14 Solutions
JEE-Main
Expressing Concentrations of Solutions 5. Density of 3 M NaCl solution is 1.25 g/mL. The molality of the
solution is: [22 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
1. Sea water, which can be considered as a 6 molar (6 M) solution of (a) 2 m (b) 2.79 m (c) 1.79 m (d) 3 m
NaCl , has a density of 2 g mL−1. The concentration of dissolved 6. 20 mL of 2 M NaOH solution is added to 400 mL of 0.5 M NaOH
oxygen (O2) in sea water is 5.8 ppm . Then the concentration of solution. The final concentration of the solution is __________
dissolved oxygen (O2) in sea water, is x × 10−4 m. × 10–2 M.(Nearest integer) [22 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
x = _______. (Nearest integer) 7. The molarity of a 70% (mass/mass) aqueous solution of a
Given: Molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g mol −1 monobasic acid (X) is _____ × 10–1 M (Nearest integer)
[Given: Density of aqueous isolation of (X) is 1.25 g mL–1
Molar mass of O2 is 32 g mol−1[04 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] Molar mass of the acid is 70 g mol–1] [28 Jan, 2025 (Shift-I)]
2. Fortification of food with iron is done using FeSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2O . The 8. Concentrated nitric acid is labelled as 75% by mass. The volume
mass in grams of the FeSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2O required to achieve 12 in mL of the solution which contains 30 g of nitric acid is
ppm of iron in 150 kg of wheat is ________ (Nearest integer) __________.
[Given: Molar mass of Fe,S and O respectively are 56,32 and Given: Density of nitric acid solution is 1.25 g /m L.
16 g mol–1 ] [04 April, 2025 (Shift-I)]
[28 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
3. 10 mL of 2 M NaOH solution is added to 20 mL of 1 M HCl (a) 45 (b) 55 (c) 32 (d) 40
solution kept in a beaker. Now, 10 mL of this mixture is poured 9. The quantity which changes with temperature is:
into a volumetric flask of 100 mL containing 2 moles of HCl and [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
made the volume upto the mark with distilled water. The solution (a) Molarity (b) Mass percentage
in this flask is: [03 April, 2025 (Shift-II)]
(c) Molality (d) Mole fraction
(a) 0.2 M NaCl solution (b) 20 M HCl solution
(c) 10 M HCl solution (d) Neutral solution 10. Volume of 3M NaOH (formula weight 40 g mol–1) which can be
prepared from 84 g of NaOH is _____ × 10–1 dm3.
4. 'x' g of NaCl is added to water in a beaker with a lid. The [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
temperature of the system is raised from 1°C to 25°C. Which out
of the following plots, is best suited for the change in the molarity 11. A solution of H2SO4 is 31.4% H2SO4 by mass and has a density of
(M) of the solution with respect to temperature? 1.25g/mL.The molarity of the H2SO4 solution is____M (nearest
integer)
[Consider the solubility of NaCl remains unchanged over the
temperature range] [02 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] [Given molar mass of H2SO4 = 98g mol–1] [29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)]
12. Molality of 0.8 M H 2SO 4 solution (density 1.06 g cm –3) is
______×10–3 m.[29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
M M
(a) (b) 13. The mass of sodium acetate (CH3COONa) required to prepare
250 mL of 0.35 M aqueous solution is _____ g. (Molar mass of
5 10 15 CH3COONa is 82.02 g mol–1) [30 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)]
5 10 15
t/°C t/°C 14. If a substance 'A' dissolves in solution of a mixture of 'B' and
'C' with their respective number of moles as nA, nB and nC, mole
fraction of C in the solution is: [30 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
M M nC nC
(c) (d) (a) (b)
nA × nB × nC nA + nB + nC
5 10 15 5 10 15 nC nB
t/°C (c) (d)
t/°C nA − nB − nC nA + nB
, 15. The molarity of 1L orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) having 70% 26. 5g of NaOH was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 450mL
purity by weight (specific gravity 1.54 g cm–3 ) is ______M. (Molar stock solution. What volume (in mL) of this solution would be
mass of H3PO4 = 98 g mol–1) [31 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)] required to prepare 500mL of 0.1 M solution?
16. The Molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing 5.85 g of NaCl Given: Molar Mass of Na, O and H is 23, 16 and 1 g mol –1
in 500 mL water is: [04 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] respectively [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(Given: Molar Mass Na : 23 and Cl : 35.5 gmol–1) 27. The number of units, which are used to express concentration of
(a) 20 (b) 0.2 (c) 2 (d) 4 solutions from the following is ______.
