NUR 338 Exam 4 Practice Questions
with All Complete Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
efferent - Answer ___________ nerves send messages away from the CNS to the body
opposition - Answer muscle groups often move in _____________
voluntary - Answer skeletal muscle movement is ___________
actin, myosin - Answer skeletal muscles are composed of two contractile proteins _________
and ________
calcium ions - Answer muscle contraction is triggered by sudden inflow of ___________
calcium - Answer muscle contraction stops when __________ is removed from the
immediate environment of the myofilaments
muscle spasm - Answer sudden or violent involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of
muscles
- related to a localized skeletal muscle injury or an imbalance in electrolytes
muscle spasticity - Answer permanent condition where certain muscles are continuously
contracted
- continuous contraction causes stiff or tight muscles
- result of damage to neurons within the CNS rather than injury to peripheral structures
3.5, 5 - Answer normal potassium is ____ to ____
135, 145 - Answer normal sodium is _____ to _____
8.5, 10.2 - Answer normal calcium levels are _____ to _____
1.5, 2.5 - Answer normal magnesium levels are _____ to ____
baclofen - Answer the prototype for centrally acting muscle relaxants is __________
,baclofen - Answer the therapeutic action of __________ is to work within the CNS to
interfere with spinal reflexes causing muscle spasm
- the exact mechanism of action is unknown (thought to enhance GABA)
musculoskeletal, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy - Answer the indications
for baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants) are:
*to relieve discomfort with acute, painful ___________ conditions*
these include...
1.
2.
3.
*baclofen should not be the only intervention used for these problems*
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, rheumatic fever, movement, posture, function, pregnancy, lactation
- Answer contraindications of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants);
1.
2.
3.
4. when the spasms help __________, __________, or ___________
5.
6.
seizure history, cardiac dysfunction, muscle weakness, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction -
Answer the cautions of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants) are:
1.
2.
3. conditions with __________
4.
5.
sedation, drowsiness, fatigue, weakness, ams, confusion, headache, constipation, nausea, dry
mouth, frequency, urgency, hypotension, arrhythmias - Answer adverse effects of baclofen
(centrally acting muscle relaxants):
1.
2.
3.
,4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
cns depressants, alcohol - Answer the drugs that interact with baclofen (centrally acting
muscle relaxants) are:
1.
2.
*both cause severe cns depression when combined with baclofen*
prescribed, driving, operating heavy machinery, tapered, withdrawal, drowsy, musculoskeletal
function, adls - Answer nursing interventions of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants)
are:
1. take this medication as __________
2. the patient should not be _________ or ___________
3. this medication should be _________ because it can cause ___________
4. this medication can make the patient ___________
5. know the patients baseline _____________ and _________
rest, ice, heat, compression, elevation - Answer non pharmacologic treatment for baclofen
(centrally acting muscle relaxants):
1. _______ the muscle that is spasming
2. ______ will help decrease inflammation
3. _______ application
4. _________ and ________ of the affected areas
dantrolene - Answer the prototype for direct-acting relaxants is ____________
, botulinum toxins, botox - Answer the class direct-acting muscle relaxants also includes the
_____________ such as ________
dantrolene - Answer the therapeutic action of __________ is that it enters muscle to
interfere with calcium release --> preventing muscle contraction
dantrolene - Answer ________ is inserted directly into the muscle
spinal injuries, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, polio,
tetanus, als, quadriplegia - Answer the indications for dantrolene (direct-acting muscle
relaxants) are:
- manage _____________ of various severe or chronic disorders including...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
malignant hyperthermia - Answer dantrolene also specifically treats (antidote)
________________
movement, posture, function, active hepatic disease, lactation - Answer the
contraindications of dantrolene (direct-acting muscle relaxants) are:
1. spasticity that helps ________, _________, or ___________
2.
