Jersey College Nutrition Midterm
Review Questions and Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
c) Fats
Fats provide 9 calories per gram, which is more than carbohydrates or
proteins (both 4 calories per gram). Vitamins do not provide energy.
2. Which vitamin is primarily synthesized by the body when exposed
to sunlight?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
, c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin K
c) Vitamin D
Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin through the action of UVB rays on 7-
dehydrocholesterol, making sunlight a major source.
3. Which mineral is most important for oxygen transport in the
blood?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Magnesium
d) Potassium
b) Iron
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red
blood cells.
4. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin E
,c) Vitamin C
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, are not stored extensively in
the body, and are excreted in urine. Vitamin C is water-soluble.
5. Which nutrient is essential for building and repairing tissues?
a) Protein
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Fiber
a) Protein
Proteins provide amino acids, which are the building blocks of tissues,
enzymes, and hormones.
6. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
a) Provide energy
b) Build muscle
c) Transport oxygen
d) Strengthen bones
a) Provide energy
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of quick energy, broken down
into glucose for cellular use.
7. Which type of fat is considered heart-healthy?
a) Saturated fat
, b) Trans fat
c) Unsaturated fat
d) Hydrogenated fat
c) Unsaturated fat
Unsaturated fats, found in foods like olive oil and avocados, help reduce
LDL cholesterol and support heart health.
8. What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein
for a healthy adult?
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
b) 1.5 g/kg of body weight
c) 2.0 g/kg of body weight
d) 2.5 g/kg of body weight
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
The RDA for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight for
healthy adults to meet daily requirements.
9. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?
a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) Starch
d) Sucrose
Review Questions and Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
c) Fats
Fats provide 9 calories per gram, which is more than carbohydrates or
proteins (both 4 calories per gram). Vitamins do not provide energy.
2. Which vitamin is primarily synthesized by the body when exposed
to sunlight?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
, c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin K
c) Vitamin D
Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin through the action of UVB rays on 7-
dehydrocholesterol, making sunlight a major source.
3. Which mineral is most important for oxygen transport in the
blood?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Magnesium
d) Potassium
b) Iron
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red
blood cells.
4. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin E
,c) Vitamin C
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, are not stored extensively in
the body, and are excreted in urine. Vitamin C is water-soluble.
5. Which nutrient is essential for building and repairing tissues?
a) Protein
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Fiber
a) Protein
Proteins provide amino acids, which are the building blocks of tissues,
enzymes, and hormones.
6. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
a) Provide energy
b) Build muscle
c) Transport oxygen
d) Strengthen bones
a) Provide energy
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of quick energy, broken down
into glucose for cellular use.
7. Which type of fat is considered heart-healthy?
a) Saturated fat
, b) Trans fat
c) Unsaturated fat
d) Hydrogenated fat
c) Unsaturated fat
Unsaturated fats, found in foods like olive oil and avocados, help reduce
LDL cholesterol and support heart health.
8. What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein
for a healthy adult?
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
b) 1.5 g/kg of body weight
c) 2.0 g/kg of body weight
d) 2.5 g/kg of body weight
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
The RDA for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight for
healthy adults to meet daily requirements.
9. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?
a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) Starch
d) Sucrose
