CALT Exam Prep Question and
answers correctly solved 2025/2026
Strephosymbolia - correct answer ✔means twisted symbols. The first term Orton used for dyslexia.
phonetics - correct answer ✔the study of speech sounds in spoken language
phonological awareness - correct answer ✔the ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at
the sentence, word, syllable and phoneme levels
phonemic awareness - correct answer ✔awareness of speech sounds or phonemes in spoken words
phonics - correct answer ✔instruction that connects sounds and letters
synthetic phonics - correct answer ✔explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences
before they are blended to form syllables or whole words
alphabetic principle - correct answer ✔the understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print
by written letters
consonant - correct answer ✔blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air
flow that is constricted or obstructed
vowel - correct answer ✔open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology - correct answer ✔the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
,fluency - correct answer ✔reading with rapidity and automaticity with prosody
prosody - correct answer ✔the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics - correct answer ✔set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language,
rules we communicate by
syntax - correct answer ✔sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics - correct answer ✔content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme - correct answer ✔smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling - correct answer ✔sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography - correct answer ✔the spelling of written language
orthographic memory - correct answer ✔memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics - correct answer ✔awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery - correct answer ✔a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
Heuristic - correct answer ✔means to discover by demonstration
, grapheme - correct answer ✔a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding - correct answer ✔word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine
a word
blending - correct answer ✔fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading - correct answer ✔symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme - correct answer ✔the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem
such as awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly depend on knowledge
of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology - correct answer ✔the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make
words
fricative - correct answer ✔a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the
teeth or lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound - correct answer ✔a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound - correct answer ✔a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound - correct answer ✔a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
answers correctly solved 2025/2026
Strephosymbolia - correct answer ✔means twisted symbols. The first term Orton used for dyslexia.
phonetics - correct answer ✔the study of speech sounds in spoken language
phonological awareness - correct answer ✔the ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at
the sentence, word, syllable and phoneme levels
phonemic awareness - correct answer ✔awareness of speech sounds or phonemes in spoken words
phonics - correct answer ✔instruction that connects sounds and letters
synthetic phonics - correct answer ✔explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences
before they are blended to form syllables or whole words
alphabetic principle - correct answer ✔the understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print
by written letters
consonant - correct answer ✔blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air
flow that is constricted or obstructed
vowel - correct answer ✔open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology - correct answer ✔the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
,fluency - correct answer ✔reading with rapidity and automaticity with prosody
prosody - correct answer ✔the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics - correct answer ✔set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language,
rules we communicate by
syntax - correct answer ✔sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics - correct answer ✔content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme - correct answer ✔smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling - correct answer ✔sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography - correct answer ✔the spelling of written language
orthographic memory - correct answer ✔memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics - correct answer ✔awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery - correct answer ✔a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
Heuristic - correct answer ✔means to discover by demonstration
, grapheme - correct answer ✔a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding - correct answer ✔word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine
a word
blending - correct answer ✔fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading - correct answer ✔symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme - correct answer ✔the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem
such as awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly depend on knowledge
of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology - correct answer ✔the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make
words
fricative - correct answer ✔a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the
teeth or lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound - correct answer ✔a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound - correct answer ✔a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound - correct answer ✔a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