17. The density of 'x' M solution ('x' molar) of NaOH is 1.12 g mL–1. Mass percent, Mole, Mole fraction, Molarity, ppm, Molality.
while in molality, the concentration of the solution is 3 m (3 molal). [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
Then x is [06 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] 28. The molality of a 10%(V/V) solution of di-bromine solution in
(Given: Molar mass of NaOH is 40 g/mol) CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) is 'x'. x = _________ × 10–2 M. (Nearest
(a) 3.5 (b) 3.0 (c) 3.8 (d) 2.8 Integer)
18. Molality (m) of 3M aqueous solution of NaCl is: (Given: Density [Given: molar mass of Br2 = 160 g mol–1
of solution = 1.25 g mL–1, Molar mass in g mol–1 : Na-23,Cl-35.5) atomic mass of C = 12 g mol–1
[06 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] atomic mass of Cl = 35.5 g mol–1
(a) 2.90 m (b) 2.79 m (c) 1.90 m (d) 3.85 m density of dibromine 3.2 g cm–3
density of CCl4 = 1.6 g cm–3] [1 Feb, 2023 (Shift-II)]
19. Molality of an aqueous solution of urea is 4.44 m. Mole fraction
of urea in solution is x × 10–3. 29. A solution of sugar is obtained by mixing 200 g of its 25% solution
Value of x is _______. (integer answer) and 500 g of its 40% solution (both by mass). The mass percentage
[08 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] of the resulting sugar solution is. (Nearest Integer)
[11 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
20. A solution is prepared by adding 1 mole ethyl alcohol in 9 mole
30. The volume of HCl, containing 73gL–1, required to completely
water. The mass percent of solute in the solution is _______
(Integer Answer) neutralise NaOH obtained by reacting 0.69 g of metallic sodium
(Given: Molar mass in g mol–1 Ethyl alcohol: 46, water: 18) with water, is ________mL. (Nearest Integer)
[08 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] (Given: molar Masses of Na, Cl, O, H are 23, 35.5, 16 and 1 g mol–1
respectively) [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
21. Molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing x g of anhyd.
CuSO4 in 500 mL solution at 32 °C is 2 × 10–1 M. Its molality will 31. Some amount of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) is added to 671.141
be _______ × 10–3 m. [09 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] mL of chloroform (CHCl3) to prepare 2.6 × 10–3M solution of
CH2Cl2(DCM). The concentration of DCM is _______ ppm (by mass).
(nearest integer).
Given: Atomic mass: C = 12; H : 1; Cl = 35.5 density of CHCl3 =
[Given density of the solution = 1.25 g/mL.] 1.49 g cm–3 [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
22. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) 32. A commercially sold conc. HCl is 35% HCl by mass. If the
and the other is labelled as Reason (R). density of this commercial acid is 1.46 g / mL, the molarity of
Assertion (A): 3.1500g of hydrated oxalic acid dissolved in water this solution is:
to make 250.0 mL solution will result in 0.1 M oxalic acid solution.
(Atomic mass: Cl = 35.5 amu, H = 1 amu)
Reason (R): Molar mass of hydrated oxalic acid is
[26 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
126 g mol–1. [10 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
(a) 10.2 M (b) 12.5 M (c) 14.0 M (d) 18.2 M
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below: 33. Assertion (A): At 10°C, the density of a 5 M solution of KCl
[atomic masses of K and Cl are 39 and 35.5 g mol–1 respectively is
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct
explanation of (A). ʻxʼ g ml–1. The solution is cooled to –21°C. The molality of the
solution will remain unchanged.
(b) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. Reason (R): The molality of a solution does not change with
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation temperature as mass remains unaffected with temperature.
of (A). In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
23. What is the mass ratio of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2, molar mass = 62 the options given below [27 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
g/mol) required for making 500 g of 0.25 molal aqueous solution (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of
and 250 mL of 0.25 molar aqueous solution? (A).
[25 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)] (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 of (A).
24. A solution is prepared by adding 2g of “X” of 1 mole of water. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Mass percent of “X” in the solution is:[11 April, 2023 (Shift-II)] (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(a) 20% (b) 5% (c) 2% (d) 10%
34. When 800 mL of 0.5 M nitric acid is heated in a beaker, its volume
25. The density of 3 M solution of NaCl is 1.0 g mL–1.
is reduced to half and 11.5 g of nitric acid is evaporated. The
Molality of the solution is ____ × 10–2 m. (Nearest Integer). molarity of the remaining nitric acid solution is x × 10–2M. (Nearest
Given: Molar mass of Na and Cl is 23 and 35.5 g mol-1 Integer)
respectively. [1 Feb, 2023 (Shift-I)] (Molar mass of nitric acid is 63 g mol–1)[26 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
322 JEE Main and Advanced Chemistry PYQs
, 35. The molarity of the solution prepared by dissolving 6.3 g of oxalic respectively. If d is the density of the solution in gmL–1, C2 is the
acid (H2C2O4 . 2H2O) in 250 mL of water in mol L–1 is x × 10–2. molarity and x2 is the mole fraction of the 2nd component, then C2
The value of x is ______. (Nearest Integer) can be expressed as: [6 Sept, 2020 (Shift-I)]
[Atomic mass: H : 1.0, C : 12.0, O : 16.0] [31Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] 1000x dx 2
(a) C = 2 (b) C2 =
36. If 80 g of copper sulphate CuSO4⋅5H2O is dissolved in deionised
2
M1 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 ) M 2 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 )
water to make 5 L of solution. The concentration of the copper 1000dx 2 dx1
sulphate solution is x × 10–3 mol L–1. The value of x is _______. (c) C 2 = (d) C =
M1 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 ) 2
M 2 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 )
[Atomic masses: Cu : 63.54 u, S : 32 u, O : 16 u, H : 1 u]
47. The molarity of HNO 3 in a sample which has density
[1 Sept, 2021 (Shift-II)] 1.4 g/mL and mass percentage of 63% is (Molecular Weight of
37. A 6.50 molal solution of KOH (aq) has a density of 1.89 g cm–3. HNO3 = 63) [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
The molarity of the solution is________ mol dm–3. (Round off to 48. A 100 mL solution was made by adding 1.43 g of Na 2CO 3.
the nearest Integer). xH2O. The normality of the solution is 0.1 N. The value of x is
[Atomic masses: K = 39.0u, O = 16.0u, H = 1.0u] ___________.
