MEYERS AP PSYCHOLOGY FINAL REVIEW
1.Empiricism: the view that knowledge originates in experience and
that science should, therefore, rely on observation and
experimentation
2.Structuralism: an early school of psychology that used introspection
to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
3.Functionalism: a school of psychology that focused on how mental
and behav- ioral processes function - how they enable the organism to
adapt, survive, and flourish
4.Experimental Psychology: the study of behavior and thinking using the
experi- mental method
5.Behaviorism: the view that psychology (1) should be an objective
science that
(2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most
research psychol- ogists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
6.Humanistic Psychology: historically significant perspective that
emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's
potential for personal growth
,7.Cognitive Neuroscience: The interdisciplinary study of the brain
activity (includ- ing perception, thinking, memory, and language) linked
with cognition.
8.Psychology: the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
9.Nature-Nurture Issue: the longstanding controversy over the relative
contribu- tions that genes and experience make to the development of
psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and
behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
10.Natural Selection: the principle that, among the range of inherited
trait vari- ations, those that lead to increased reproduction and
survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
11.Levels of Analysis: the differing complementary views, from
biological to psy- chological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given
phenomenon
12.Biopsychosocial Approach: an integrated perspective that
incorporates bio- logical, psychological, and social-cultural levels of
analysis
13.Biological Psychology: a branch of psychology that studies the links
be- tween biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and
, psychological processes
14.Evolutionary Psychology: the study of the roots of behavior and
mental processes using the principles of natural selection
15.Psychodynamic Therapy: therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic
tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces
and childhood experi- ences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight
16.Behavioral Psychology: the scientific study of observable behavior,
and its explanation by principles of learning
17.Cognitive Psychology: the scientific study of all the mental activities
associat- ed with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
18.Social-Cultural Psychology: the study of how situations and cultures
affect our behavior and thinking
19.Psychometrics: the scientific study of the measurement of human
abilities, attitudes, and traits
20.Basic Research: pure science that aims to increase the scientific
knowledge base
1.Empiricism: the view that knowledge originates in experience and
that science should, therefore, rely on observation and
experimentation
2.Structuralism: an early school of psychology that used introspection
to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
3.Functionalism: a school of psychology that focused on how mental
and behav- ioral processes function - how they enable the organism to
adapt, survive, and flourish
4.Experimental Psychology: the study of behavior and thinking using the
experi- mental method
5.Behaviorism: the view that psychology (1) should be an objective
science that
(2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most
research psychol- ogists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
6.Humanistic Psychology: historically significant perspective that
emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's
potential for personal growth
,7.Cognitive Neuroscience: The interdisciplinary study of the brain
activity (includ- ing perception, thinking, memory, and language) linked
with cognition.
8.Psychology: the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
9.Nature-Nurture Issue: the longstanding controversy over the relative
contribu- tions that genes and experience make to the development of
psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and
behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
10.Natural Selection: the principle that, among the range of inherited
trait vari- ations, those that lead to increased reproduction and
survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
11.Levels of Analysis: the differing complementary views, from
biological to psy- chological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given
phenomenon
12.Biopsychosocial Approach: an integrated perspective that
incorporates bio- logical, psychological, and social-cultural levels of
analysis
13.Biological Psychology: a branch of psychology that studies the links
be- tween biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and
, psychological processes
14.Evolutionary Psychology: the study of the roots of behavior and
mental processes using the principles of natural selection
15.Psychodynamic Therapy: therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic
tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces
and childhood experi- ences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight
16.Behavioral Psychology: the scientific study of observable behavior,
and its explanation by principles of learning
17.Cognitive Psychology: the scientific study of all the mental activities
associat- ed with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
18.Social-Cultural Psychology: the study of how situations and cultures
affect our behavior and thinking
19.Psychometrics: the scientific study of the measurement of human
abilities, attitudes, and traits
20.Basic Research: pure science that aims to increase the scientific
knowledge base
