CMN 577 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ A teen athlete with shin pain that worsens with running likely has:
A. Tibial fracture
B. Shin splints
C. Compartment syndrome
D. Osteosarcoma.
Answer: Shin splints
◍ What 2 drugs are approved for the tx of mild to moderate dementia?.
Answer: tacrinegalantamine
◍ A toddler with refusal to bear weight and a "positive log roll test" likely has:
A. Transient synovitis
B. Perthes disease
C. Septic arthritis
D. Tibial fracture.
Answer: Septic arthritis
◍ Laboratory orders for normal pressure hydrocephalus should include what?.
Answer: CBC, CMP, TSH, and B12
◍ Fronto-temporal dementia causes what?.
Answer: personality changes, behavior, and language
◍ A child with wheezing, eczema, and a family history of asthma most likely
has:
A. COPD
B. Bronchiolitis
C. Asthma
, D. Croup.
Answer: Asthma
◍ refers to the capacity of an individual or an organization to be respectful of,
and responsive to, the cultural andlinguistic beliefs, behaviors, practices, and
needs of diverse patients and their communities.
Answer: cultural competence
◍ . The World Health Organization (WHO) defines old age as the
chronological age of __ years or older in developed world countries.
Answer: 65
◍ How is Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) diagnosed?.
Answer: thorough history as well as physical examination, lab work and a
CT or MRI of the head
◍ Warning signs of alzheimer's.
Answer: Memory LossChallenges in planning or problem solvingDifficulty
completing familiar tasks at work, home, or leisureConfusion with time or
placeMisplacing things and losing the ability to retrace the stepsDecreased
or poor judgmentWithdrawal from work or social activitiesChanges in mood
or personality
◍ Dementia with Lewy bodies causes what?.
Answer: visual hallucinations and rigidity
◍ Vascular dementia: less than __% of all dementias.
Answer: 10
◍ A patient with unilateral leg swelling and warmth needs which test FIRST?
A. D-dimer
B. Venous Doppler
C. MRI
D. CT scan.
Answer: Venous Doppler
◍ CT scan of head is preferrable for possible stroke as an acute hemorrhage
, may not be seen on MRI for up to __ hours.
Answer: 48
◍ What abx should be avoided long-term in patients with renal insufficiency?.
Answer: nitrofurantoin
◍ A 15-year-old presents with knee pain and a positive Lachman test. What is
the diagnosis?
A. MCL tear
B. ACL tear
C. Meniscal tear
D. Tibial fracture.
Answer: ACL tear
◍ defined as a difference or gap in health outcomes between populations that
is linked to social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.
Answer: health disparity
◍ What med is indicated for mod to severe dementia?.
Answer: Memantine (Namenda)
◍ A child with continuous, machine-like murmur likely has:
A. ASD
B. VSD
C. PDA
D. Tetralogy of Fallot.
Answer: PDA
◍ With familial alzheimer's when is the usual onset?.
Answer: before 60 (40s-50s)
◍ A child with itchy scalp and broken hairs likely has:
A. Seborrhea
B. Psoriasis
C. Tinea capitis
D. Eczema.
Answer: Tinea capitis
, ◍ What is preferred tx. of bppv?.
Answer: particle repositioning therapy (Eply maneuver)
◍ A 4-year-old with fever, drooling, and refusal to swallow likely has:
A. Croup
B. Epiglottitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Tonsillitis.
Answer: Epiglottitis
◍ Alzheimer's disease accounts for __to __ percent of dementia cases..
Answer: 60-80
◍ is a simple, three-word recall plus clock draw test that will provide initial
screening for memory impairment.
Answer: mini-cog
◍ single gene defect on chromosome 4- leads to abnormal involuntary
movements, severe decline in thinking and reasoning skills, irritability,
depression, and other mood changes.
Answer: Huntington's disease
◍ A teenager with fever, splenomegaly, and fatigue should avoid:
A. Dairy
B. Contact sports
C. Exercise
D. NSAIDs.
Answer: Contact sports
◍ What are examples of instrumental activities of daily living? (8).