[16 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] (The atomic mass of Na is 23 g/mol) [4 Sept, 2020 (Shift-II)]
38. A 1 molal K4[Fe(CN)6] solution has a degree of dissociation of 0.4. 49. The hardness of a water sample containing 10 –3 M MgSO 4
Its boiling point is equal to that of another solution which contains expressed as CaCO3 equivalents (in ppm) is _______.
18.1 weight percent of a non electrolytic solute A. The molar mass
of A is ______u. (Round off to the Nearest Integer). [Density of (molar mass of MgSO4 is 120.38 g/mol) [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
water = 1.0 g cm–3] [17 March, 2021 (Shift-II)] 50. 10.30 mg of O2 is dissolved into a litre of sea water of density 1.03
39. An aqueous KCl solution of density 1.2 g mL–1 has a molality of g/mL. The concentration of O2 in ppm is ____________.
3.30 mol kg–1. The molarity of the solution in mol L–1 is ________. [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]
(Nearest Integer) 51. The mole fraction of glucose (C6H12O6) in an aqueous binary
[Molar mass of KCl = 74.5] [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] solution is 0.1. The mass percentage of water in it, to the nearest
40. 4.5 g of compound A (MW = 90) was used to make 250 mL of its Integer, is __________ . [3 Sept, 2020 (Shift-I)]
aqueous solution. The molarity of the solution in M is x × 10–1. The 52. 6.023 × 1022 molecules are present in 10 g of a substance 'x'. The
value of x is __________ (Rounded off to the nearest Integer) molarity of a solution containing 5 g of substance 'x' in 2 L solution
[24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-I)] is __________ × 10–3. [3 Sept, 2020 (Shift-II)]
41. The mole fraction of a solute in a 100 molal aqueous solution is 53. 8 g of NaOH is dissolved in 18 g of H2O. Mole fraction of NaOH
_________ × 10–2 (Round off to the Nearest Integer). in solution and molality (in mol kg–1) of the solution respectively,
[Given: Atomic masses: H: 1.0 u, O:16.0 u] are: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
[17 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] (a) 0.2, 22.20 (b) 0.2, 11.11
42. The density of NaOH solution is 1.2 gm cm–3. The molality of this (c) 0.167, 11.11 (d) 0.167, 22.20
solution is ________ m. 54. The mole fraction of a solvent in aqueous solution of a solute is
(Round off to the Nearest Integer) 0.8. The molality (in mol kg–1) of the aqueous solution is:
[12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
[Use: Atomic masses: Na 23.0u, O: 16.0 u, H:1.0 u, Density of
H2O: 1.0 g cm–3] [27 July, 2021 (Shift-I)] (a) 13.88 × 10–1 (b) 13.88 × 10–2
43. Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide. 20.0 g (c) 13.88 (d) 13.88 × 10–3
of sodium oxide is dissolved in 500 mL of water. Neglecting 55. The amount of sugar (C 12 H 22 O 11 ) required to prepare
the change in volume, the concentration of the resulting NaOH 2 L of its 0.1 M aqueous solution is: [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
solution is ____________ × 10–1 M. (Nearest Integer) (a) 136.8 g (b) 17.1 g (c) 68.4g (d) 34.2 g
[Atomic mass : Na = 23.0, O = 16.0, H = 1.0] 56. A solution of sodium sulphate contains 92 g of Na + ions per
kilogram of water. The molality of Na+ ions in that solution in mol
[31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
kg–1 is: [9 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
44. If the concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) in blood is 0.72 g L–1,
(a) 12 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
the molarity of glucose in blood is _________ × 10 –3 M.
(Nearest Integer) 57. Liquids A and B form an ideal solution in the entire composition
range. At 350 K, the vapor pressures of pure A and pure B are 7 ×
(Given: Atomic mass of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16 u) 103 Pa and 12 × 103 Pa, respectively. The composition of the vapour
[22 July, 2021 (Shift-II)] in equilibrium with a solution containing 40 mole percent of A at
45. 100 mL of Na3PO4 solution contains 3.45 g of sodium. The molarity this temperature is [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
of the solution is ____ × 10–2 mol L–1, (Nearest Integer) (a) XA = 0.76 ; XB = 0.24 (b) XA = 0.37 ; XB = 0.63
[Atomic Masses: Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u, P : 31.0 u] (c) XA = 0.28 ; XB = 0.72 (d) XA = 0.4 ; XB = 0.6
[26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)] 58. What would be the molality of 20% (mass/mass) aqueous solution
of KI?
