2
NU551 Unit 4 Exam with verified detailed || || || || || || ||
solutions
A nurse is discussing endocrine system dysfunction with a patient. Which statement indicates the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
patient understood? Endocrine system dysfunction can result from hyposecretion, hypersecretion,
|| || || || || || || || || ||
or from:
||
a. Abnormal receptor activity
|| || ||
b. Abnormal hormone levels
|| || ||
c. Increased synthesis of second messengers
|| || || || ||
d. Extracellular electrolyte alterations - ✔✔a. Abnormal receptor activity
|| || || || || || || ||
Rationale: Dysfunction may result from abnormal cell receptor function or from altered
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
intracellular response to the hormone-receptor complex.
|| || || || ||
An aide asks the nurse what is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(ADH) secretion. How should the nurse respond?
|| || || || || ||
a. Autoimmune disease
|| ||
b. Cancer
||
c. Pregnancy
||
d. Heart failure - ✔✔b. Cancer
|| || || || ||
A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for syndrome of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
expected in this patient? || || ||
a. Hyponatremia
||
,2
b. Hyperkalemia
||
c. Hypernatremia
||
d. Hypokalemia - ✔✔a. Hyponatremia
|| || || ||
Rationale: Hyponatremia occurs due to increased water reabsorption by kidneys.
|| || || || || || || || ||
A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for SIADH.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following assessment findings would be expected in this patient?
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Peripheral edema
|| ||
b. Tachycardia
||
c. Low blood pressure
|| || ||
d. Concentrated urine - ✔✔d. Concentrated urine
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of SIADH include urine that is inappropriately concentrated
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
with respect to serum osmolarity.
|| || || ||
A nurse is caring for a patient with SIADH. What severe complication should the nurse assess
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for?
a. Stroke
||
b. Diabetes insipidus
|| ||
c. Neurologic damage
|| ||
d. Renal failure - ✔✔c. Neurologic damage
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: When the hyponatremia of SIADH becomes severe, 110 mEq/L to 115 mEq/L,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
confusion, lethargy, muscle twitching, convulsions, and severe and sometimes irreversible
|| || || || || || || || || ||
neurologic damage may occur. || || ||
,2
A 22-year-old male is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
following complications should the nurse anticipate?
|| || || || ||
a. Dilutional hyponatremia
|| ||
b. Dehydration from polyuria
|| || ||
c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia
|| || || ||
d. Metabolic acidosis - ✔✔b. Dehydration from polyuria
|| || || || || || ||
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is a well-recognized complication of closed head injury and is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
manifested by polyuria leading to dehydration.
|| || || || ||
While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Neurogenic
||
b. Nephrogenic
||
c. Psychogenic
||
d. Allogenic - ✔✔b. Nephrogenic
|| || || ||
Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
manifestations?
a. Polyuria
||
b. Edema
||
c. Vomiting and abdominal cramping
|| || || ||
d. Thirst - ✔✔d. Thirst
|| || || ||
, 2
A 50-year-old male patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst. He was given exogenous
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ADH. For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
b. Psychogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
c. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
d. SIADH - ✔✔a. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: Neurogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by the insufficient secretion of ADH; thus,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
exogenous ADH would be useful in the treatment of this disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
A 25-year-old male presents with fatigue, constipation, and sexual dysfunction. Tests reveal all
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pituitary hormones are normal and no masses are present. The nurse suspects the most likely
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cause of his symptoms is a dysfunction in the:
|| || || || || || || ||
a. Anterior pituitary
|| ||
b. Posterior pituitary
|| ||
c. Pars intermedia
|| ||
d. Pituitary stalk - ✔✔d. Pituitary stalk
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: When pituitary hormones are normal, dysfunction in the action of hypothalamic
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
hormones are most commonly related to interruption of the connection between the hypothalamus
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
and pituitary, the pituitary stalk.
|| || || || ||
A 15-year-old female presents with breast discharge, dysmenorrhea, and excessive excitability.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Tests reveal that all her pituitary hormones are elevated. What does the nurse suspect as the most
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
likely cause for these assessment findings?
