NR 341 EDAPT Week 5: Complex Adult Health and Evidence-Based
Practice 2026 Chamberlain
1. Which physiological parameter is the best indicator of adequate organ
perfusion in a patient with shock?
A. Systolic blood pressure above 100 mmHg
B. Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) greater than 65 mmHg
C. Heart rate between 60-100 bpm
D. Oxygen saturation above 95%
Answer: B
Rationale: MAP is considered the best indicator of tissue perfusion to vital organs, and a
MAP of at least 65 mmHg is typically required to maintain organ function.
2. A patient in septic shock is receiving a fluid bolus. What is the recommended
standard volume for initial resuscitation according to the Surviving Sepsis
Campaign?
A. 10 mL/kg
B. 50 mL/kg
C. 30 mL/kg
D. 100 mL/kg
Answer: C
Rationale: The standard initial fluid resuscitation for sepsis-induced hypotension is 30
mL/kg of intravenous crystalloid solution within the first 3 hours.
,3. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of neurogenic shock that
distinguishes it from other types of shock?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Cool, clammy skin
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
Rationale: Neurogenic shock results from loss of sympathetic tone, leading to vasodilation
and bradycardia, whereas most other shocks cause compensatory tachycardia.
4. Using the Parkland formula, calculate the total fluid volume needed in the
first 24 hours for a 70 kg patient with 40% total body surface area (TBSA) burns.
A. 2,800 mL
B. 11,200 mL
C. 8,400 mL
D. 5,600 mL
Answer: B
Rationale: Parkland Formula: 4 mL x kg x % TBSA. 4 x 70 x 40 = 11,200 mL.
5. In the PICO format for clinical questions, what does the letter ‘O’ stand for?
A. Observation
B. Organization
C. Outcome
D. Order
Answer: C
Rationale: PICO stands for Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome.
, 6. A patient has a Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure (PAWP) of 22 mmHg.
Which condition does the nurse suspect?
A. Hypovolemic shock
B. Dehydration
C. Right-sided heart failure
D. Left-sided heart failure
Answer: D
Rationale: Normal PAWP is 6-12 mmHg. An elevated PAWP indicates fluid volume excess
or left-sided heart failure/cardiogenic shock.
7. What is the first-line medication for a patient experiencing anaphylactic
shock?
A. Albuterol
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Epinephrine
Answer: D
Rationale: Epinephrine is the gold standard for treating anaphylaxis as it causes
vasoconstriction and bronchodilation.
8. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of
evidence-based practice?
A. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
B. Expert opinion
C. Single randomized controlled trials
D. Case-control studies
Answer: A
Rationale: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of RCTs provide the strongest level of
evidence for clinical decision-making.
Practice 2026 Chamberlain
1. Which physiological parameter is the best indicator of adequate organ
perfusion in a patient with shock?
A. Systolic blood pressure above 100 mmHg
B. Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) greater than 65 mmHg
C. Heart rate between 60-100 bpm
D. Oxygen saturation above 95%
Answer: B
Rationale: MAP is considered the best indicator of tissue perfusion to vital organs, and a
MAP of at least 65 mmHg is typically required to maintain organ function.
2. A patient in septic shock is receiving a fluid bolus. What is the recommended
standard volume for initial resuscitation according to the Surviving Sepsis
Campaign?
A. 10 mL/kg
B. 50 mL/kg
C. 30 mL/kg
D. 100 mL/kg
Answer: C
Rationale: The standard initial fluid resuscitation for sepsis-induced hypotension is 30
mL/kg of intravenous crystalloid solution within the first 3 hours.
,3. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of neurogenic shock that
distinguishes it from other types of shock?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Cool, clammy skin
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
Rationale: Neurogenic shock results from loss of sympathetic tone, leading to vasodilation
and bradycardia, whereas most other shocks cause compensatory tachycardia.
4. Using the Parkland formula, calculate the total fluid volume needed in the
first 24 hours for a 70 kg patient with 40% total body surface area (TBSA) burns.
A. 2,800 mL
B. 11,200 mL
C. 8,400 mL
D. 5,600 mL
Answer: B
Rationale: Parkland Formula: 4 mL x kg x % TBSA. 4 x 70 x 40 = 11,200 mL.
5. In the PICO format for clinical questions, what does the letter ‘O’ stand for?
A. Observation
B. Organization
C. Outcome
D. Order
Answer: C
Rationale: PICO stands for Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome.
, 6. A patient has a Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure (PAWP) of 22 mmHg.
Which condition does the nurse suspect?
A. Hypovolemic shock
B. Dehydration
C. Right-sided heart failure
D. Left-sided heart failure
Answer: D
Rationale: Normal PAWP is 6-12 mmHg. An elevated PAWP indicates fluid volume excess
or left-sided heart failure/cardiogenic shock.
7. What is the first-line medication for a patient experiencing anaphylactic
shock?
A. Albuterol
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Epinephrine
Answer: D
Rationale: Epinephrine is the gold standard for treating anaphylaxis as it causes
vasoconstriction and bronchodilation.
8. Which level of evidence is considered the highest in the hierarchy of
evidence-based practice?
A. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
B. Expert opinion
C. Single randomized controlled trials
D. Case-control studies
Answer: A
Rationale: Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of RCTs provide the strongest level of
evidence for clinical decision-making.