46. A solution of two components containing n1 moles of the 1st
component and n 2 moles of the 2 nd component is prepared. (molar mass of KI = 166 g mol–1) [9 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
M1 and M2 are the molecular weights of component 1 and 2 (a) 1.08 (b) 1.48 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.35
Solutions 323
, 64. Solid Lead nitrate is dissolved in 1 litre of water. The solution was
Solubility and Vapour Pressure found to boil at 100.15ºC. When 0.2 mol of NaCl is added to the
of Liquid Solutions resulting solution, it was observed that the solution froze at –0.8ºC.
The solubility product of PbCl2 formed is ________________
59. Liquid A and B form an ideal solution. The vapour pressures of ×10–6 at 298 K. (Nearest Integer)
pure liquids A and B are 350 and 750 mm Hg respectively at the
same temperature. If xA and xB are the mole fraction of A and B in Given: Kb = 0.5 K kg mol–1 and Kf = 1.8 kg mol–1. Assume molality
solution while yA and yB are the mole fraction of A and B in vapour to be equal to molarity in all cases. [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
phase then: [07 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] 65. Mass of Urea (NH2CONH2) required to be dissolved in 1000 g of
xA y A xA y A water to reduce the vapour pressure of water by 25% is __________ g.
(a) < (b) =
xB y B xB y B (Nearest Integer)
x y Given: Molar mass of N, C, O and H are 14, 12, 16 and 1g mol–1
(c) A > A (d) ( x A − y A ) < ( xB − yB )
xB y B respectively. [6 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
60. At the sea level, the dry air mass percentage composition is given 66. The vapour pressure vs. temperature curve for a solution solvent
as nitrogen gas : 70.0, oxygen gas : 27.0 and argon gas : 3.0. If total system is shown below.
pressure is 1.15 atm , then calculate the ratio of following respectively: Solvent Solution
(i) partial pressure of nitrogen gas to partial pressure of oxygen gas 1 atm
(ii) partial pressure of oxygen gas to partial pressure of argon gas
Vapour Pressure
(Given : Molar mass of N, O and Ar are 14, 16, and 40 g mol–1
respectively) [07 April, 2025 (Shift-I)]
(a) 4.26, 19.3 (b) 2.59, 11.85
(c) 5.46, 17.8 (d) 2.96, 11.2
80 81 82 83
61. Which of the following graph correctly represents the plots of KH Temperature
at 1 bar gases in water versus temperature? (ºC)
[02 April, 2025 (Shift-I)] The boiling point of the solvent is ºC [8 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
67. 80 mole percent of MgCl2 is dissociated in aqueous solution. The
vapour pressure of 1.0 molal aqueous solution of MgCl2 at 38°C is
_______ mm Hg. (Nearest Integer)
(a) (b) Given: Vapour pressure of water at 38°C is 50 mmHg
[12 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
68. The Total pressure observed by mixing two liquid A and B is 350
mm Hg when their mole fractions are 0.7 and 0.3 respectively.
The Total pressure becomes 410 mm Hg if the mole fractions
are changed to 0.2 and 0.8 respectively for A and B. The vapour
pressure of pure A is mmHg. (Nearest Integer)
Consider the liquids and solutions behave ideally.
(c) (d)
[24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
69. The total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases X (0.6 g) and
Y (0.45 g) in a vessel is 740 mm of Hg. The partial pressure of the
gas X is _________ mm of Hg. (Nearest Integer)
(Given: molar mass X = 20 and Y = 45 g mol–1)
62. Consider a binary solution of two volatile liquid components 1 and [31 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
2. x1 and y1 are the mole fractions of component 1 in liquid and 70. A company dissolves ‘X’ amount of CO2 at 298 K in 1 litre of water
vapour phase, respectively. The slope and intercept of the linear plot to prepare soda water. X =____ × 10–3g. (nearest Integer)
1 1 (Given: partial pressure of CO2 at 298 K= 0.835 bar. Henry’s law
of vs are given respectively as: [23 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
x1 y1 constant for CO2 at 298 K = 1.67 kbar. Atomic mass of H, C and
O is 1, 12 and 6 g mol–1, respectively) [24 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
P10 P20 − P10 P10 P10 − P20
(a) , (b) , 71. A gaseous mixture of two substances A and B, under a total
P20 P20 P20 P20 pressure of 0.8 atm is in equilibrium with an ideal liquid solution.
