Lower Respiratory System Disorders: Nursing
Care, Diagnosis, and Treatment Questions and
answers
What are the nursing care objectives for patients with bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, empyema, and
pleurisy? - ✅✅Discuss appropriate nursing care and choose interventions for altered airway
clearance, breathing pattern, gas exchange, and fatigue due to hypoxia.
How can nurses contribute to the prevention of tuberculosis (TB)? - ✅✅By ensuring prompt
treatment and education on TB prevention methods.
What pathophysiologic changes occur during an asthma attack? - ✅✅Bronchoconstriction,
inflammation, and increased mucus production leading to airway obstruction.
What problems related to aging can cause restrictive pulmonary disorders? - ✅✅Decreased lung
elasticity, reduced respiratory muscle strength, and changes in chest wall structure.
What is the nursing care for a patient who has had thoracic surgery and has chest tubes? -
✅✅Monitor chest tube function, assess respiratory status, and manage pain.
What is acute bronchitis? - ✅✅An extension of an upper respiratory infection involving the trachea,
usually viral in origin.
What are the early symptoms of acute bronchitis? - ✅✅Symptoms are similar to those of the
common cold, including cough and mild fever.
What is the primary cause of influenza? - ✅✅It is caused by three major types of viruses: A, B, and C.
What are the common signs and symptoms of influenza? - ✅✅Headache, fever, chills, muscle aches,
sore throat, cough, runny nose, and nasal congestion.
, How is uncomplicated influenza typically managed? - ✅✅Through nursing interventions rather than
medications.
What is pneumonia? - ✅✅An extensive inflammation of the lung characterized by consolidation or
interstitial inflammation and edema.
What are the common causes of pneumonia? - ✅✅Bacteria, viruses, or inhalation of irritating gases.
What are the typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia? - ✅✅High fever, chills, cough with rusty or
blood-flecked sputum, chest pain, and malaise.
How is pneumonia diagnosed? - ✅✅Confirmed by chest radiography showing densities in the
affected lung.
What is the treatment for bacterial pneumonia? - ✅✅IV or oral antibiotic agents.
What is atelectasis? - ✅✅An incomplete expansion or collapse of alveoli.
What causes atelectasis? - ✅✅Compression of the lungs, decrease in surfactant, or bronchial
obstruction.
What are common fungal lung infections? - ✅✅Coccidioidomycosis, aspergillus, and histoplasmosis.
What is tuberculosis (TB)? - ✅✅An infectious disease characterized by lesions within lung tissue
caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
What are the signs and symptoms of TB? - ✅✅Cough, low-grade fever, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue,
night sweats, and hemoptysis.
How is TB diagnosed? - ✅✅Through tuberculin skin testing, blood tests, radiographic examinations,
and sputum cultures.
Care, Diagnosis, and Treatment Questions and
answers
What are the nursing care objectives for patients with bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, empyema, and
pleurisy? - ✅✅Discuss appropriate nursing care and choose interventions for altered airway
clearance, breathing pattern, gas exchange, and fatigue due to hypoxia.
How can nurses contribute to the prevention of tuberculosis (TB)? - ✅✅By ensuring prompt
treatment and education on TB prevention methods.
What pathophysiologic changes occur during an asthma attack? - ✅✅Bronchoconstriction,
inflammation, and increased mucus production leading to airway obstruction.
What problems related to aging can cause restrictive pulmonary disorders? - ✅✅Decreased lung
elasticity, reduced respiratory muscle strength, and changes in chest wall structure.
What is the nursing care for a patient who has had thoracic surgery and has chest tubes? -
✅✅Monitor chest tube function, assess respiratory status, and manage pain.
What is acute bronchitis? - ✅✅An extension of an upper respiratory infection involving the trachea,
usually viral in origin.
What are the early symptoms of acute bronchitis? - ✅✅Symptoms are similar to those of the
common cold, including cough and mild fever.
What is the primary cause of influenza? - ✅✅It is caused by three major types of viruses: A, B, and C.
What are the common signs and symptoms of influenza? - ✅✅Headache, fever, chills, muscle aches,
sore throat, cough, runny nose, and nasal congestion.
, How is uncomplicated influenza typically managed? - ✅✅Through nursing interventions rather than
medications.
What is pneumonia? - ✅✅An extensive inflammation of the lung characterized by consolidation or
interstitial inflammation and edema.
What are the common causes of pneumonia? - ✅✅Bacteria, viruses, or inhalation of irritating gases.
What are the typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia? - ✅✅High fever, chills, cough with rusty or
blood-flecked sputum, chest pain, and malaise.
How is pneumonia diagnosed? - ✅✅Confirmed by chest radiography showing densities in the
affected lung.
What is the treatment for bacterial pneumonia? - ✅✅IV or oral antibiotic agents.
What is atelectasis? - ✅✅An incomplete expansion or collapse of alveoli.
What causes atelectasis? - ✅✅Compression of the lungs, decrease in surfactant, or bronchial
obstruction.
What are common fungal lung infections? - ✅✅Coccidioidomycosis, aspergillus, and histoplasmosis.
What is tuberculosis (TB)? - ✅✅An infectious disease characterized by lesions within lung tissue
caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
What are the signs and symptoms of TB? - ✅✅Cough, low-grade fever, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue,
night sweats, and hemoptysis.
How is TB diagnosed? - ✅✅Through tuberculin skin testing, blood tests, radiographic examinations,
and sputum cultures.