|| || || || ||
a. A pituitary adenoma
|| || ||
b. Hypothalamic hyposecretion
|| ||
NU551 Unit 4 Exam with verified detailed || || || || || || ||
solutions
A nurse is discussing endocrine system dysfunction with a patient. Which statement indicates the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
patient understood? Endocrine system dysfunction can result from hyposecretion, hypersecretion,
|| || || || || || || || || ||
or from:
||
a. Abnormal receptor activity
|| || ||
b. Abnormal hormone levels
|| || ||
c. Increased synthesis of second messengers
|| || || || ||
d. Extracellular electrolyte alterations - ✔✔a. Abnormal receptor activity
|| || || || || || || ||
Rationale: Dysfunction may result from abnormal cell receptor function or from altered
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
intracellular response to the hormone-receptor complex.
|| || || || ||
An aide asks the nurse what is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(ADH) secretion. How should the nurse respond?
|| || || || || ||
a. Autoimmune disease
|| ||
b. Cancer
||
c. Pregnancy
||
d. Heart failure - ✔✔b. Cancer
|| || || || ||
A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for syndrome of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
expected in this patient? || || ||
a. Hyponatremia
||
,2
b. Hyperkalemia
||
c. Hypernatremia
||
d. Hypokalemia - ✔✔a. Hyponatremia
|| || || ||
Rationale: Hyponatremia occurs due to increased water reabsorption by kidneys.
|| || || || || || || || ||
A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for SIADH.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following assessment findings would be expected in this patient?
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Peripheral edema
|| ||
b. Tachycardia
||
c. Low blood pressure
|| || ||
d. Concentrated urine - ✔✔d. Concentrated urine
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of SIADH include urine that is inappropriately concentrated
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
with respect to serum osmolarity.
|| || || ||
A nurse is caring for a patient with SIADH. What severe complication should the nurse assess
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for?
a. Stroke
||
b. Diabetes insipidus
|| ||
c. Neurologic damage
|| ||
d. Renal failure - ✔✔c. Neurologic damage
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: When the hyponatremia of SIADH becomes severe, 110 mEq/L to 115 mEq/L,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
confusion, lethargy, muscle twitching, convulsions, and severe and sometimes irreversible
|| || || || || || || || || ||
neurologic damage may occur. || || ||
,2
A 22-year-old male is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
following complications should the nurse anticipate?
|| || || || ||
a. Dilutional hyponatremia
|| ||
b. Dehydration from polyuria
|| || ||
c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia
|| || || ||
d. Metabolic acidosis - ✔✔b. Dehydration from polyuria
|| || || || || || ||
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is a well-recognized complication of closed head injury and is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
manifested by polyuria leading to dehydration.
|| || || || ||
While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Neurogenic
||
b. Nephrogenic
||
c. Psychogenic
||
d. Allogenic - ✔✔b. Nephrogenic
|| || || ||
Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
manifestations?
a. Polyuria
||
b. Edema
||
c. Vomiting and abdominal cramping
|| || || ||
d. Thirst - ✔✔d. Thirst
|| || || ||
, 2
A 50-year-old male patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst. He was given exogenous
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ADH. For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
a. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
b. Psychogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
c. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || ||
d. SIADH - ✔✔a. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: Neurogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by the insufficient secretion of ADH; thus,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
exogenous ADH would be useful in the treatment of this disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
A 25-year-old male presents with fatigue, constipation, and sexual dysfunction. Tests reveal all
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pituitary hormones are normal and no masses are present. The nurse suspects the most likely
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cause of his symptoms is a dysfunction in the:
|| || || || || || || ||
a. Anterior pituitary
|| ||
b. Posterior pituitary
|| ||
c. Pars intermedia
|| ||
d. Pituitary stalk - ✔✔d. Pituitary stalk
|| || || || || ||
Rationale: When pituitary hormones are normal, dysfunction in the action of hypothalamic
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
hormones are most commonly related to interruption of the connection between the hypothalamus
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
and pituitary, the pituitary stalk.
|| || || || ||
A 15-year-old female presents with breast discharge, dysmenorrhea, and excessive excitability.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Tests reveal that all her pituitary hormones are elevated. What does the nurse suspect as the most
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
likely cause for these assessment findings?
|| || || || ||
a. A pituitary adenoma
|| || ||
b. Hypothalamic hyposecretion
|| ||