P20 P10 − P20 P20 P20 − P10 The mole fraction of substance A is 0.5 in the vapour phase and
(c) , (d) , 0.2 in the liquid phase. The vapour pressure of pure liquid A is
P10 P20 P10 P20 _________ atm. (Nearest Integer) [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
63. The vapour pressure of pure benzene and methyl benzene at
72. The vapour pressure of two volatile liquids A and B at 25oC are 50
27°C is given as 80 Torr and 24 Torr, respectively. The mole
fraction of methyl benzene in vapour phase, in equilibrium with Torr and 100 Torr, respectively. If the liquid mixture contains 0.3 mole
an equimolar mixture of those two liquids (ideal solution) at the fraction of A, then the mole fraction of liquid B in the vapour phase
same temperature is____× 10–2 (nearest integer) x
is . The value of x is_____________.[28 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
[09 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] 17
324 JEE Main and Advanced Chemistry PYQs
JEE-Main
Expressing Concentrations of Solutions 5. Density of 3 M NaCl solution is 1.25 g/mL. The molality of the
solution is: [22 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
1. Sea water, which can be considered as a 6 molar (6 M) solution of (a) 2 m (b) 2.79 m (c) 1.79 m (d) 3 m
NaCl , has a density of 2 g mL−1. The concentration of dissolved 6. 20 mL of 2 M NaOH solution is added to 400 mL of 0.5 M NaOH
oxygen (O2) in sea water is 5.8 ppm . Then the concentration of solution. The final concentration of the solution is __________
dissolved oxygen (O2) in sea water, is x × 10−4 m. × 10–2 M.(Nearest integer) [22 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
x = _______. (Nearest integer) 7. The molarity of a 70% (mass/mass) aqueous solution of a
Given: Molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g mol −1 monobasic acid (X) is _____ × 10–1 M (Nearest integer)
[Given: Density of aqueous isolation of (X) is 1.25 g mL–1
Molar mass of O2 is 32 g mol−1[04 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] Molar mass of the acid is 70 g mol–1] [28 Jan, 2025 (Shift-I)]
2. Fortification of food with iron is done using FeSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2O . The 8. Concentrated nitric acid is labelled as 75% by mass. The volume
mass in grams of the FeSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2O required to achieve 12 in mL of the solution which contains 30 g of nitric acid is
ppm of iron in 150 kg of wheat is ________ (Nearest integer) __________.
[Given: Molar mass of Fe,S and O respectively are 56,32 and Given: Density of nitric acid solution is 1.25 g /m L.
16 g mol–1 ] [04 April, 2025 (Shift-I)]
[28 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
3. 10 mL of 2 M NaOH solution is added to 20 mL of 1 M HCl (a) 45 (b) 55 (c) 32 (d) 40
solution kept in a beaker. Now, 10 mL of this mixture is poured 9. The quantity which changes with temperature is:
into a volumetric flask of 100 mL containing 2 moles of HCl and [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
made the volume upto the mark with distilled water. The solution (a) Molarity (b) Mass percentage
in this flask is: [03 April, 2025 (Shift-II)]
(c) Molality (d) Mole fraction
(a) 0.2 M NaCl solution (b) 20 M HCl solution
(c) 10 M HCl solution (d) Neutral solution 10. Volume of 3M NaOH (formula weight 40 g mol–1) which can be
prepared from 84 g of NaOH is _____ × 10–1 dm3.
4. 'x' g of NaCl is added to water in a beaker with a lid. The [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
temperature of the system is raised from 1°C to 25°C. Which out
of the following plots, is best suited for the change in the molarity 11. A solution of H2SO4 is 31.4% H2SO4 by mass and has a density of
(M) of the solution with respect to temperature? 1.25g/mL.The molarity of the H2SO4 solution is____M (nearest
integer)
[Consider the solubility of NaCl remains unchanged over the
temperature range] [02 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] [Given molar mass of H2SO4 = 98g mol–1] [29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)]
12. Molality of 0.8 M H 2SO 4 solution (density 1.06 g cm –3) is
______×10–3 m.[29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
M M
(a) (b) 13. The mass of sodium acetate (CH3COONa) required to prepare
250 mL of 0.35 M aqueous solution is _____ g. (Molar mass of
5 10 15 CH3COONa is 82.02 g mol–1) [30 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)]
5 10 15
t/°C t/°C 14. If a substance 'A' dissolves in solution of a mixture of 'B' and
'C' with their respective number of moles as nA, nB and nC, mole
fraction of C in the solution is: [30 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)]
M M nC nC
(c) (d) (a) (b)
nA × nB × nC nA + nB + nC
5 10 15 5 10 15 nC nB
t/°C (c) (d)
t/°C nA − nB − nC nA + nB
, 15. The molarity of 1L orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) having 70% 26. 5g of NaOH was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 450mL
purity by weight (specific gravity 1.54 g cm–3 ) is ______M. (Molar stock solution. What volume (in mL) of this solution would be
mass of H3PO4 = 98 g mol–1) [31 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)] required to prepare 500mL of 0.1 M solution?
16. The Molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing 5.85 g of NaCl Given: Molar Mass of Na, O and H is 23, 16 and 1 g mol –1
in 500 mL water is: [04 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] respectively [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(Given: Molar Mass Na : 23 and Cl : 35.5 gmol–1) 27. The number of units, which are used to express concentration of
(a) 20 (b) 0.2 (c) 2 (d) 4 solutions from the following is ______.
