UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 ADV PATHO
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS 2026/2027
Seven specialized cellular functions: - ANS movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, and reproduction
Nucleus - ANS aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg
yolk)
Ribosomes - ANS RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis; packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - ANS specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein
and lipid components of most of the cells organelles (memory factory)
Golgi complex - ANS Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and
transports within and outside of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and
out of cytoplasm)
Lysosomes - ANS An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes,
digest debris from dead cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in
starvation
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Mitochondria - ANS Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production; pathway for metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell
alive; can grow and self-replicate in the cell
Cytoskeleton - ANS A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its
shape, and aids in movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
Characteristics of plasma membrane - ANS made up of lipids and proteins; the basic
component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the structural integrity of the
membrane
The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma
membrane - ANS Phospholipid layer
Prokaryote - ANS unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include
cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
Eukaryote - ANS organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/
intracellular anatomy
cellular receptors - ANS protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in
the nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
3 types of cellular receptors - ANS plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors,
non-channel-linked receptors
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS 2026/2027
Seven specialized cellular functions: - ANS movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, and reproduction
Nucleus - ANS aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg
yolk)
Ribosomes - ANS RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular
protein synthesis; packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - ANS specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein
and lipid components of most of the cells organelles (memory factory)
Golgi complex - ANS Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and
transports within and outside of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and
out of cytoplasm)
Lysosomes - ANS An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes,
digest debris from dead cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in
starvation
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Mitochondria - ANS Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production; pathway for metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell
alive; can grow and self-replicate in the cell
Cytoskeleton - ANS A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its
shape, and aids in movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
Characteristics of plasma membrane - ANS made up of lipids and proteins; the basic
component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are responsible for the structural integrity of the
membrane
The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma
membrane - ANS Phospholipid layer
Prokaryote - ANS unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include
cyanobacteria, bacteria, and rickettsia)
Eukaryote - ANS organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/
intracellular anatomy
cellular receptors - ANS protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in
the nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
3 types of cellular receptors - ANS plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors,
non-channel-linked receptors
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
