters
Opportunistic Pathogen - ANS MOs that can cause disease in compromised patient.
Pathogen - ANS MOs which can cause disease in health individuals.
Virulence - ANS Pathogenicity of the bacteria.
Exotoxins - ANS Protein toxins released from viable bacteria.
Produced by gram negative and positive bacteria.
Usually localized and effect a specific cell type.
Inhibit protein synthesis in human cells.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026/2027
Name the different organism morphologies - ANS Coccus
Coccobacillus
Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
Spirochete
Name the bacterial arrangements - ANS Coccus
diplococcus
staphylococci
streptococci
sarcina
tetrad
Describe a Filamentous Rod - ANS A long string of bacillus bacteria
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Describe a Fusiform Rod - ANS Bacteria that is pointed on the ends
Describe Pleomorphic Rods - ANS Different lengths and shapes of the same bacteria
What is the melting and liquid temperatures of agar? - ANS Polysaccharide melts at 100C and
stays liquid until 45-50C.
Nutrient Agar - ANS The most basic growth media for bacteria. Examples: TSA and Nutrient
Agars
Enriched Media - ANS Supplemented with various substances to encourage growth of
fastidious organisms. Examples: BAP and Chocolate.
Enrichment Broths - ANS Enhance the growth of specific MOs while inhibiting the growth of
others. Examples: GN, Selenite, LIM and Trans-Vag broths.
Nonselective Media - ANS No antimicrobial substances and allows growth of most organisms.
Examples: BAP and Chocolate.
Selective Media - ANS Contains antimicrobial substances which allows the growth of specific
bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others. Examples: PEA, CNA, MAC, EMB
Microaerophilic - ANS Decreased oxygen (5-10% O2). Example: Campylobacter
Capnophilic - ANS Increased CO2 (5-10% CO2) Example: Haemophilus influenza.
Humidophilic - ANS Increased humidity (70-80%)
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Incinerating - ANS Burns and physically destroys MOs
Intermittent Boiling - ANS Kills all MOs (3-30 minute intervals of boiling at 100C and cooling
kills endospores)
Autoclaving - ANS Steam under pressure (15 psi at 121C for 15 minutes)
Dry Heat - ANS Hot air oven (160C for 2 hours)
Irradiation - ANS Destroys and distorts nucleic acids of MOs. Examples: UV lamps, Gamma
radiation, Electron beam radiation.
Filtration - ANS Physical removal of bacterial cells from liquids, gases and air. Example: HEPA
filters
Opportunistic Pathogen - ANS MOs that can cause disease in compromised patient.
Pathogen - ANS MOs which can cause disease in health individuals.
Virulence - ANS Pathogenicity of the bacteria.
Exotoxins - ANS Protein toxins released from viable bacteria.
Produced by gram negative and positive bacteria.
Usually localized and effect a specific cell type.
Inhibit protein synthesis in human cells.
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