Answer: 1. telephone use2. shopping3. food prep4. housekeeping5.
laundry6. mode of transportation7. responsibility of own meds8. ability to
handle finances
◍ A 25-year-old female with asymmetrical breath sounds after choking likely
has:
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ A teen athlete with shin pain that worsens with running likely has:
A. Tibial fracture
B. Shin splints
C. Compartment syndrome
D. Osteosarcoma.
Answer: Shin splints
◍ What 2 drugs are approved for the tx of mild to moderate dementia?.
Answer: tacrinegalantamine
◍ A toddler with refusal to bear weight and a "positive log roll test" likely has:
A. Transient synovitis
B. Perthes disease
C. Septic arthritis
D. Tibial fracture.
Answer: Septic arthritis
◍ Laboratory orders for normal pressure hydrocephalus should include what?.
Answer: CBC, CMP, TSH, and B12
◍ Fronto-temporal dementia causes what?.
Answer: personality changes, behavior, and language
◍ A child with wheezing, eczema, and a family history of asthma most likely
has:
A. COPD
B. Bronchiolitis
C. Asthma
, D. Croup.
Answer: Asthma
◍ refers to the capacity of an individual or an organization to be respectful of,
and responsive to, the cultural andlinguistic beliefs, behaviors, practices, and
needs of diverse patients and their communities.
Answer: cultural competence
◍ . The World Health Organization (WHO) defines old age as the
chronological age of __ years or older in developed world countries.
Answer: 65
◍ How is Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) diagnosed?.
Answer: thorough history as well as physical examination, lab work and a
CT or MRI of the head
◍ Warning signs of alzheimer's.
Answer: Memory LossChallenges in planning or problem solvingDifficulty
completing familiar tasks at work, home, or leisureConfusion with time or
placeMisplacing things and losing the ability to retrace the stepsDecreased
or poor judgmentWithdrawal from work or social activitiesChanges in mood
or personality
◍ Dementia with Lewy bodies causes what?.
Answer: visual hallucinations and rigidity
◍ Vascular dementia: less than __% of all dementias.
Answer: 10
◍ A patient with unilateral leg swelling and warmth needs which test FIRST?
A. D-dimer
B. Venous Doppler
C. MRI
D. CT scan.
Answer: Venous Doppler
◍ CT scan of head is preferrable for possible stroke as an acute hemorrhage
, may not be seen on MRI for up to __ hours.
Answer: 48
◍ What abx should be avoided long-term in patients with renal insufficiency?.
Answer: nitrofurantoin
◍ A 15-year-old presents with knee pain and a positive Lachman test. What is
the diagnosis?
A. MCL tear
B. ACL tear
C. Meniscal tear
D. Tibial fracture.
Answer: ACL tear
◍ defined as a difference or gap in health outcomes between populations that
is linked to social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.
Answer: health disparity
◍ What med is indicated for mod to severe dementia?.
Answer: Memantine (Namenda)
◍ A child with continuous, machine-like murmur likely has:
A. ASD
B. VSD
C. PDA
D. Tetralogy of Fallot.
Answer: PDA
◍ With familial alzheimer's when is the usual onset?.
Answer: before 60 (40s-50s)
◍ A child with itchy scalp and broken hairs likely has:
A. Seborrhea
B. Psoriasis
C. Tinea capitis
D. Eczema.
Answer: Tinea capitis
, ◍ What is preferred tx. of bppv?.
Answer: particle repositioning therapy (Eply maneuver)
◍ A 4-year-old with fever, drooling, and refusal to swallow likely has:
A. Croup
B. Epiglottitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Tonsillitis.
Answer: Epiglottitis
◍ Alzheimer's disease accounts for __to __ percent of dementia cases..
Answer: 60-80
◍ is a simple, three-word recall plus clock draw test that will provide initial
screening for memory impairment.
Answer: mini-cog
◍ single gene defect on chromosome 4- leads to abnormal involuntary
movements, severe decline in thinking and reasoning skills, irritability,
depression, and other mood changes.
Answer: Huntington's disease
◍ A teenager with fever, splenomegaly, and fatigue should avoid:
A. Dairy
B. Contact sports
C. Exercise
D. NSAIDs.
Answer: Contact sports
◍ What are examples of instrumental activities of daily living? (8).
Answer: 1. telephone use2. shopping3. food prep4. housekeeping5.
laundry6. mode of transportation7. responsibility of own meds8. ability to
handle finances
◍ A 25-year-old female with asymmetrical breath sounds after choking likely
has:
