NSG 122 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Infectious agent - ANS bacteria, viruses, fungi
Portal of exit - ANS a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has
been growing
Reservoirs of infection - ANS Natural habitat of the organism
Means of transmission - ANS direct contact, indirect contact, airborne route
Infection cycle Steps - ANS 1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Means of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Portal of entry - ANS Part of the body where organisms enter
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,Susceptible host - ANS a person likely to get an infection or disease
Transmission barriers - ANS help prevent the transporting of pathogens from the infected
person to the general environment.
Common Portals of Exit - ANS -Respiratory
-Gastrointestinal
-Genitourinary tracts
-Breaks in skin
-Blood and tissue
Most common infectious agent - ANS bacteria, virus, fungi
bacteria - ANS most significant and most prevalent in hospital settings
virus - ANS smallest of all microorganisms; can be seen only by using an electron microscope
Fungi - ANS Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water
Stages of Infection - ANS Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Full stage illness
Convalescent period
Incubation period - ANS organism growing and multiplying
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, Prodromal stage - ANS person is most infectious
Full stage illness - ANS Presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
Convalescent period - ANS Recovery from the infection
Hand hygiene - ANS is the priority intervention for decreasing the spread of infection.
Prodromal Stage - ANS During which stage of infection is the patient most contagious
Body's Defense Against Infection - ANS -Normal flora in the body
-Inflammatory response
-Immune response
Cardinal Sign of Acute Infection - ANS -Redness
-Heat
-Swelling
-Pain
-Loss of function
Data Indicating Infection - ANS -Elevated white blood cells count from 5,00-10,000
-Increase in specific types of white blood cells
-Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
-Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures
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ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Infectious agent - ANS bacteria, viruses, fungi
Portal of exit - ANS a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has
been growing
Reservoirs of infection - ANS Natural habitat of the organism
Means of transmission - ANS direct contact, indirect contact, airborne route
Infection cycle Steps - ANS 1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Means of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Portal of entry - ANS Part of the body where organisms enter
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Susceptible host - ANS a person likely to get an infection or disease
Transmission barriers - ANS help prevent the transporting of pathogens from the infected
person to the general environment.
Common Portals of Exit - ANS -Respiratory
-Gastrointestinal
-Genitourinary tracts
-Breaks in skin
-Blood and tissue
Most common infectious agent - ANS bacteria, virus, fungi
bacteria - ANS most significant and most prevalent in hospital settings
virus - ANS smallest of all microorganisms; can be seen only by using an electron microscope
Fungi - ANS Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water
Stages of Infection - ANS Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Full stage illness
Convalescent period
Incubation period - ANS organism growing and multiplying
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Prodromal stage - ANS person is most infectious
Full stage illness - ANS Presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
Convalescent period - ANS Recovery from the infection
Hand hygiene - ANS is the priority intervention for decreasing the spread of infection.
Prodromal Stage - ANS During which stage of infection is the patient most contagious
Body's Defense Against Infection - ANS -Normal flora in the body
-Inflammatory response
-Immune response
Cardinal Sign of Acute Infection - ANS -Redness
-Heat
-Swelling
-Pain
-Loss of function
Data Indicating Infection - ANS -Elevated white blood cells count from 5,00-10,000
-Increase in specific types of white blood cells
-Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
-Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