17. The density of 'x' M solution ('x' molar) of NaOH is 1.12 g mL–1. Mass percent, Mole, Mole fraction, Molarity, ppm, Molality.
while in molality, the concentration of the solution is 3 m (3 molal). [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
Then x is [06 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] 28. The molality of a 10%(V/V) solution of di-bromine solution in
(Given: Molar mass of NaOH is 40 g/mol) CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) is 'x'. x = _________ × 10–2 M. (Nearest
(a) 3.5 (b) 3.0 (c) 3.8 (d) 2.8 Integer)
18. Molality (m) of 3M aqueous solution of NaCl is: (Given: Density [Given: molar mass of Br2 = 160 g mol–1
of solution = 1.25 g mL–1, Molar mass in g mol–1 : Na-23,Cl-35.5) atomic mass of C = 12 g mol–1
[06 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] atomic mass of Cl = 35.5 g mol–1
(a) 2.90 m (b) 2.79 m (c) 1.90 m (d) 3.85 m density of dibromine 3.2 g cm–3
density of CCl4 = 1.6 g cm–3] [1 Feb, 2023 (Shift-II)]
19. Molality of an aqueous solution of urea is 4.44 m. Mole fraction
of urea in solution is x × 10–3. 29. A solution of sugar is obtained by mixing 200 g of its 25% solution
Value of x is _______. (integer answer) and 500 g of its 40% solution (both by mass). The mass percentage
[08 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] of the resulting sugar solution is. (Nearest Integer)
[11 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
20. A solution is prepared by adding 1 mole ethyl alcohol in 9 mole
30. The volume of HCl, containing 73gL–1, required to completely
water. The mass percent of solute in the solution is _______
(Integer Answer) neutralise NaOH obtained by reacting 0.69 g of metallic sodium
(Given: Molar mass in g mol–1 Ethyl alcohol: 46, water: 18) with water, is ________mL. (Nearest Integer)
[08 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] (Given: molar Masses of Na, Cl, O, H are 23, 35.5, 16 and 1 g mol–1
respectively) [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
21. Molarity (M) of an aqueous solution containing x g of anhyd.
CuSO4 in 500 mL solution at 32 °C is 2 × 10–1 M. Its molality will 31. Some amount of dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) is added to 671.141
be _______ × 10–3 m. [09 April, 2024 (Shift-I)] mL of chloroform (CHCl3) to prepare 2.6 × 10–3M solution of
CH2Cl2(DCM). The concentration of DCM is _______ ppm (by mass).
(nearest integer).
Given: Atomic mass: C = 12; H : 1; Cl = 35.5 density of CHCl3 =
[Given density of the solution = 1.25 g/mL.] 1.49 g cm–3 [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
22. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) 32. A commercially sold conc. HCl is 35% HCl by mass. If the
and the other is labelled as Reason (R). density of this commercial acid is 1.46 g / mL, the molarity of
Assertion (A): 3.1500g of hydrated oxalic acid dissolved in water this solution is:
to make 250.0 mL solution will result in 0.1 M oxalic acid solution.
(Atomic mass: Cl = 35.5 amu, H = 1 amu)
Reason (R): Molar mass of hydrated oxalic acid is
[26 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
126 g mol–1. [10 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
(a) 10.2 M (b) 12.5 M (c) 14.0 M (d) 18.2 M
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below: 33. Assertion (A): At 10°C, the density of a 5 M solution of KCl
[atomic masses of K and Cl are 39 and 35.5 g mol–1 respectively is
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct
explanation of (A). ʻxʼ g ml–1. The solution is cooled to –21°C. The molality of the
solution will remain unchanged.
(b) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. Reason (R): The molality of a solution does not change with
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation temperature as mass remains unaffected with temperature.
of (A). In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
23. What is the mass ratio of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2, molar mass = 62 the options given below [27 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
g/mol) required for making 500 g of 0.25 molal aqueous solution (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of
and 250 mL of 0.25 molar aqueous solution? (A).
[25 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)] (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 of (A).
24. A solution is prepared by adding 2g of “X” of 1 mole of water. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Mass percent of “X” in the solution is:[11 April, 2023 (Shift-II)] (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(a) 20% (b) 5% (c) 2% (d) 10%
34. When 800 mL of 0.5 M nitric acid is heated in a beaker, its volume
25. The density of 3 M solution of NaCl is 1.0 g mL–1.
is reduced to half and 11.5 g of nitric acid is evaporated. The
Molality of the solution is ____ × 10–2 m. (Nearest Integer). molarity of the remaining nitric acid solution is x × 10–2M. (Nearest
Given: Molar mass of Na and Cl is 23 and 35.5 g mol-1 Integer)
respectively. [1 Feb, 2023 (Shift-I)] (Molar mass of nitric acid is 63 g mol–1)[26 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
322 JEE Main and Advanced Chemistry PYQs
, 35. The molarity of the solution prepared by dissolving 6.3 g of oxalic respectively. If d is the density of the solution in gmL–1, C2 is the
acid (H2C2O4 . 2H2O) in 250 mL of water in mol L–1 is x × 10–2. molarity and x2 is the mole fraction of the 2nd component, then C2
The value of x is ______. (Nearest Integer) can be expressed as: [6 Sept, 2020 (Shift-I)]
[Atomic mass: H : 1.0, C : 12.0, O : 16.0] [31Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] 1000x dx 2
(a) C = 2 (b) C2 =
36. If 80 g of copper sulphate CuSO4⋅5H2O is dissolved in deionised
2
M1 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 ) M 2 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 )
water to make 5 L of solution. The concentration of the copper 1000dx 2 dx1
sulphate solution is x × 10–3 mol L–1. The value of x is _______. (c) C 2 = (d) C =
M1 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 ) 2
M 2 + x 2 (M 2 − M1 )
[Atomic masses: Cu : 63.54 u, S : 32 u, O : 16 u, H : 1 u]
47. The molarity of HNO 3 in a sample which has density
[1 Sept, 2021 (Shift-II)] 1.4 g/mL and mass percentage of 63% is (Molecular Weight of
37. A 6.50 molal solution of KOH (aq) has a density of 1.89 g cm–3. HNO3 = 63) [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
The molarity of the solution is________ mol dm–3. (Round off to 48. A 100 mL solution was made by adding 1.43 g of Na 2CO 3.
the nearest Integer). xH2O. The normality of the solution is 0.1 N. The value of x is
[Atomic masses: K = 39.0u, O = 16.0u, H = 1.0u] ___________.