3.
infection, injection site - Answer do not inject botulinum toxins if signs or symptoms of
_______ is present at the __________
pregnancy, lactation - Answer the contraindications for botulinum toxins (direct-acting
muscle relaxants) are:
1.
with All Complete Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
efferent - Answer ___________ nerves send messages away from the CNS to the body
opposition - Answer muscle groups often move in _____________
voluntary - Answer skeletal muscle movement is ___________
actin, myosin - Answer skeletal muscles are composed of two contractile proteins _________
and ________
calcium ions - Answer muscle contraction is triggered by sudden inflow of ___________
calcium - Answer muscle contraction stops when __________ is removed from the
immediate environment of the myofilaments
muscle spasm - Answer sudden or violent involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of
muscles
- related to a localized skeletal muscle injury or an imbalance in electrolytes
muscle spasticity - Answer permanent condition where certain muscles are continuously
contracted
- continuous contraction causes stiff or tight muscles
- result of damage to neurons within the CNS rather than injury to peripheral structures
3.5, 5 - Answer normal potassium is ____ to ____
135, 145 - Answer normal sodium is _____ to _____
8.5, 10.2 - Answer normal calcium levels are _____ to _____
1.5, 2.5 - Answer normal magnesium levels are _____ to ____
baclofen - Answer the prototype for centrally acting muscle relaxants is __________
,baclofen - Answer the therapeutic action of __________ is to work within the CNS to
interfere with spinal reflexes causing muscle spasm
- the exact mechanism of action is unknown (thought to enhance GABA)
musculoskeletal, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy - Answer the indications
for baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants) are:
*to relieve discomfort with acute, painful ___________ conditions*
these include...
1.
2.
3.
*baclofen should not be the only intervention used for these problems*
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, rheumatic fever, movement, posture, function, pregnancy, lactation
- Answer contraindications of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants);
1.
2.
3.
4. when the spasms help __________, __________, or ___________
5.
6.
seizure history, cardiac dysfunction, muscle weakness, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction -
Answer the cautions of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants) are:
1.
2.
3. conditions with __________
4.
5.
sedation, drowsiness, fatigue, weakness, ams, confusion, headache, constipation, nausea, dry
mouth, frequency, urgency, hypotension, arrhythmias - Answer adverse effects of baclofen
(centrally acting muscle relaxants):
1.
2.
3.
,4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
cns depressants, alcohol - Answer the drugs that interact with baclofen (centrally acting
muscle relaxants) are:
1.
2.
*both cause severe cns depression when combined with baclofen*
prescribed, driving, operating heavy machinery, tapered, withdrawal, drowsy, musculoskeletal
function, adls - Answer nursing interventions of baclofen (centrally acting muscle relaxants)
are:
1. take this medication as __________
2. the patient should not be _________ or ___________
3. this medication should be _________ because it can cause ___________
4. this medication can make the patient ___________
5. know the patients baseline _____________ and _________
rest, ice, heat, compression, elevation - Answer non pharmacologic treatment for baclofen
(centrally acting muscle relaxants):
1. _______ the muscle that is spasming
2. ______ will help decrease inflammation
3. _______ application
4. _________ and ________ of the affected areas
dantrolene - Answer the prototype for direct-acting relaxants is ____________
, botulinum toxins, botox - Answer the class direct-acting muscle relaxants also includes the
_____________ such as ________
dantrolene - Answer the therapeutic action of __________ is that it enters muscle to
interfere with calcium release --> preventing muscle contraction
dantrolene - Answer ________ is inserted directly into the muscle
spinal injuries, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, polio,
tetanus, als, quadriplegia - Answer the indications for dantrolene (direct-acting muscle
relaxants) are:
- manage _____________ of various severe or chronic disorders including...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
malignant hyperthermia - Answer dantrolene also specifically treats (antidote)
________________
movement, posture, function, active hepatic disease, lactation - Answer the
contraindications of dantrolene (direct-acting muscle relaxants) are:
1. spasticity that helps ________, _________, or ___________
2.
3.
infection, injection site - Answer do not inject botulinum toxins if signs or symptoms of
_______ is present at the __________
pregnancy, lactation - Answer the contraindications for botulinum toxins (direct-acting
muscle relaxants) are:
1.
