NSG 223 EXAM FOUR
BLUEPRINT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2026-2027
GRADED A+
Carbonia anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide, dorzolamide) {Decrease aqueous humor
production}
Prostaglandin analogs (latanoprost, bimatoprost) {Increase uveoscleral outflow}
Glaucoma nursing management - CORRECT ANSWER-NO CURE-slows progression of the disease
but does not cure it
Assess for knowledge level and adherence to their prescribed medication.
The lifelong therapeutic regimen mandates patient education. The nature of the disease and the
importance of strict adherence to the medication regimen must be included in an individualized
education plan
REASSURANCE AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, IN HOME CARE IF BLINDNESS OCCURS, has a familial
tendency, educate family on getting tested
,Medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-When multiple eyedrops are required, there
should be an interval of 5 to 10 minutes between drops
Apply pressure to the tear duct to discourage systemic absorption for 3-5 minutes after
instillation to decrease systemic absorption
Eye drops and ointments: Ointments are administered less frequently and higher concentration
but cause blurred vision
Do not use after expiration date, cloudy, discolored solution should be discarded
Some eyedrops contain benzalkonium hydrochloride, a preservative, which is absorbed by soft
contact lenses. The medications should not be applied while wearing soft contacts and should
be instilled 15 minutes or longer before inserting soft contacts.
Cataracts nursing assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-Leading cause of blindness in the world
One or both eyes
Painless blurry vision- percieves surroundings as dimmer, reduced contrast sensitivity, sensitivity
to glare, reduced visual acuity, myopic shift, astigmatism, monocular diplopia, color changes
Decreased visual acuity is directly proportionate to cataract density. The Snellen visual acuity
test, ophthalmoscopy, and slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination are used to establish the
degree of cataract formation. The degree of lens opacity does not always correlate with the
patient's functional status. Some patients can perform normal activities despite clinically
significant cataracts. Others with less lens opacification have a disproportionate decrease in
visual acuity; hence, visual acuity is an imperfect measure of visual impairment
, Surgical nursing management- Cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER-No non-surgical treatment cures
cataracts or prevents age related cataracts-optical management is prevention (Smoking
cessation, weight reduction, optimal blood glucose control, sunglasses outdoors.)
Only does if cataract interferes with normal activities
Cataract removal
Outpatient bases, usually takes less than one hour and is discharged in 30 minutes or less
afterward
One eye treated at a time with several weeks (preferably months) between surgeries to
evaluate if treatment was effective
Phacoemulsification-Portion of the anterior capsule is removed, allowing extraction of the lens
nucleus and cortex while the posterior capsule and zonular support are left intact, ultrasonic
device is used to liquefy the nucleus and cortex which are then suctioned out through a tube:
pupil is dilated to 7 mm or greater.The surgeon makes a small incision on the upper edge of the
cornea and a viscoelastic substance (clear gel) is injected into the space between the cornea
and the lens. This prevents the space from collapsing and facilitates insertion of the IOL
LENS REPLACEMENT: three lens replacement options: aphakic eyeglasses, contact lenses, and
IOL implants (most common) CONTRAINDICATED IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT UVEITIS,
PROLIFERATING DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, NEOVASCULAR GLAUCOMA, OR RUBEOSIS IRIDIS
Discharge teaching - CORRECT ANSWER-Before discharge, the patient receives verbal and
written education regarding eye protection, administration of medications, recognition of
complications, activities to avoid, and obtaining emergency care
An eye shield is usually worn at night for the first week to avoid injury. The nurse also explains
that there should be minimal discomfort after surgery and educates the patient about taking a
BLUEPRINT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2026-2027
GRADED A+
Carbonia anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide, dorzolamide) {Decrease aqueous humor
production}
Prostaglandin analogs (latanoprost, bimatoprost) {Increase uveoscleral outflow}
Glaucoma nursing management - CORRECT ANSWER-NO CURE-slows progression of the disease
but does not cure it
Assess for knowledge level and adherence to their prescribed medication.
The lifelong therapeutic regimen mandates patient education. The nature of the disease and the
importance of strict adherence to the medication regimen must be included in an individualized
education plan
REASSURANCE AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, IN HOME CARE IF BLINDNESS OCCURS, has a familial
tendency, educate family on getting tested
,Medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-When multiple eyedrops are required, there
should be an interval of 5 to 10 minutes between drops
Apply pressure to the tear duct to discourage systemic absorption for 3-5 minutes after
instillation to decrease systemic absorption
Eye drops and ointments: Ointments are administered less frequently and higher concentration
but cause blurred vision
Do not use after expiration date, cloudy, discolored solution should be discarded
Some eyedrops contain benzalkonium hydrochloride, a preservative, which is absorbed by soft
contact lenses. The medications should not be applied while wearing soft contacts and should
be instilled 15 minutes or longer before inserting soft contacts.
Cataracts nursing assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-Leading cause of blindness in the world
One or both eyes
Painless blurry vision- percieves surroundings as dimmer, reduced contrast sensitivity, sensitivity
to glare, reduced visual acuity, myopic shift, astigmatism, monocular diplopia, color changes
Decreased visual acuity is directly proportionate to cataract density. The Snellen visual acuity
test, ophthalmoscopy, and slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination are used to establish the
degree of cataract formation. The degree of lens opacity does not always correlate with the
patient's functional status. Some patients can perform normal activities despite clinically
significant cataracts. Others with less lens opacification have a disproportionate decrease in
visual acuity; hence, visual acuity is an imperfect measure of visual impairment
, Surgical nursing management- Cataracts - CORRECT ANSWER-No non-surgical treatment cures
cataracts or prevents age related cataracts-optical management is prevention (Smoking
cessation, weight reduction, optimal blood glucose control, sunglasses outdoors.)
Only does if cataract interferes with normal activities
Cataract removal
Outpatient bases, usually takes less than one hour and is discharged in 30 minutes or less
afterward
One eye treated at a time with several weeks (preferably months) between surgeries to
evaluate if treatment was effective
Phacoemulsification-Portion of the anterior capsule is removed, allowing extraction of the lens
nucleus and cortex while the posterior capsule and zonular support are left intact, ultrasonic
device is used to liquefy the nucleus and cortex which are then suctioned out through a tube:
pupil is dilated to 7 mm or greater.The surgeon makes a small incision on the upper edge of the
cornea and a viscoelastic substance (clear gel) is injected into the space between the cornea
and the lens. This prevents the space from collapsing and facilitates insertion of the IOL
LENS REPLACEMENT: three lens replacement options: aphakic eyeglasses, contact lenses, and
IOL implants (most common) CONTRAINDICATED IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT UVEITIS,
PROLIFERATING DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, NEOVASCULAR GLAUCOMA, OR RUBEOSIS IRIDIS
Discharge teaching - CORRECT ANSWER-Before discharge, the patient receives verbal and
written education regarding eye protection, administration of medications, recognition of
complications, activities to avoid, and obtaining emergency care
An eye shield is usually worn at night for the first week to avoid injury. The nurse also explains
that there should be minimal discomfort after surgery and educates the patient about taking a
