FNP-652 Final Exam Question & Answer
With Latest Uploads 2026/2027 Version
Hearing Loss in the elderly - ANSWER//Affects 60-80% of 70 yr +. Start with
Whisper and Rinne tests. Refer patients for Adiometric testing if there is no
obvious occlusion.
Differential Diagnoses: Cerumen impaction, foreign object, tumors.
Vision Screening in <1 year old - ANSWER//As part of each well-child visit, eye
health, vision development, and alignment of the eyes should be checked.
Findings that merit watchful waiting: Chemical conjunctivitis in neonates
Referral considering age of patient: Eye alignment, not making eye contact
Tympanogram results - ANSWER//Tympanometry measures the capacity of the
middle ear to transfer sound energy.
What do they indicate:
Type A: Normal Tympanogram is shaped like a tent
Type B: Abnormal; needs medical attention (flat)
Type C: Almost normal but not right (may be too peaked);refers to a middle ear
with negative pressure. A child with this type of tympanogram should be
monitored and may need medical attention. Such a tympanogram may be caused
by retraction of the eardrum or blockage of the Eustachian tube.
Group A hemolytic strep - ANSWER//Illnesses it can cause: Strep throat,
Rheumatic Fever, Scarlet Fever, Post-Streptococcal Glomerularnephritis. It is
spread by nasal or oral secretions and the incubation period of 2-5 days.
Presentation: often pharyngitis is the very first symptom. Suspect Group A strep
if:
Sudden-onset of sore throat
Odynophagia
Fever
, Evaluation:
Pharyngeal and tonsillar erythema
Tonsillar hypertrophy with or without exudates
Palatal petechiae
Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
Scarlatiniform rash
Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of group A strep pharyngitis is confirmed by either a rapid antigen
detection test (RADT) or a throat culture.
Treatment:Penicillin or amoxicillin is the antibiotic of choice to treat group A
strep pharyngitis.
Management of Allergic Rhinitis - ANSWER//Allergic rhinitis: inflammation of the
nasal membranes in response to known or unknown allergens
Medications (available OTC): Intranasal corticosteroids (Fluticasone); oral
antihistamines for intermittent attacks or milder disease (Cetirizine, fexofenadine)
Home remedies: Avoid triggers, Nasal irrigation, HEPA filter
Otitis Externa vs Otitis Media - ANSWER//Otitis Externa: Swimmers ear.
Commonly caused by infection (bacterial usually) or from water/chemical
exposure. Patient notices discomfort usually unilaterally. External auditory canal
is inflamed and irritated with erythema, drainage is common.
Otitis Media: Acute onset with middle ear effusion, inflammation, pain, or fever.
Caused by Eustachian tube dysfunction r/t viral upper respiratory infection. Start
with Amoxicillin, then go to Augmentin.
Choleasteatoma - ANSWER//Presentation: Abnormal non-cancerous skin growth
that can develop in the middle section of the ear. May be caused by repeated
middle ear infections
Evaluation: Visual examination, refer to ENT.
Lacrimal Duct Obstruction in Infant - ANSWER//Presentation:Tears are produced
in the lacrimal duct. Look for tear lakes and excess watering of the eye. Should be
negative for corneal and conjunctival irritation and abnormalities.
Treatment: Lacrimal sac massage and topical antibiotics.
Elderly Vision loss - ANSWER//Causes of typical changes: age related ,acular
degeneration, glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy.
With Latest Uploads 2026/2027 Version
Hearing Loss in the elderly - ANSWER//Affects 60-80% of 70 yr +. Start with
Whisper and Rinne tests. Refer patients for Adiometric testing if there is no
obvious occlusion.
Differential Diagnoses: Cerumen impaction, foreign object, tumors.
Vision Screening in <1 year old - ANSWER//As part of each well-child visit, eye
health, vision development, and alignment of the eyes should be checked.
Findings that merit watchful waiting: Chemical conjunctivitis in neonates
Referral considering age of patient: Eye alignment, not making eye contact
Tympanogram results - ANSWER//Tympanometry measures the capacity of the
middle ear to transfer sound energy.
What do they indicate:
Type A: Normal Tympanogram is shaped like a tent
Type B: Abnormal; needs medical attention (flat)
Type C: Almost normal but not right (may be too peaked);refers to a middle ear
with negative pressure. A child with this type of tympanogram should be
monitored and may need medical attention. Such a tympanogram may be caused
by retraction of the eardrum or blockage of the Eustachian tube.
Group A hemolytic strep - ANSWER//Illnesses it can cause: Strep throat,
Rheumatic Fever, Scarlet Fever, Post-Streptococcal Glomerularnephritis. It is
spread by nasal or oral secretions and the incubation period of 2-5 days.
Presentation: often pharyngitis is the very first symptom. Suspect Group A strep
if:
Sudden-onset of sore throat
Odynophagia
Fever
, Evaluation:
Pharyngeal and tonsillar erythema
Tonsillar hypertrophy with or without exudates
Palatal petechiae
Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
Scarlatiniform rash
Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of group A strep pharyngitis is confirmed by either a rapid antigen
detection test (RADT) or a throat culture.
Treatment:Penicillin or amoxicillin is the antibiotic of choice to treat group A
strep pharyngitis.
Management of Allergic Rhinitis - ANSWER//Allergic rhinitis: inflammation of the
nasal membranes in response to known or unknown allergens
Medications (available OTC): Intranasal corticosteroids (Fluticasone); oral
antihistamines for intermittent attacks or milder disease (Cetirizine, fexofenadine)
Home remedies: Avoid triggers, Nasal irrigation, HEPA filter
Otitis Externa vs Otitis Media - ANSWER//Otitis Externa: Swimmers ear.
Commonly caused by infection (bacterial usually) or from water/chemical
exposure. Patient notices discomfort usually unilaterally. External auditory canal
is inflamed and irritated with erythema, drainage is common.
Otitis Media: Acute onset with middle ear effusion, inflammation, pain, or fever.
Caused by Eustachian tube dysfunction r/t viral upper respiratory infection. Start
with Amoxicillin, then go to Augmentin.
Choleasteatoma - ANSWER//Presentation: Abnormal non-cancerous skin growth
that can develop in the middle section of the ear. May be caused by repeated
middle ear infections
Evaluation: Visual examination, refer to ENT.
Lacrimal Duct Obstruction in Infant - ANSWER//Presentation:Tears are produced
in the lacrimal duct. Look for tear lakes and excess watering of the eye. Should be
negative for corneal and conjunctival irritation and abnormalities.
Treatment: Lacrimal sac massage and topical antibiotics.
Elderly Vision loss - ANSWER//Causes of typical changes: age related ,acular
degeneration, glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy.