[16 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] (The atomic mass of Na is 23 g/mol) [4 Sept, 2020 (Shift-II)]
38. A 1 molal K4[Fe(CN)6] solution has a degree of dissociation of 0.4. 49. The hardness of a water sample containing 10 –3 M MgSO 4
Its boiling point is equal to that of another solution which contains expressed as CaCO3 equivalents (in ppm) is _______.
18.1 weight percent of a non electrolytic solute A. The molar mass
of A is ______u. (Round off to the Nearest Integer). [Density of (molar mass of MgSO4 is 120.38 g/mol) [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
water = 1.0 g cm–3] [17 March, 2021 (Shift-II)] 50. 10.30 mg of O2 is dissolved into a litre of sea water of density 1.03
39. An aqueous KCl solution of density 1.2 g mL–1 has a molality of g/mL. The concentration of O2 in ppm is ____________.
3.30 mol kg–1. The molarity of the solution in mol L–1 is ________. [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]
(Nearest Integer) 51. The mole fraction of glucose (C6H12O6) in an aqueous binary
[Molar mass of KCl = 74.5] [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] solution is 0.1. The mass percentage of water in it, to the nearest
40. 4.5 g of compound A (MW = 90) was used to make 250 mL of its Integer, is __________ . [3 Sept, 2020 (Shift-I)]
aqueous solution. The molarity of the solution in M is x × 10–1. The 52. 6.023 × 1022 molecules are present in 10 g of a substance 'x'. The
value of x is __________ (Rounded off to the nearest Integer) molarity of a solution containing 5 g of substance 'x' in 2 L solution
[24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-I)] is __________ × 10–3. [3 Sept, 2020 (Shift-II)]
41. The mole fraction of a solute in a 100 molal aqueous solution is 53. 8 g of NaOH is dissolved in 18 g of H2O. Mole fraction of NaOH
_________ × 10–2 (Round off to the Nearest Integer). in solution and molality (in mol kg–1) of the solution respectively,
[Given: Atomic masses: H: 1.0 u, O:16.0 u] are: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
[17 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] (a) 0.2, 22.20 (b) 0.2, 11.11
42. The density of NaOH solution is 1.2 gm cm–3. The molality of this (c) 0.167, 11.11 (d) 0.167, 22.20
solution is ________ m. 54. The mole fraction of a solvent in aqueous solution of a solute is
(Round off to the Nearest Integer) 0.8. The molality (in mol kg–1) of the aqueous solution is:
[12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
[Use: Atomic masses: Na 23.0u, O: 16.0 u, H:1.0 u, Density of
H2O: 1.0 g cm–3] [27 July, 2021 (Shift-I)] (a) 13.88 × 10–1 (b) 13.88 × 10–2
43. Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide. 20.0 g (c) 13.88 (d) 13.88 × 10–3
of sodium oxide is dissolved in 500 mL of water. Neglecting 55. The amount of sugar (C 12 H 22 O 11 ) required to prepare
the change in volume, the concentration of the resulting NaOH 2 L of its 0.1 M aqueous solution is: [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
solution is ____________ × 10–1 M. (Nearest Integer) (a) 136.8 g (b) 17.1 g (c) 68.4g (d) 34.2 g
[Atomic mass : Na = 23.0, O = 16.0, H = 1.0] 56. A solution of sodium sulphate contains 92 g of Na + ions per
kilogram of water. The molality of Na+ ions in that solution in mol
[31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
kg–1 is: [9 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
44. If the concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) in blood is 0.72 g L–1,
(a) 12 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
the molarity of glucose in blood is _________ × 10 –3 M.
(Nearest Integer) 57. Liquids A and B form an ideal solution in the entire composition
range. At 350 K, the vapor pressures of pure A and pure B are 7 ×
(Given: Atomic mass of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16 u) 103 Pa and 12 × 103 Pa, respectively. The composition of the vapour
[22 July, 2021 (Shift-II)] in equilibrium with a solution containing 40 mole percent of A at
45. 100 mL of Na3PO4 solution contains 3.45 g of sodium. The molarity this temperature is [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
of the solution is ____ × 10–2 mol L–1, (Nearest Integer) (a) XA = 0.76 ; XB = 0.24 (b) XA = 0.37 ; XB = 0.63
[Atomic Masses: Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u, P : 31.0 u] (c) XA = 0.28 ; XB = 0.72 (d) XA = 0.4 ; XB = 0.6
[26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)] 58. What would be the molality of 20% (mass/mass) aqueous solution
of KI?
