PNB 2265 exam 3 Questions with
Correct Answers.
Which of the following can be used to regulate TPR in order to maintain a normal MAP?
A. Erythropoietin
B. Epinephrine
C. Active hyperemia (vasodilation in response to a tissue's decrease in oxygen.) D.
Sympathetic activation of venous smooth muscle
E. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWES -- B. Epinephrine
2. Angiotensin II - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasoconstrictor
-has to do with our kidneys
-inc BP bc it increases TPR
what can change compliance? - CORRECT ANSWES -- vein
what is a pressure reservoir with high compliance? - CORRECT ANSWES -- elastic
artery
consists of one tunic layer only - CORRECT ANSWES -- capillary
can change TPR - CORRECT ANSWES -- arteriole
distributes blood to tissue; feed into arterioles - CORRECT ANSWES -- muscular artery
local control
*do not influence systemic BP
-just a way to fine tune or tweak what is going on in an individual capillary bed
(adjusting one does not change BP) - CORRECT ANSWES -- *intrinsic
-vasodilation due to high CO2, high H+ or low O2
-vasoconstrict due to thromboxane TXA2)
, arteriole regulation: neural (reflex) control - CORRECT ANSWES -- sympathetic NS
innervates arterioles alone, not the parasym. NS
*symp. NS responsible for the vasoconstriction (alpha receptors) and the vasodilation
(beta receptors)
hormonal control (arterial regulation) - CORRECT ANSWES -- 1-3>>
1. Epinephrine
(sympathetic NS - fight/ flight response) - CORRECT ANSWES -- A)
VasoCONSTRICTOR for vessels with alpha-AR (Gq, PLC --> Ca2+)
-alpha-AR can inc. Ca2+
-in places like kidneys and digestive organs you see these (minimized flow during fight/
flight)
B) VasoDILATOR for vessels with beta2-AR (Gs --> cAMP)
-in smooth muscle, cAMP causes relaxation (it is inhibitory to contraction)
*in vessels surrounding skeletal muscle and heart during fight/flight response
Which of the following will increase total peripheral resistance (TPR)? (there are 2)
An increase in a tissue's CO2 levels
A decrease in a tissue's oxygen levels
An increase in hematocrit
Sympathetic activation of alpha receptors Epinephrine acting on beta receptors -
CORRECT ANSWES -- an increase in Hct
sympathetic activation of alpha receptors (vasoconstriction!)
Which of the following can be used to regulate TPR in order to maintain a normal MAP?
A. Erythropoietin
B. Epinephrine
C. Active hyperemia (vasodilation in response to a tissue's decrease in oxygen.) D.
Sympathetic activation of venous smooth muscle
E. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWES -- B. Epinephrine
2. Angiotensin II - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasoconstrictor
-has to do with our kidneys
-inc BP bc it increases TPR
3. Nitric Oxide - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasodilator
-relaxes smooth muscle
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) - CORRECT ANSWES -- vasoDILATOR
Correct Answers.
Which of the following can be used to regulate TPR in order to maintain a normal MAP?
A. Erythropoietin
B. Epinephrine
C. Active hyperemia (vasodilation in response to a tissue's decrease in oxygen.) D.
Sympathetic activation of venous smooth muscle
E. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWES -- B. Epinephrine
2. Angiotensin II - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasoconstrictor
-has to do with our kidneys
-inc BP bc it increases TPR
what can change compliance? - CORRECT ANSWES -- vein
what is a pressure reservoir with high compliance? - CORRECT ANSWES -- elastic
artery
consists of one tunic layer only - CORRECT ANSWES -- capillary
can change TPR - CORRECT ANSWES -- arteriole
distributes blood to tissue; feed into arterioles - CORRECT ANSWES -- muscular artery
local control
*do not influence systemic BP
-just a way to fine tune or tweak what is going on in an individual capillary bed
(adjusting one does not change BP) - CORRECT ANSWES -- *intrinsic
-vasodilation due to high CO2, high H+ or low O2
-vasoconstrict due to thromboxane TXA2)
, arteriole regulation: neural (reflex) control - CORRECT ANSWES -- sympathetic NS
innervates arterioles alone, not the parasym. NS
*symp. NS responsible for the vasoconstriction (alpha receptors) and the vasodilation
(beta receptors)
hormonal control (arterial regulation) - CORRECT ANSWES -- 1-3>>
1. Epinephrine
(sympathetic NS - fight/ flight response) - CORRECT ANSWES -- A)
VasoCONSTRICTOR for vessels with alpha-AR (Gq, PLC --> Ca2+)
-alpha-AR can inc. Ca2+
-in places like kidneys and digestive organs you see these (minimized flow during fight/
flight)
B) VasoDILATOR for vessels with beta2-AR (Gs --> cAMP)
-in smooth muscle, cAMP causes relaxation (it is inhibitory to contraction)
*in vessels surrounding skeletal muscle and heart during fight/flight response
Which of the following will increase total peripheral resistance (TPR)? (there are 2)
An increase in a tissue's CO2 levels
A decrease in a tissue's oxygen levels
An increase in hematocrit
Sympathetic activation of alpha receptors Epinephrine acting on beta receptors -
CORRECT ANSWES -- an increase in Hct
sympathetic activation of alpha receptors (vasoconstriction!)
Which of the following can be used to regulate TPR in order to maintain a normal MAP?
A. Erythropoietin
B. Epinephrine
C. Active hyperemia (vasodilation in response to a tissue's decrease in oxygen.) D.
Sympathetic activation of venous smooth muscle
E. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWES -- B. Epinephrine
2. Angiotensin II - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasoconstrictor
-has to do with our kidneys
-inc BP bc it increases TPR
3. Nitric Oxide - CORRECT ANSWES -- strong vasodilator
-relaxes smooth muscle
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) - CORRECT ANSWES -- vasoDILATOR