46. A solution of two components containing n1 moles of the 1st
component and n 2 moles of the 2 nd component is prepared. (molar mass of KI = 166 g mol–1) [9 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
M1 and M2 are the molecular weights of component 1 and 2 (a) 1.08 (b) 1.48 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.35
Solutions 323
, 64. Solid Lead nitrate is dissolved in 1 litre of water. The solution was
Solubility and Vapour Pressure found to boil at 100.15ºC. When 0.2 mol of NaCl is added to the
of Liquid Solutions resulting solution, it was observed that the solution froze at –0.8ºC.
The solubility product of PbCl2 formed is ________________
59. Liquid A and B form an ideal solution. The vapour pressures of ×10–6 at 298 K. (Nearest Integer)
pure liquids A and B are 350 and 750 mm Hg respectively at the
same temperature. If xA and xB are the mole fraction of A and B in Given: Kb = 0.5 K kg mol–1 and Kf = 1.8 kg mol–1. Assume molality
solution while yA and yB are the mole fraction of A and B in vapour to be equal to molarity in all cases. [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
phase then: [07 April, 2025 (Shift-II)] 65. Mass of Urea (NH2CONH2) required to be dissolved in 1000 g of
xA y A xA y A water to reduce the vapour pressure of water by 25% is __________ g.
(a) < (b) =
xB y B xB y B (Nearest Integer)
x y Given: Molar mass of N, C, O and H are 14, 12, 16 and 1g mol–1
(c) A > A (d) ( x A − y A ) < ( xB − yB )
xB y B respectively. [6 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
60. At the sea level, the dry air mass percentage composition is given 66. The vapour pressure vs. temperature curve for a solution solvent
as nitrogen gas : 70.0, oxygen gas : 27.0 and argon gas : 3.0. If total system is shown below.
pressure is 1.15 atm , then calculate the ratio of following respectively: Solvent Solution
(i) partial pressure of nitrogen gas to partial pressure of oxygen gas 1 atm
(ii) partial pressure of oxygen gas to partial pressure of argon gas
Vapour Pressure
(Given : Molar mass of N, O and Ar are 14, 16, and 40 g mol–1
respectively) [07 April, 2025 (Shift-I)]
(a) 4.26, 19.3 (b) 2.59, 11.85
(c) 5.46, 17.8 (d) 2.96, 11.2
80 81 82 83
61. Which of the following graph correctly represents the plots of KH Temperature
at 1 bar gases in water versus temperature? (ºC)
[02 April, 2025 (Shift-I)] The boiling point of the solvent is ºC [8 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
67. 80 mole percent of MgCl2 is dissociated in aqueous solution. The
vapour pressure of 1.0 molal aqueous solution of MgCl2 at 38°C is
_______ mm Hg. (Nearest Integer)
(a) (b) Given: Vapour pressure of water at 38°C is 50 mmHg
[12 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
68. The Total pressure observed by mixing two liquid A and B is 350
mm Hg when their mole fractions are 0.7 and 0.3 respectively.
The Total pressure becomes 410 mm Hg if the mole fractions
are changed to 0.2 and 0.8 respectively for A and B. The vapour
pressure of pure A is mmHg. (Nearest Integer)
Consider the liquids and solutions behave ideally.
(c) (d)
[24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
69. The total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases X (0.6 g) and
Y (0.45 g) in a vessel is 740 mm of Hg. The partial pressure of the
gas X is _________ mm of Hg. (Nearest Integer)
(Given: molar mass X = 20 and Y = 45 g mol–1)
62. Consider a binary solution of two volatile liquid components 1 and [31 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
2. x1 and y1 are the mole fractions of component 1 in liquid and 70. A company dissolves ‘X’ amount of CO2 at 298 K in 1 litre of water
vapour phase, respectively. The slope and intercept of the linear plot to prepare soda water. X =____ × 10–3g. (nearest Integer)
1 1 (Given: partial pressure of CO2 at 298 K= 0.835 bar. Henry’s law
of vs are given respectively as: [23 Jan, 2025 (Shift-II)]
x1 y1 constant for CO2 at 298 K = 1.67 kbar. Atomic mass of H, C and
O is 1, 12 and 6 g mol–1, respectively) [24 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
P10 P20 − P10 P10 P10 − P20
(a) , (b) , 71. A gaseous mixture of two substances A and B, under a total
P20 P20 P20 P20 pressure of 0.8 atm is in equilibrium with an ideal liquid solution.
P20 P10 − P20 P20 P20 − P10 The mole fraction of substance A is 0.5 in the vapour phase and
(c) , (d) , 0.2 in the liquid phase. The vapour pressure of pure liquid A is
P10 P20 P10 P20 _________ atm. (Nearest Integer) [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
63. The vapour pressure of pure benzene and methyl benzene at
72. The vapour pressure of two volatile liquids A and B at 25oC are 50
27°C is given as 80 Torr and 24 Torr, respectively. The mole
fraction of methyl benzene in vapour phase, in equilibrium with Torr and 100 Torr, respectively. If the liquid mixture contains 0.3 mole
an equimolar mixture of those two liquids (ideal solution) at the fraction of A, then the mole fraction of liquid B in the vapour phase
same temperature is____× 10–2 (nearest integer) x
is . The value of x is_____________.[28 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
[09 April, 2024 (Shift-II)] 17
324 JEE Main and Advanced Chemistry PYQs
